【正文】
據(jù)存儲(chǔ)編號(hào):D9數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)名稱:成品庫(kù)存簡(jiǎn)述:儲(chǔ)存成品庫(kù)存信息數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)的組成:產(chǎn)品編號(hào)+產(chǎn)品名稱+成品數(shù)量+備注關(guān)鍵字:產(chǎn)品編號(hào)第五章 金杯汽車信息系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 物流信息系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)概述 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)是信息系統(tǒng)開發(fā)過(guò)程中的重要階段之一。車間管理數(shù)據(jù)流程圖,如圖414所示:圖414 質(zhì)量管理數(shù)據(jù)流程圖:把質(zhì)量管理分成質(zhì)檢、中期質(zhì)檢、成品質(zhì)檢三個(gè)過(guò)程。數(shù)據(jù)流程分析包括對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的收集、傳遞、處理和存儲(chǔ)等的分析。另外工藝人員可以及時(shí)根據(jù)工廠和用戶提供的修改資料和數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行工藝修改,進(jìn)而是產(chǎn)品正常生產(chǎn)。圖43 組織/業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系圖在圖43中,橫向表示各組織名稱,縱向表示業(yè)務(wù)過(guò)程名,“^”表示業(yè)務(wù)相關(guān)單位;“o”表示業(yè)務(wù)協(xié)調(diào)單位,“*”表示對(duì)應(yīng)組織的主要業(yè)務(wù);空白表示組織與業(yè)務(wù)無(wú)關(guān)。⑷生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管部:生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管部主要是方面工作人員,尤其是營(yíng)銷部門,實(shí)時(shí)了解產(chǎn)品的進(jìn)度,更加方便與客戶的溝通。圖42金杯汽車公司組織結(jié)構(gòu)圖金杯汽車公司的組織結(jié)構(gòu)如圖42所示。公司生產(chǎn)的金杯海獅輕型客車連續(xù)幾年占全國(guó)同行業(yè)產(chǎn)銷量第一,成為中國(guó)輕型汽車最大的生產(chǎn)基地市場(chǎng)占有率達(dá)到20%;繼中華轎車后,推出了“尊馳”、“M2”產(chǎn)品,公司已經(jīng)形成集輕型客車、輕型卡車、轎車于一體的整車生產(chǎn)制造公司,且寶馬3系列、5系列轎車的生產(chǎn),又將公司出品的產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)拉升到世界頂級(jí)的品牌上。公司是融生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營(yíng)、科研、開發(fā)、教育、房地產(chǎn)和貿(mào)易等為一體的大型企業(yè)集團(tuán),主要從事汽車整車、汽車零部件的設(shè)計(jì)、加工、制造和銷售服務(wù)。本論文設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn)管理信息系統(tǒng)的目的就是要去除掉這些不必要的程序,使得生產(chǎn)管理快捷化、簡(jiǎn)單化、高效化。此部門主要工作是制定生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃、審核訂單、計(jì)算物料需求。只有保證了產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量,才會(huì)贏得更多的客戶。系統(tǒng)中存在的問(wèn)題可能是管理思想和方法落后、業(yè)務(wù)流程不盡合理,也可能是因?yàn)橛?jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)為優(yōu)化原來(lái)業(yè)務(wù)提供了新的可行性,這時(shí),就需要對(duì)現(xiàn)有業(yè)務(wù)流程進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)流程重組、產(chǎn)生新的更為合理的業(yè)務(wù)流程。車間管理業(yè)務(wù)流程圖如圖46所示:圖46 車間管理業(yè)務(wù)流程圖質(zhì)檢員對(duì)原材料、半成品、成品進(jìn)行質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn),并給出相對(duì)應(yīng)的質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)報(bào)告、發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題、及時(shí)反饋解決。界面內(nèi)作為分析的系統(tǒng),界面外與系統(tǒng)有數(shù)據(jù)聯(lián)系的人和事物,則認(rèn)為是外部實(shí)體。數(shù)據(jù)字典和數(shù)據(jù)流程圖共同構(gòu)成對(duì)系統(tǒng)邏輯模型的準(zhǔn)確、完整的描述。充分利用并合理投入各類可以利用的人、財(cái)、物資源,使之獲得較高的綜合效益。系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)是開發(fā)人員進(jìn)行的工作,他們將系統(tǒng)分析階段得到的目標(biāo)系統(tǒng)的邏輯模型轉(zhuǎn)換為目標(biāo)系統(tǒng)的物理模型,就是該階段得到的工作成果。系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)符合簡(jiǎn)單、合理、易懂、實(shí)用、高效的原則,數(shù)據(jù)采集要統(tǒng)一,設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范要標(biāo)準(zhǔn),系統(tǒng)文檔要齊全。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中必須考慮以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:a)如何將一個(gè)系統(tǒng)劃分成多個(gè)子系統(tǒng);b)每個(gè)子系統(tǒng)如何劃分成多個(gè)模塊;c)如何確定子系統(tǒng)之間、模塊之間傳送的數(shù)據(jù)及其調(diào)用關(guān)系;d)如何評(píng)價(jià)并改進(jìn)模塊結(jié)構(gòu)的質(zhì)量。