【正文】
crocontroller and dedicated processors have parted ways。 dollars, the most highend [1] model only 10 SCM systems are no longer only in the development and use of bare metal environment, a large number of proprietary embedded operating system is widely used in the full range of SCM. The handheld puters and cell phones as the core 1 processing of highend microcontroller can even use a dedicated Windows and Linux operating systems。 ts small size, light weight, cheap, for the study, application and development of facilities provided. At the same time, learning to use the MCU is to understand the principle and structure of the puter the best choice。s hard drive in terms of nothing, but in terms of the MCU is not acceptable. SCM in the utilization of hardware resources to be very high for the job so although the original is still in the pilation of a lot of use. The same token, if the giant puter operating system and applications run up to get home PC, home PC, also can not afford to。 Therefore, the development of dedicated single chip SOC trend of the natural form. As the microelectronics, IC design, EDA tools development, application system based on MCU SOC design have greater development. Therefore, the understanding of the microcontroller chip microputer can be, extended to the singlechip microcontroller applications。最早的設(shè)計(jì)理念是通過(guò)將大量外圍設(shè)備和 CPU 集成在一個(gè)芯片中,使計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)更小,更容易集成進(jìn)復(fù)雜的而對(duì)體積要求嚴(yán)格的控制設(shè)備當(dāng)中。隨著 INTEL i960 系列特別是后來(lái)的 ARM 系列的廣泛應(yīng)用, 32 位單片機(jī)迅速取代 16 位單片機(jī)的高端地位,并且進(jìn)入主流市場(chǎng)。手機(jī)、電話、 計(jì)算器 、家用電器、電子玩具、 掌上電腦 以及鼠標(biāo)等電腦配件中都配有 12 部 單片機(jī)。 單片機(jī)內(nèi)部也用和電腦功能類似的模塊,比如 CPU,內(nèi)存,并行總線,還有和硬盤作用相同的 存儲(chǔ)器 件,不同的是它的這些部件性能都相對(duì)我們的家用電腦弱很多,不過(guò)價(jià)錢也是低的,一般不超過(guò) 10 元即可用它來(lái)做一些控制電器一類不是很復(fù)雜的工作足矣了。一樣的道理,如果把巨型計(jì)算機(jī)上的操作系統(tǒng)和應(yīng)用軟件拿到家用 PC 上來(lái)運(yùn)行,家用 PC 的也是承受不了的。它在整個(gè)裝置中,起著有如人類頭腦的作用,它出了毛病,整個(gè)裝置就癱瘓了。在開創(chuàng)嵌入式系統(tǒng)獨(dú)立發(fā)展道路上, Intel 公司功不可沒。隨著微電子技術(shù)、 IC 設(shè)計(jì)、 EDA 工具的發(fā)展,基于 SOC 的 單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 會(huì)有較大的發(fā)展。本數(shù)控直流穩(wěn)壓電源實(shí)現(xiàn)以下功能:鍵盤可以直接設(shè)定輸出電壓值;可快速調(diào)整電壓; LCD 顯示電壓值等。 單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 : 目前單片機(jī)滲透到我們生活的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,幾乎很難找到哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域沒有單片機(jī)的蹤跡。它所涉及的領(lǐng)域都與對(duì)象系統(tǒng)相關(guān),因此,發(fā)展 MCU 的重任不可避免地落在電氣、電子技術(shù)廠家。各種產(chǎn)品一旦用上了單片機(jī),就能起到使產(chǎn)品升級(jí)換代的功效,常在產(chǎn)品名稱前冠以形容 詞 — “ 智能型 ” ,如智能型洗衣機(jī)等。不過(guò),這種電腦,通常是指?jìng)€(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī),簡(jiǎn)稱 PC 機(jī)。 它是一種在線式實(shí)時(shí)控制 計(jì)算機(jī),在線式就是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)控制,需要的是有較強(qiáng)的抗干擾能力,較低的成本,這也是和離線式計(jì)算機(jī)的(比如家用 PC)的主要區(qū)別。汽車上一般配備 40 多部單片機(jī),復(fù)雜的工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)上甚至可能有數(shù)百臺(tái)單片機(jī)在同時(shí)工作!單片機(jī)的數(shù)量不僅遠(yuǎn)超過(guò) PC 機(jī)和其他計(jì)算的總和,甚至比人類的數(shù)量還要多。目前,高端的 32 位單片機(jī)主頻已經(jīng)超過(guò) 300MHz,性能直追 90 年代中期的專用處理器,而普通的型號(hào)出廠價(jià)格跌 落至 1 美元,最高端 [1]的型號(hào)也只有 10 美元。 早期的單片機(jī)都是 8 位或 4 位的。 which are inseparable from the microcontroller。 Because it is small, usually hidden in the charged mechanical stomach in. It is in the 3 device, like the human brain plays a role, it goes wrong, the whole plant was paralyzed. Now, this microcontroller has a very broad field of use, such as smart meters, realtime industrial control, munications equipment, navigation systems, and household appliances. Once all kinds of products were using SCM, can serve to upgrade the effectiveness of products, often in the product name precede