路橋畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯--淺析公路路基邊坡防護(hù)-公路隧道(完整版)
【正文】 ion is stronger, and rivers flow and other wood may have hit content to wait impact, appropriate USES plasma build by laying bricks or stones PianShi protection, when necessary and water retaining wall or HuMianQiang also set pulp PianShi build by laying bricks or stones advantage is good durability slope protection, which is suitable for the protection of the different control slope rock layer and different locations of the slope, and moderate cost, it is applicable to the general up and down the slope slope 5. Arch type grid protection this protection way been overe the QiShi protection drainage antiscouring ability weak and the large amount of work the characteristics, the maximum slope greening, appearance is better, in long lines of the high fill slope section, can achieve beautification greening double effect, road protection in recent years is the monly used method shorting is one of the more tedious。 此外 ,對(duì)于邊坡破壞較嚴(yán)重的情況 ,如出現(xiàn)塌方、滑坡以及可能出現(xiàn)失穩(wěn)等 ,必須采取相應(yīng)的措施來確保邊坡的穩(wěn)定性 (強(qiáng)度方面 )和安全性 (變形方面 )。這是目前高速公 路上應(yīng)用較多的護(hù)坡方法之一 ,由于預(yù)制塊的規(guī)格一致 ,易于施工 ,外觀整齊 ,最大限度地減少了坡面防護(hù)對(duì)植草綠化的依賴性 ,即使坡面綠化效果不好 ,也不容易造成太嚴(yán)重的沖刷現(xiàn)象 ,所以 ,目前大多數(shù)高速公路采用這種方式 ,缺點(diǎn)是造價(jià)高 ,施工難度大。 。直接植草 護(hù)坡方法如下 :其一 ,在土質(zhì)坡面上用草籽、肥料、水拌和 ,直接噴灑在坡面上 ,優(yōu)點(diǎn)是方法簡(jiǎn)單、施工方便、成本較低 ,但易受風(fēng)雨的侵蝕 。剝落和碎落是指邊坡風(fēng)化巖層表面 ,在各種外界環(huán)境的影響下使表層巖石從坡而上剝落下來的破壞形式。 關(guān)鍵詞： 公路 路基 邊坡 防護(hù) 路基防護(hù)是保證路基強(qiáng)度和穩(wěn)定性的重要措施之一 ,防護(hù)的重點(diǎn)是路基邊坡 ,由于地形的變化 ,適路設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高與天然地面標(biāo)高的 相互關(guān)系不同 ,會(huì)出現(xiàn)高于天然地面的填方路基即路堤、低于天然地面的挖方路基即路塹和介于前兩者之間的半填半挖路基。滑坡是指一部分土體在重力作用下沿邊坡的某一滑動(dòng)面滑動(dòng) ,主要是因土體的穩(wěn)定性不足引起的。植物防護(hù)則是在邊坡上種植草或植樹 ,以減緩邊坡上的水流速度 ,利用植物根系固結(jié)邊坡表層土壤以減輕沖刷 ,從而達(dá)到保護(hù)邊坡的作用。 。這種防護(hù)方式克服了魚鱗狀砌石防護(hù)排水抗沖刷能力弱和污工量大的特點(diǎn) ,最大限度地綠化坡面 ,外觀較好 ,在高填方、長(zhǎng)直線的護(hù)坡段 ,能達(dá)到美化、綠化的雙重效果 ,是近年來公路防護(hù)常用的方法之一。錨噴法 ,其工作原理是利用錨桿將滑動(dòng)體固定在山體上 ,以錨桿約束山體 的滑動(dòng) ,并在滑動(dòng)體表面錨頭上加掛 鋼筋網(wǎng)并噴射混凝土 ,在滑動(dòng)體表面形成鋼筋混凝土板體結(jié)構(gòu) ,這樣可以將松散的巖石固定為一個(gè)整體 ,以達(dá)到徹底根治滑坡的目的。, labor strength, strict requirements on slope surface, within the filled soil arch must be planting grass or other engineering protection, or to be rain erosion. 6. Precast block slabs protection this is the current highway slope protection method widely applied one, because of the specifications of the precast block consistent, easy construction, neat appearance, minimizes the slope protection on plant grass greening dependence, even if the slope greening the result is bad, it is not easy to cause too serious erosion phenomenon, so, at the moment, most of the highway that way, defect is cost is high, difficult construction. 7. Jet concrete protective jet concrete method into meat spray method and shotcreting method for directly spray method, high standard in the formation of the mortar injection roughly sheared off,
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