⑵詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)在總體設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上,第二步進(jìn)行的是詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì),主要有處理過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)以確定每個(gè)模塊內(nèi)部的詳細(xì)執(zhí)行過(guò)程,包括局部數(shù)據(jù)組織、控制流、每一步的具體加工要求等。信息編碼是客觀事物對(duì)象或?qū)傩宰兂杀阌谟?jì)算機(jī)識(shí)別和處理的統(tǒng)一代碼。②它能夠?yàn)橛脩艚⒘己玫墓ぷ鳝h(huán)境,激發(fā)用戶努力學(xué)習(xí)、主動(dòng)工作的熱情。 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)是在選定的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)上建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的過(guò)程。⑸產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)日?qǐng)?bào): 生產(chǎn)組需按計(jì)劃生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品,每日需發(fā)出生產(chǎn)日?qǐng)?bào)來(lái)反映生產(chǎn)的情況,內(nèi)容包括生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品編號(hào),產(chǎn)品名稱,數(shù)量,所需原材料等。⑺原材料計(jì)劃 原材料與生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃間的 M:N 聯(lián)系,材料計(jì)劃根據(jù)原材料與生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃而制定,生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃中的產(chǎn)品可耗用多種原材料,每種原材料可能被多種產(chǎn)品耗用,制定原材料計(jì)劃需考慮這個(gè)多對(duì)多關(guān)系。圖54 ER圖 邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)上述分析與轉(zhuǎn)換,現(xiàn)得系統(tǒng)關(guān)系模式如下: 生產(chǎn)訂單(訂單編號(hào),客戶名稱,產(chǎn)品名稱,數(shù)量,單價(jià),來(lái)單日期,交貨日期) 生產(chǎn)日?qǐng)?bào)(日期,產(chǎn)品編號(hào),日產(chǎn)量,總產(chǎn)量) 質(zhì)檢表(產(chǎn)品編號(hào),產(chǎn)品名稱,數(shù)量,檢查結(jié)果) 原材料消耗(原材料編號(hào),原材料名稱,數(shù)量,入庫(kù)時(shí)間,單價(jià)) 產(chǎn)品配比表(產(chǎn)品編號(hào),原材料名稱,數(shù)量) 計(jì)劃(產(chǎn)品編號(hào),產(chǎn)品名稱,數(shù)量,所需原材料,交貨日期) 原材料計(jì)劃(原材料名稱,原材料編號(hào),總消耗量,日消耗量) 產(chǎn)品(產(chǎn)品編號(hào),產(chǎn)品名稱,產(chǎn)品類型,產(chǎn)品編號(hào)) 原材料(原材料名稱,原材料編號(hào),數(shù)量,單價(jià))⑴表單的建立 根據(jù)前面的分析后,開始對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表進(jìn)行組建,首先將數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的幾個(gè)主要部分進(jìn)行表的設(shè)計(jì):原材料庫(kù)存、訂單信息、產(chǎn)品進(jìn)度、原材料檢查、中期檢查、成品檢查、工藝流程、生產(chǎn)工作、成品庫(kù)存等幾個(gè)主要部分,根據(jù)各個(gè)表所需的內(nèi)容,建立相應(yīng)的表格。如圖517所示:圖517 原材料信息查詢⑷通過(guò)對(duì)原材料總金額查詢,能保證公司資金鏈的連續(xù),為生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃提供財(cái)力保障,使生產(chǎn)在確定周期內(nèi)完成。接下來(lái)需要在各部門推廣使用,并在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中改進(jìn)缺點(diǎn),力求做到完美??傊?,這次設(shè)計(jì)是我受益匪淺,對(duì)我以后的工作、學(xué)習(xí)打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。在此我發(fā)自肺腑的對(duì)老師表示感謝。物流信息系統(tǒng)是靈活的收集工具,來(lái)自聚集和分析數(shù)據(jù)的有效應(yīng)用(采購(gòu),銷售,物流,庫(kù)存控制,設(shè)備維護(hù),質(zhì)量管理/檢查處理),讓用戶不斷地控制目標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和及時(shí)的反應(yīng)異常情況。因此,物流信息系統(tǒng)基于軟構(gòu)件技術(shù)對(duì)容量變化具有固有能力,客戶的多樣性較短的轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間和成本。在特殊的軟件組件領(lǐng)域,“組件”模式是新興的。一個(gè)非常不同于其他的系統(tǒng),,直接使用現(xiàn)有的軟組件,新系統(tǒng)可以組裝(或做合理的適度的修改)。不像其他的系統(tǒng),系統(tǒng)根據(jù)軟組件的設(shè)計(jì)安裝與精確的物流容量和需要的功能,在未來(lái)(在能力建設(shè)方面和功能)升級(jí)。它還為物流系統(tǒng)提供了一個(gè)封裝和執(zhí)行環(huán)境。然后,當(dāng)訂單到達(dá)時(shí),用戶可以依據(jù)物流訂單計(jì)劃方面組織“積木”形成物流信息系統(tǒng)。所需的系統(tǒng)可以通過(guò)相應(yīng)的軟構(gòu)件存儲(chǔ)在組件庫(kù)構(gòu)成。因此,使用軟構(gòu)件技術(shù),物流信息系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化,以應(yīng)對(duì)變化的供應(yīng)鏈環(huán)境和物流任務(wù),使它適合不同類型的物流應(yīng)用。 (1)第一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)關(guān)系信息系統(tǒng),包括用戶信息管理,訂單信息和物流資源信息等。 (2)與功能的“構(gòu)件組織”提供的系統(tǒng),不同的組件都包含在任務(wù)控制器。此外,根據(jù)車輛反饋信息將改變?nèi)蝿?wù)狀態(tài)。在本文中,我們提出了可重構(gòu)物流信息系統(tǒng)的一種方法,構(gòu)建物流信息系統(tǒng)支持不同種類供應(yīng)鏈的一個(gè)重要的研究。 Logistics function ponen1. IntroductionLogistics information system (LIS) is being important as it provides efficient and effective logistics management that aims to reduce cost and cycle time for its customers on the supply chain. LIS are flexible tools for collecting, aggregating and analyzing data from the operative applications (Purchasing, Sales, Logistics, Inventory Controlling, Plant Maintenance, Quality Management/Inspection Processing), which enable users to continually control target criteria and to react in time to exceptional situations.Logistics management typically deals with various inbound and outbound logistics activities that involve all levels of planning and execution. However, many small and mediumsized third party logistics (3PL) providers still focus on internal operation performance but lack the vision of collaborating with other supply chain participants on improving overall supply chain performance. Moreover, these 3PL providers are unable to synchronize information with trading partners in realtime for making timely decision or providing responsive services. It is unresponsive in today’s digital era. New method is needed to support the business growth of 3PL providers in the ing future, which should be reconfigurable to support the different supply chain and to response different customer demands. As a new concept, soft ponents technology accelerates the development of the imperative reconfiguration form. The soft ponents technology has many advantages, such as reuse, simplified development process, and reduced development cost, improved quality of developing logistics and so on. Consequently, the logistics information system based on soft ponents technology has inherent capabilities for capacity change, customer variety and shorter changeover time and cost. The soft ponents, applied to the reconfigurable logistics information system,can link the different ponent by the welldefined (friendly and standardized) interface to improve the system flexibility and to acplish the response to the different customer requirement. To support the different kinds of supply chain, logistics information systems are organized rapidly to adapt the requirement of the response in the logistics enterprise according to the current customer requirements. This approach can ensure efficient and predictable uses of the logistics resources. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. The concepts and development of soft ponent technology will be presented in Section 2. The architecture and implementation of reconfigurable logistics information system is described in Section 3 and 4. A case study is presented in Section 5. Finally, conclusions are made in Section 6.2. Soft Components TechnologyThe “ponent’’ paradigm is emerging in the more specific domain of software ponents.. From the software engineering point of view, a software ponent is only a unit of position with contractually specified interfaces and explicit context dependencies, which can be deployed independently and is subject to position by third parties. The primary goal of ponent concept is reuse, which presents some imp