【正文】 ley and Sons, New York, NY, p. 291, 1996.[8] Tool Materials, ed. J. R. Davis, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, , 1995.[9] K. M. McHugh, “Microstructure Transformation Of SprayFormed H13 Tool Steel During Deposition and Heat Treatment,” Solidification 1998, Edited by S. P. Marsh, J. A. Dantzig, R. Trivedi, W. Hofmeister, M. G. Chu, E. J. Lavernia, and Chun, The Minerals, Metals, amp。%.Figure 2. Calculated particle and gas behavior in nozzle and free jet regions.(a) Velocity profile.(b) Solid fraction.ChemistryThe chemistry of H13 tool steel is designed to allow the material to withstand the temperature, pressure, abrasion, and thermal cycling associated with demanding applications such as die casting. It is the most popular die casting alloy worldwide and second most popular tool steel for plastic injection molding. The steel has low carbon content ( wt.%) to promote toughness, medium chromium content (5 wt.%) to provide good resistance to high temperature softening, 1 wt% Si to improve high temperature oxidation resistance, and small molybdenum and vanadium additions (about 1%) that form stable carbides to increase resistance to erosive wear[8]. Composition analysis was performed on H13 tool steel before and after spray , summarized in Table 1, indicate no significant variation in alloy additions.Table 1. Composition of H13 tool steel Element C Mn Cr Mo V Si Fe Stock H13 Bal.Spray Formed H13 Bal. MicrostructureThe size, shape, type, and distribution of carbides found in H13 tool steel is dictated by the processing method and heat treatment. Normally the mercial steel is machined in the mill annealed condition and heat treated (austenitized/quenched/tempered) prior to use. It is typically austenitized at about 1010176。 Tooling State of the Industry 1998 Worldwide Progress Report, Terry T. Wohlers, Wohlers Associates, Inc., p. 22, 1998.[3] Kevin M. McHugh, “Fabrication of Tooling Inserts Using RSP Tooling Technology,” Proceedings of Moldmaking ‘99 Conference, Communication Technologies, Inc. Columbus, OH, May, 1999, p. 383.[4] B. Hewson, J. Folkestad, and K. M. McHugh, “Qualifying Rapid Solidification Process Tooling: Justifying Cutting Edge Technology,” Proceedings of Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing ‘99 Conference, The Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Dearborn, MI, April, 1999, .[5] Master Unit Die QuickChange Systems, Greenville, MI[6] Cotronics Corporation, Brooklyn, NY.[7] E. J. Lavernia and Y. Wu, Spray Atomization and Deposition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, p. 291, 1996.[8] Tool Materials, ed. J. R. Davis, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, , 1995.[9] K. M. McHugh, “Microstructure Transformation Of SprayFormed H13 Tool Steel During Deposition and Heat Treatment,” Solidification 1998, Edited by S. P. Marsh, J. A. Dantzig, R. Trivedi, W. Hofmeister, M. G. Chu, E. J. Lavernia, and Chun, The Minerals, Metals, amp。其性能可以被人工老化或常規(guī)熱處理改變。表1給出的結論，說明在合金補充后沒有顯著的變化。表面粗糙度因成型表面的質(zhì)量而定。小水滴很容易被速度場干擾，在噴嘴內(nèi)加速噴嘴外減速。結果與討論噴射成形是一個有效的快速制造技術，它讓工具鋼注塑模具和沖壓模具的生產(chǎn)變得簡單。相成分通過能量分散光學（EDS）分析。為防止脫碳，每個涂有氧化硼的樣品都放置在一個密封的金屬箔包內(nèi)。使用數(shù)字化資料庫和RP技術可以很容易的修改設計上的內(nèi)容。緊接著是用噴射成形噴一層厚厚的工具鋼（或其它合金）沉積物在模板上的方式獲得所需的形狀、表面紋理和細節(jié)。噴射成形為降低成本和減少制造時間提供了巨大的可能性，省去了很多如加工、研磨、拋光的單步工序。加工工具鋼是資本密集型設備，因為個別加工步驟往往需要專門的加工設備。此外，快速凝固抑制碳化物的析出和增長、促使鐵素體工具鋼被人工老化，為代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)熱處理提供了獨特的益處。 畢業(yè)設計(論文)外文資料翻譯系　　部： 機械工程系 專 業(yè)： 機械工程及自動化 姓 名： 學 號： (用外文寫)外文出處：International Conference on Spray Deposition and Melt Atomization附 件： ；。噴射成形工具鋼H13描述了熱處理過程中的材料性能和微觀結構的轉變。另外，噴射成形提供了強有力的手段來抑制合金元素的凝固和碳化物的形成，在大多數(shù)鐵素體工具鋼中都能創(chuàng)造有利的亞穩(wěn)相。由此合成的金屬塊冷卻到室溫與模具分離。實驗步驟氧化鋁基陶瓷（Cotronics780[6]）是漿體通過硅橡膠模具或格式機冷凍模具鑄造的。把樣品放在400至700176。超范圍噴涂粉末的分析由麥奇克系列微粒分析器在來篩去200微米的粉末樣品覆蓋的粗糙表面。每個零件都是用快速原型機器通過陶瓷模板噴射成形的。在達到其終級速度后，較大的水滴（～150微米）因為其較大的動力受流場干擾較小。商業(yè)漿體生產(chǎn)的適合許多成型應用的鑄造陶瓷的表面粗糙度大約是1微米。表1 H13工具鋼的組成 化學成分