【正文】 attack. And the more you smoke, the earlier the heart attack is likely to be. For example, a 50yearold who smokes more than 20 cigarettes a day, is four times more likely to have heart disease than a nonsmoker of the same age. What does smoking do to the heart? First of all, it makes the heart beat faster and increases the blood pressure. The cigarette smoke also reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood. Consequently, the heart has to work harder, with less oxygen. Finally, your arteries will narrow faster if you smoke. So if you want to reduce your chances of getting heart disease, the answer is easy –– not to smoke. Don’t copy your friends and other people who smoke. If you smoke, find out how to stop. Stopping isn’t easy, but you’ll be healthier, and .... 1. Who is more likely to have heart disease? A. A smoker B. A nonsmoker C. A 50yearold person 2. What does the writer think of smoking? A. It is good for his health B. Smoking is bad for him C. Is it neither good nor bad for his heath 3. What happens after the writer stopped smoking? A. He bees rich B. He has more friends C. He bees healthier and has money to do other things. （五） New York is one of the most exciting cities in the world. You might want to do some shopping in New York. Fifth Avenue is probably New York’s most famous shopping street, but if you go, be prepared to “ window shop” only. This is shopping for the rich. There are other, less expensive shopping areas nearby, and you’ll soon e across famous stores such as Bloomingdales, Macy’s and FAO Schwartz. And if you’ve brought your rollerblades, then a visit to Central Park is a must. This is a large, open park right in the middle of Manhattan, but if you thought that people came here to relax, sit down for a few minutes and get away from the rush of New York life, then you’d be wrong. Nobody sits in Central Park: they run, jog（慢跑） , and most of all they rollerblade. When you leave New York, you might be tired, even poor and overweight, but the one thing you won’t be is bored! 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答問題。 【模擬試題】 （答題時間： 120分鐘） 閱讀理解練習(xí)： （一） Hi, Louis! I’m writing to tell you something about the customs and festivals. Everyone loves holidays since one doesn’t need to go to school or work. Although all holidays mean no school and work, but not all of them are the same. On some of them you go out with friends。 2. 短文缺詞填空解題步驟 短文缺詞填空是要求學(xué)生在正確理解和把握文章意思的基礎(chǔ)上通過分析行文線索來填寫空缺單詞的一種考查形式，它是考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用英語思維能力的一種有效方法。通讀的目的僅在于掌握大意，切不可把寶貴的時間浪費(fèi)在個別字句的推敲上。誠然，弄懂第一句和最后一句也事關(guān)全局。還應(yīng)熟悉各種體裁、題材的文章，具有一定的語感和快速閱讀能力。近年來出現(xiàn)了以意義選擇為主，語法選擇逐漸減少的趨勢。試題以名詞、動詞、形容詞和副詞等信息詞匯為考查重點(diǎn)，淡化對介詞、連詞、冠詞等結(jié)構(gòu)詞的考查，以檢測學(xué)生在具體情境中靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識的能力。 還應(yīng)具有一定的語言運(yùn)用能力、閱讀能力、理解能力、綜合分析能力和邏輯判斷能力。其文段長度一般為 200－ 300 單詞，生詞率不超過 3％，要求考生閱讀速度為每分鐘 50－ 70個詞。本題答案如下： Sina a: Don’t play football here! Sign b: No bikes here! Sign c: Don’t throw bottles into the lake Sign d: No swimming! 近年來，閱讀理解在中考英語試題中的比分越來越大，不少省份的閱讀理解占到了總分的 30％，閱讀量一般都升至四篇，難度在不斷加深，題型也在不斷翻新。要求考生通過閱讀完成所 給任務(wù)。如： What does the passage mainly talk about? What is the main idea of this passage? What does the writer want to tell us? What is the best title of this passage? 每一篇文章都有它的主題句，而每一個段落也各有主題句，它一般都用來表示一篇文章或一個段落的主旨大意。