pm-項(xiàng)目管理-1概述-文庫(kù)吧在線(xiàn)文庫(kù)
【正文】 期授課版 軟件項(xiàng)目常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤 ? 過(guò)程 ? 缺乏計(jì)劃 ? 過(guò)于樂(lè)觀(guān)的計(jì)劃 ? 在壓力下放棄計(jì)劃 ? 缺乏足夠的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 ? 承包人導(dǎo)致的失敗 ? 在模糊的項(xiàng)目前期（ fuzzy frond end）浪費(fèi)時(shí)間 ? 前期活動(dòng)不合要求 41 2023春夏學(xué)期授課版 軟件項(xiàng)目常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤 ? 設(shè)計(jì)低劣 ? 缺少質(zhì)量保證措施 ? 缺少管理控制 ? 太早和過(guò)于頻繁的集成 ? 項(xiàng)目估算時(shí)遺漏必要的任務(wù) ? 追趕計(jì)劃 ? 魯莽編碼 42 2023春夏學(xué)期授課版 軟件項(xiàng)目常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤 ? 技術(shù)相關(guān)的錯(cuò)誤 ? 銀彈綜合癥 : 過(guò)于相信以前沒(méi)有采用過(guò)的技術(shù)的宣傳 ? 過(guò)高估計(jì)了新技術(shù)或方法帶來(lái)的節(jié)省量 ? 項(xiàng)目中間切換工具 ? 缺少自動(dòng)的源代碼控制手段 43 2023春夏學(xué)期授課版 軟件項(xiàng)目常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤 ? 人員相關(guān)的錯(cuò)誤 ? 挫傷積極性 ? 人員素質(zhì)低 ? 對(duì)有問(wèn)題的員工失控 ? 英雄主義 ? 項(xiàng)目后期加入人員：“火上加油” ? 辦公環(huán)境差 ? 開(kāi)發(fā)人員與客戶(hù)之間發(fā)生摩擦 ? 不現(xiàn)實(shí)的預(yù)期 44 2023春夏學(xué)期授課版 軟件項(xiàng)目常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤 ? 缺乏有效的高層對(duì)項(xiàng)目的支持 ? 缺乏各種角色的齊心協(xié)力 ? 缺乏用戶(hù)介入 ? 政治高于物質(zhì) ? 充滿(mǎn)想像：“項(xiàng)目組沒(méi)人真正相信他們能夠按給定的計(jì)劃進(jìn)度完成項(xiàng)目，但他們認(rèn)為如果每個(gè)人能夠努力工作，并且不出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，他們可能會(huì)很幸運(yùn)地按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。例如 ? Great Wall of China, Egyptian Pyramids(金字塔 ) ? 航空航天工程項(xiàng)目 and 建筑工程項(xiàng)目 8 2023春夏學(xué)期授課版 History of Project Management ? Modern project management began with the Manhattan Project, which the . military led to develop the atomic bomb ? In 1917 Henry Gantt developed the Gantt chart as a tool for scheduling work in job shops ? In 1958, the Navy developed PERT charts ? In the 1970s, the military began using project management software, as did the construction industry ? By the 1990s, virtually every industry was using some form of project management ? 1985: TQM ? 199093: Reengineering, selfdirected teams ? 199699: Risk mgmt, project offices ? 2023: MA, global projects 9 2023春夏學(xué)期授課版 PM development ? CPM, PERT ? Now ? PM applications is more and more ? Peoples, customeroriented, soft management 10 2023春夏學(xué)期授課版 Project Management Knowledge Continues to Grow and Mature ? PMI launched their Center for PM Knowledge and Wisdom in December 2023 ? PMI hosted their first research conference in June 2023 in Paris, France, second one in July 2023 ? The PMBOK Guide – 2023 Edition is an ANSI standard, and PMI’ s certification department earned ISO 9000 certification ? Hundreds of new books, articles, and presentations related to project management have been written in recent years 11 2023春夏學(xué)期授課版 How Project Management (PM) Relates to Other Disciplines ? Much of the knowledge needed to manage projects is unique to PM ? However, project managers must also have knowledge and experience in ? general management ? the
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