【正文】 期準備：露天礦的地形是復(fù)雜的，通信信號 不好，甚至有通信盲區(qū)。數(shù)據(jù)通信控制系統(tǒng)連接 在公司的網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器；定位數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)和數(shù)據(jù)庫管理服務(wù)器連接在公司的數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器；數(shù)據(jù)處理客戶端以及卡車和電鏟的監(jiān)控客戶端連接在露天礦監(jiān)測中心。最重要的參數(shù)是露天礦所有掃描區(qū)域的劃分。經(jīng)過現(xiàn)場實驗證實，該系統(tǒng)性能穩(wěn)定。 3）該系統(tǒng)在實現(xiàn)卡車和信息管理自動化方面是非常重要的，這當然適用于其他露天礦山。實際應(yīng)用表明，該系統(tǒng)提高了開采過程勞動生產(chǎn)率和生產(chǎn)調(diào)度的效率，節(jié)省了大量的投資和運輸費用。軟件系統(tǒng)的操作界面如圖 5 所示。建立一個經(jīng)緯網(wǎng)（ wgs84 ），并選擇了幾個坐標：第一點的大地測量坐標是：（ ， ），緯度 /經(jīng)度坐標（ ，）；第二點是：（ ， ） ，緯度 /經(jīng)度坐標（ ，）。安裝完畢后，終端需要調(diào)試。 2）電鏟裝載次數(shù)：準確記錄一段時間內(nèi)任意一臺電鏟裝載的次數(shù)，其他功能與 “1） ”相同。 2）車輛顯示：顯示多個不同的卡車或電鏟，例如，根據(jù)不同的指令，卡車或電鏟顯示不同顏色和 標志。 圖 2 數(shù)據(jù)運算示意圖 4. 三道莊露天礦卡車和電鏟的監(jiān)測調(diào)度信息系統(tǒng) 在三道莊露天礦是洛陽欒川鉬業(yè)集團的下屬企業(yè)，總產(chǎn)量為 1000 萬 t。 GPRS，作為一個移動終端和監(jiān)控中心之間的電信網(wǎng)絡(luò)，主要是傳輸車輛的位置和狀態(tài)信息以及警報至監(jiān)測中心，反過來又把調(diào)度和控制命令傳遞給移動終端設(shè)備。 在露天礦山，卡車和電鏟監(jiān)測調(diào)度信息系統(tǒng)在很大程度上使用的 GPRS 的優(yōu)勢，如更快的速度、需要時的即時連接和按數(shù)據(jù)量收費。一旦確定卡車的位置，全球定位系統(tǒng)可以確定卡車的其他信息，如速度 ，運行方向，運行軌跡，運行距離，上班和下班時間及更多。地理信息系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)應(yīng)用在許多領(lǐng)域建立各種空間數(shù)據(jù)庫和決策支持系統(tǒng)，各有不同的標準，并提供許多不同的方案，如：空間查詢、空間分析、援助計劃和管理決策。然而，利用 GIS(利用地理信息系統(tǒng) )/GPS(全球定位系統(tǒng) )/ GPRS(通用分組無線業(yè)務(wù) )技術(shù)，沒有必要在每一個露天建立獨立的通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)。調(diào)度；數(shù)據(jù)處理；露天礦 到目前為止 ， 全世界的卡車監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展 ， 已經(jīng)到達 高 度成熟的水平， 如美國模塊公司的 調(diào)度監(jiān)控系統(tǒng) 。 the data processing client and the monitoring client of trucks and shovels are deployed in the monitoring center of the open pit. 4) Coordinate registration: in first instance, the present topographic map of the open pit should be renewed. Under AutoCAD2020 we can transform it from DWG to DXF format. Then we can match the present DXF topographic map to the coordinates. Establish a longitude/latitude (wgs84) coordinate system and select a couple of coordinates: the geodetic coordinates of the first point are: (, ),latitude/longitude coordinates (, )。 the terminal carried by trucks will clearly indicate and display, with a red light, the dispatch instructions on the terminal. 6) Pronunciation dispatch: the monitoring center can call any terminal carried by vehicles for dispatch。 dispatch。 data processing。the red light of the terminal will clearly indicate that instructions are given and will ring. 7) Terminal information feedback: the terminal carried by trucks can upload the prefabricated fixed information on the operation surface of the terminal and return feedback to the monitoring center which can deal with the information in a timely fashion. GPS data processing client (GDPC) The function of the GPS data processing is to record the times delivered by trucks and the times loaded by shovels. The concrete function is as follows: 1) Count of delivery by truck: count accurately the delivery times of each truck from shovels to crushing stations during some time interval。 those of the second point are (, ),latitude/longitude coordinate (, ).Their match is shown in Fig, 4. After obtaining the electronic map of Tab format, the electronic map is saved as Geoset by . 5) System debugging: Many parameters need to be rationalised in this system, given the real most important parameters are the demarcations of all the scanning regions in the open pit. At present there are five scanning regions, those of crushing stations I, II, III, the Nangou trough and the reserve have mainly adopted the method of scanning return paths made by many trucks to determine the areas. Besides, in some special terrain, scanning regions of irregular shapes can be determined by means of points and straight lines. Fig. 5 is the operation interface of the software system. Running the system The monitoring dispatch information system in the Sandaozhuang open pit has been used since March,2020. Some problems have arisen since then, such as drift and precision of GPS. These have been solved by optimization of the system software. After experiments with real scenes, the performance of the system is stable. It not only can track and localize trucks,play back historical paths, monitor the trucks automatically, but can also dispatch the trucks by voice and instructions, count the workload of trucks and shovels accurately. Fig. 6 shows some results of the data system of trucks. 5. Conclusions 1)Based on GIS/GPS/GPRS technologies, the monitoring dispatch information system of trucks and shovels in an open pit is a set of multidirectional,realtime, highly effective software system. The practical application indicates that the system improves labor productivity and the production scheduling