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消防外文翻譯--使用ip攝像機(jī)的早期火災(zāi)探測(cè)(完整版)

  

【正文】 analyzed through time using the connected ponent labeling technique. Evaluation results show that a feasible smoke detection method with false negative and false positive error rates approximately equal to 4% and 2%, respectively, is obtained. Keywords: early fire detection。 however this block size is too large for accurate analysis of smoke features and it is necessary to use a smaller block size. Traditionally if a DCT block with a size different from a current block size is required, the IDCT must be puted and then a new 11 DCT with the required block size is recalculated. These processes are highly time consuming operations. . Smoke Region Detection Stage In the smoke region detection stage, some smoke block candidates are estimated using the motion and color properties of smoke. This stage receives DCT blocks of Sb Sb coefficients previously calculated by the preprocessing stage of each frame, which is posed of three channels: luminance channel (Y) and two chrominance channels (Cb and Cr). The motion property of smoke is analyzed using only the luminance channel Y, and the smoke color property is analyzed using two chrominance channels Cb and Cr. Color Analysis The color is another important feature of smoke。 video surveillance。假陰性錯(cuò)誤發(fā)生在兩個(gè) 視頻序列主原因 是 煙的 顏 色與背景之間的煙霧相似性 很大 ,這個(gè)問(wèn)題可能會(huì) 使用位于其他位置的其他 IP 攝像機(jī) 解決。第一條規(guī)則是基于事實(shí) 即: 煙霧的顏色是灰色的,表示三個(gè)顏色通道的強(qiáng)度約是相同的。除了 視頻幀采集階段, 以后 的 所有階段接下來(lái) 分 小節(jié)描述。雖然擬議的計(jì)劃是專為 MJPEG編解碼系統(tǒng), 但 它 稍作修改后也 可以適應(yīng) 。 該算法直接在 DCT域運(yùn)行,并可以在 IP 攝像監(jiān)視系統(tǒng) 實(shí)現(xiàn) 。一般來(lái)說(shuō), IP 攝像機(jī)所提供的 數(shù)據(jù) 信息可以以多種格式 進(jìn)行編碼,例如 MotionJPEG( MJPEG) 、 [12]。 這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序的主要問(wèn)題是汽車和重型氣流所產(chǎn)生的 大量 運(yùn)動(dòng)。在 [3]和 [4], 隱馬爾可夫模型 (HMM)和離散小波變換 (DWT)是用于檢測(cè)閃爍的像素提示火焰 的 存在。一般來(lái)說(shuō),當(dāng)著火點(diǎn)溫度升高時(shí)煙的顏色范圍從白到白偏藍(lán),當(dāng)燃燒溫度降低,從灰到黑。該算法間變換的 DCT技術(shù)被用來(lái)增加的檢測(cè)精度 , 而不 違背 DCT操作。在提出的方案中 ,首先對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)煙區(qū)域估計(jì)使用運(yùn)動(dòng)和彩色煙霧性質(zhì) 。最常見(jiàn)的煙霧探測(cè)器是基于紅外或紫外線相機(jī),而其他檢測(cè)技術(shù)是基于粒子、溫度、相對(duì)濕度和空氣透明度的分析。一般火焰的存在 比只 有 煙的存 在可能表明更嚴(yán)重的火災(zāi)形勢(shì)在。 在煙霧檢測(cè) [10]所提出的算法 中 ,煙霧被認(rèn)為是一種 可以提取使用的紋理圖案 ,通常被用作紋理分類器的局部二元模式( LBP)。 使用 IP 技術(shù)的火災(zāi)探測(cè) 有很 多種優(yōu)勢(shì),例如網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò) 與具有單一的視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)相比 可以更準(zhǔn)確地探測(cè)火源 地點(diǎn)、 幅度和傳 播 方向 。該算法 使用煙霧的幾 個(gè)特性 檢測(cè)煙霧的存在 , 如顏色 、 運(yùn)動(dòng)和傳播特性 。 圖 1 煙霧探測(cè)計(jì)劃的建議框圖 煙霧檢測(cè)方案的 建議 框圖, 如圖 1。 基于預(yù)處理 DCT 變換間 正如前面提到的,一個(gè) 每個(gè) IP 相機(jī)模塊提供 8個(gè) DCT塊 8系數(shù)的幀,但這個(gè)塊的大小過(guò)大 將影響防煙功能的準(zhǔn)確 分析,這 時(shí) 使用一個(gè)較小的塊 是必要的 。第二條規(guī)則確定的灰度值必須介于 80 和 220。該算法可以 在網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò) 實(shí)現(xiàn),其中每個(gè) IP 攝像機(jī)可以傳輸其分析結(jié)果的 C4 操作中心獲得更可靠的信息,如有關(guān)火災(zāi)的起源 、 規(guī)模 、 增長(zhǎng)速度和方向等 。 IP camera 1. Introduction Early fire detection can help to alert of and prevent disasters that generate great economic damages and human losses. The bustion of objects usually begins with the emission of smoke, even before catching fire。 however the cost of those IP cameras is much higher than that of IP cameras with MJPEG codec and we consider that the high pression rate offered by is not necessary for the smoke detection tasks, because it is not necessary to store and/or transmit the captured video sequences between the IP camera modules and the main puter systems. Also MJPEG codec offers higher quality of frames than codec. Therefore we decided that an MJPEG based IP camera module is the most adequate platform for efficient smoke detection scheme considering putational and economical cost, as well as the frame quality. Although the proposed scheme is designed for MJPEG codec system, it can be adapted to with minor modifications. Figure 1. Block diagram of the proposed smoke detection scheme. 10 The block diagram of the proposed smoke detection scheme is shown in Figure 1, which is posed of four stag
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