【正文】 Virginian, and the Aliens abd Hamiltons of Philadelphia (同位語)introduced European art traditions to those colonists〔privileged to visit their galleries, especially aspiring artists〕 and established in their respective munities the idea of the value of art and the need for institutions 〔devoted to its encouragement〕. 9 (2) 倒裝句的閱讀方法1) 部分倒裝處理方法: 把提前的助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞去掉或還原,并按順序理解.2) 完全倒裝的處理方法216。 大量的數(shù)據堆砌216。 分詞短語 16 178。 自然科學a. 生物學178。 表面特征。 發(fā)展史178。 作家: 生平\作品d. 繪畫和雕塑178。 不認識： 推斷：從詞的本身上下文：因果＼對比＼解釋 代入驗證猜 20 2. 指代題(Reference Question)(1) 指代題簡介和提問方式: 參見OG第26~27頁(2) 指代題的解答方法216。 確保所選答案和題干構成因果關系178。 直接對比。 比較n 明顯比較關系的特色詞匯: 同級比較\比較級n 隱含比較關系的特色詞匯:a. “變化”: change, vary, alter, modify, revise, increase, decrease, crect, destroy, develop, improve, progress, advance, grow, degenerate, continue, remain, stay, stable, still.b. “差異”: same, different.c. “超越”: surpass, exceed, transcend, excel.216。 推理錯誤: 附加條件(收斂線性推理)6. 修辭目的題( Rhetorical Purpose Question)(1) 修辭目的題見解和提問方式: 參見OG第24頁(2) 修辭目的題的分類和解答216。 特點a. 對應原文某一處描述, 通常是舉例b. 對應原文兩處或兩處以上描述, 并且通常是分散舉例或排比(未被選擇的選項應和原文構成一一對應.216。 名詞:a. 優(yōu)先選擇題干的上下意詞a is a kind of A, A是a的上意詞b. 若上下意詞不唯一則當作代詞指代處理注意:b. 從句開頭往后找答案c. 代詞和被指代對象的數(shù)性和性質必須一致d. 指代的傳遞現(xiàn)象 21 22 23 3. 事實信息題( Factual Information Question)(1) 事實題簡介和提問方式: 參見OG第20頁(2) 事實題的正確選項特征: 原文重現(xiàn)和同義改寫(3) 細節(jié)類題目的干擾方式1) 信息滯留點216。 類型:城市藝術178。 人文科學a. 美國歷史178。 人的探索178。 動物學: \群體昆蟲\海洋生物178。 主語和謂語或謂語和賓語178。 對比\類比讀一半216。 完全倒裝的判斷流程 11 12 閱讀和寫作的關系：為寫作提供原始模仿素材，并且是抽象結構．Basic to any understanding of the disadvantages ofbuilding a large factory near a munity is _________. 例1: Herein (adv) lay(賓語) the beginning of what ultimately(最終) turned from ignorance(無知) to denial of the value of nutrition therapies in medicine(主語).例2: Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals(主語), sometimes easily recognizable as such, often distorted into gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes.例3: With the growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War and the economic boom( that followed it)獨立主格, young people married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the Depression. 沒有倒裝例4: Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20years after the Second World War(賓語) is the country’s impressive population growth(主語). 句子結構: adj + prep +B+ be + A = A + be +adj +prep +B例5: Among the species of seabirds (that use the windswept cliff of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate, lay eggs, and rear their young) are mon murres, Atlantic puffins, blacklegged kittiwakes, and northern gannets(主語).句子結構: Among A + be + B = B是A的一部分 13 例6: Implicit in it is an aesthetic principle as well: (that the medium has certain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which (sculptors must bring their own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony)). 例7: Most important perhaps, was that (they had all maintained with a certain fidelity(狀語) a manner of technique and position