如： Once there was something wrong with a machine in a factory. The workers could do nothing but turn to a German engineer for help, who drew a line on it and said, “ Take off the part where the line is and change it for a new one.” The machine, with a new line on, began running well again. The engineer then asked for $ 30,000 for what he had done. The following were what he wrote on a bill, “ The new part only costs one dollar, and knowing where the problem with the machine is costs $ 29,999.” （ ） What can you conclude from this passage? A. the engineer asked for too much money B. the workers should pay the money C. the knowledge is worth money D. the new part could cost more 這篇短文是作者講的一個故事，那么通過這個故事我們可以判斷出什么呢？雖然作者沒 有言明，但是我們可以 斷定，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題的所在需要智慧和知識，知識是創(chuàng)造價值的源泉，因此此題的正確答案應(yīng)為 C。根據(jù)第二句話，可以得知 A為 正確答案。這次重讀，要針對問題的要求，抓住重點(diǎn)，一次求得正確答案。 另外，在復(fù)讀全文時，還應(yīng)特別注 意首段或每一自然段的首句，以及結(jié)尾句。要求考生通過瀏覽全文，掌握其大意了解作者的觀點(diǎn)和寫作意圖。再聯(lián)系上下文能讀懂的部分，可以正確猜出詞義。 屬于細(xì)節(jié)類的閱讀理解題一般只針對某個特定的細(xì)節(jié)，題型可以多種多樣，沒有固定模式。完成客觀信息題應(yīng)注意以下三點(diǎn)： （ 1）辨認(rèn)事實(shí) ，注意細(xì)節(jié) （ 2）同義轉(zhuǎn)換，著重內(nèi)涵 （ 3）把握數(shù)據(jù)，注意推算 在有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)推算的試題中，根據(jù)短文所提供的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行必要的運(yùn)算時所涉及的數(shù)學(xué)知識一般都比較簡單，關(guān)鍵在于理解原文。遇到生詞，要根據(jù)上下文和一定的構(gòu)詞法知識，如前綴、后綴來分析、判斷、猜測其詞形和含義。而從考查方式來看，則以直接型、轉(zhuǎn)換型和歸納型的試題為主，需要依據(jù)文章事實(shí)和作者思路進(jìn)行推理的題次之。閱讀理解能力屬于語言的領(lǐng)會技能。四是要學(xué)會猜測詞義，五要理解中心思想。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)、人物、發(fā)展過程和結(jié)局等環(huán)節(jié)，所選答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生義。一篇文章究竟應(yīng)加一個什么樣的 題目為最佳，主要取決于文章的內(nèi)容，英語文章標(biāo)題的特點(diǎn)一般多以短語或簡單句為主。 （ 2）尋找重要的事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)，不是所有的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)都重要，那些與中心思想有關(guān)的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)才重要。例如： Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 和 clean意思相對的便是“骯臟的”了，因此可猜出句中 grubby的意思是“骯臟的” （ 3）通過因果關(guān)系猜測詞義 because, since與 as是連接原因狀語從句的從屬連詞， so是連接表示結(jié)果的狀語從句的連詞， so...that與 such...that中的 that是連接結(jié) 果狀語從句的。 （ 7）根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法知識猜測詞 義 根據(jù)學(xué)過的構(gòu)詞法知識，知道詞根和前綴或后綴的意義，就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。復(fù)讀時可邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標(biāo)記，把有關(guān)的人物、事件、時間、地點(diǎn)、起因（即 5W： who, what, when, where, why）劃出來。對那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然圈定。 要注意的是，改正原來選定的答案，一定要慎之又慎。 二 . 推理判斷題 既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思，又要求學(xué)生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)。第一題中 Mr Smith是成人，須買 3塊錢的門票，他一個 14歲的兒子需買 2塊錢的門票，另一個不滿 12歲 的兒子可免票，所以 Mr Smith先生需花 5塊錢， B是正確答案。此類題往往與文章沒有直接關(guān)系，學(xué)生只能憑自己的常識進(jìn)行判斷，然后做出符合規(guī)律的正確選擇。（請寫關(guān)鍵信息，句式不限。議論文論證某一觀點(diǎn)是否正確，由論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)與論證構(gòu)成。包括名詞、代詞、冠詞、動詞等詞類和短語。 （ 3）降低對單詞本身詞義的考查要求，注重考查對全文意義的理解。這種題型歸納起來有如下特點(diǎn)： 1. 在整份試卷中所占的分值較重，占 10－ 15分，長度一般在 130－ 200個單詞左右?？疾橐詫?shí)詞為主，兼顧虛詞和語法結(jié)構(gòu)、難點(diǎn)主要集中在根據(jù)上下文正確判斷詞的用法上。所以，第一步應(yīng)通讀全文，了解大意。先快速閱讀全文，可使我們對文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)和中心思想有個基本的了解。 （ 4）重讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案 在全部空格補(bǔ)全以后，一定要根據(jù)填好的答案重讀全文，看文章是否流暢，前后是 否矛盾，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否無誤。 （ 4）通讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。