【正文】 f oil prices average $22 a barrel for a full year, pared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only %% of GDP. That is less than one_quarter of the ine loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil_importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have bee more energy_intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the backbone of general modity_price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist39?！边@是很客觀的表 述，在談到 landowners時(shí)說：“對(duì)資本與企業(yè)的如此大規(guī)模的非個(gè)人運(yùn)作大大 增加了作為一個(gè)階層的持股人的數(shù) 量及地位的重要性。 回顧近幾年的考研閱讀題，細(xì)心的考生會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)歷年考研試卷中都有題目針對(duì)首 段第一句話設(shè)問，為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況？原因很簡(jiǎn)單，考研閱讀所選的文章 均是議論文和說明文，此類文章的文體要求在首段提出觀點(diǎn)、突出中心，因此 第一段就好像全篇文章的一個(gè)總 綱，確定了文章的主要內(nèi)容，而第一句話常常 是一個(gè)自然段的主題句，首段首句自然就成為?？记冶乜嫉囊粋€(gè)考點(diǎn)。ll suddenly get 500 new Inter sign_ups from Ukraine,” says Friedman, a former political science professor. “And we39。 例 Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is human kind39。t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers . ［ A］ to improve their hard life ［ B］ in view of their long_distance travel ［ C］ to add some flavor to their own daily life ［ D］ out of a charitable impulse［ 1997年 57題］ C［正確答案］ 八、類比原則 議論文和說明文在論證說明事理的時(shí)候均很抽象，為了讓讀者更形象地理解一 些抽象的內(nèi)容，文章常會(huì)采用類比的手法?？忌鷳?yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)舉一反三，不要 被各種原則的變化形式所迷惑?！边€有就是一看到單詞，立刻欣 喜不已：“哈哈，這么容易的單詞。而第二種情況下，考生往往落入命題專家的陷阱，不知不覺 地失了分，原因是考生并沒有掌握閱讀詞匯題的基本命題原則。t have changed May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet. “We39。類比在文中有兩種體現(xiàn)方式，一是明 喻，即 A像 B一樣；二是暗喻，說 A是 B，由于暗喻更加隱蔽，近年來(lái)命題專家也 越來(lái)越趨向于在暗喻內(nèi)容上設(shè)問。s future is now in doubt. The world famous BBC now faces . ［ A］ the problem of new coverage［ B］ an uncertain prospect ［ C］ inquiries by the general public［ D］ shrinkage of audience ［ 1996年 55題］ B［正確答案］ 七、復(fù)指原則 在歷年的考題中，應(yīng)用復(fù)指原則設(shè)問的題目較多，此類題目的考點(diǎn)是復(fù)指代詞 或與復(fù)指副詞作用相同的詞。s where Straitford earns its keep. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that. ［ A］ Straitford39。 life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30_minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great health_care system can cure death—and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours. What is implied in the first sentence? ［ A］ Americans are better prepared for death than other people. ［ B］ Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before. ［ C］ Americans are over_confident of their medical technology. ［ D］ Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy. ［ 2020年 56題］ C［正確答案］ 我自己的 blog 里面有我自己的作文練習(xí)，歡迎各位給我指正 202015 14:44:00 ■編輯 zphou ： 等級(jí)： 文章： 43 滬元： 720 經(jīng)驗(yàn)： 375 門派：英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者 注冊(cè)： 2020826 悄悄話 網(wǎng)上商店 好友 信息 帖子集 轉(zhuǎn)帳 引用回復(fù) 直 接回復(fù) 第 3樓 有時(shí)一個(gè)自然段的主題句也會(huì)出現(xiàn)在段末，因此考點(diǎn)也相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)向末句?！币彩呛芸陀^的表述，沒有表明自己的態(tài)度。 例 In the last half of the nieenth century, “capital” and “ labour” were enlarging and perfecting their rival anisations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability pany with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so monly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state_owned business. The railway panies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business!At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers. The growth of the limited liability pany and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners。Co. may still be worth toasting. To which of the following is the author likely to agree? ［ A］ A new boom, on the horizon. ［ B］ Tighten the belt, the single remedy. ［ C］ Caution all right, panic not. ［ D］ The more ventures, the more chance.［ 2020年 55題］ C［正確答案］ 三、態(tài)度原則 命題專家命題時(shí)，為了驗(yàn)證考生到底有沒有讀懂文章，會(huì)就整個(gè)文章或某個(gè)語(yǔ) 言區(qū)域相對(duì)較為主觀的態(tài)度設(shè)問。s red_hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is ing at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year39。t biting her nails just yet. But the 47_year_old manicurist isn39。s a doctor.” If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are mon to all of you and it39。而且，事實(shí)上，首先做 主旨題，考生往往還會(huì)回過頭來(lái)核查答案，這樣耗時(shí)間，做題效率低。t replace “ scientific method” with