【正文】 al to be corrected in an online encyclopedia. But with the printed and bound encyclopedia, the errors remain for decades.Second, hacking. Online encyclopedias have recognized the importance of protecting their articles from malicious hackers. One strategy they started sing is to put the crucial facts in the articles that nobody disputes in a readonly facts in the articles are reliable. Another strategy that’s being used is to have special editors whose job is to monitor and changes made to the articles and eliminate those changes that are clearly malicious.Third, what’s worth knowing about? The problem for traditional encyclopedias is that they have limited space, so they have to decide what’s important and what’s not. And in practice, the judgments of the group of academics that make these decisions don’t reflect the great range of interests that people really have. But space is definitely not an issue for online encyclopedias. The academic articles are still represented in inline encyclopedias. But there can be a great variety of articles and topics that accurately reflect the great diversity of users’ interests. The diversity of use in topics that online encyclopedias offer is one of their strongest advantages. Integrated writing 7—wood certifications ReadingIn an effort to encourage ecologically sustainable forestry practices, an international organization started issuing certifications to wood panies that meet high ecological standards by conserving resources and recycling materials. Companies that receive this certification can attract customers by advertising their products as ecocertified. Around the world, many wood panies have adopted new, ecologically friendly practices in order to receive ecocertification. However, it is unlikely that wood panies in the United States will do the same, for several reasons.First, American consumers are exposed to so much advertising that they would not value or even pay attention to ecocertification label. Because so many mediocre products are labeled “new” or “improved”, American consumers do not place much trust in advertising claims in general.Second, ecocertified wood will be more expensive than uncertified wood because in order to earn ecocertification, a wood pany must pay to have its business examined by a certification agency. This additional cost gets passed on to consumersAmerican consumers tend to be strongly motivated by price, and therefore they are likely to choose cheaper uncertified wood products. Accordingly, American wood panies will prefer to keep their prices low rather than obtain ecocertification.Third, although some people claim that it always makes good business sense for American panies to keep up with the developments in the rest of the world, this argument is not convincing. Pursuing certification would make sense for American wood panies only if they marketed most of their products abroad. But that is not the caseAmerican wood businesses sell most of their products in the United States, catering to a very large customer base that is satisfied with the merchandise.ListeningWell, despite what many people say, there’s good reason to think that many American wood panies will eventually seek equal certification for their wood products.First off, consumers in the United State don’t treat all advertising the same. They distinguish between advertising claims that panies make about their own products and claims made by independent certification agencies. Americans have a lot of confidence in independent consumer agencies. Thus ecologically minded Americans are likely to react very favorably to wood products ecologically certified by an independent organization with the international reputation for trustworthiness.Second point, of course it’s true that American consumers care a lot about price. Who doesn’t? But studies of how consumers make their decisions show that price along determines consumers’ decisions only when the price of one peting product is much higher or lower than another. When the price difference between two products is small, say less than 5%, as this case with certified wood, Americans often do choose on factors other than price. And Americans are being increasingly convinced of the value of preserving and protecting the environment. And third, US wood panies should definitely pay attention to what’s going on in the wood business internationally, not because of foreign consumers, but because of foreign petition. As I just told you, there’s good chance that many American consumers will be interested in equal certified products. And guess what, if American panies are slow capturing those customers, you can be sure that foreign panies will soon start crowding into the American market, offering equal certified wood that domestic panies don’t. Integrated writing 8—the Chevalier ReadingToward the end of his life, the Chevalier de Seingalt (17251708) wrote a ling memoir recounting his life and adventures. The Chevalier was a somewhat controversial figure, but since he met many famous people, including kings and writers, his memoir has bee a valuable historical source about European society in the eighteenth century. However, some critics have raised doubts about the accuracy of the memoir. They claim that the Chevalier distorted or invented many events in the memoir to make his life seem more exciting and glamorous than it really was.For example, in his memoir the Chevalier claims that while living in Switzerland, he was very wealthy, and it is known that he spend a great deal of money there on parties and gambling. However, evidence has recently surfaced that the Chevalier borrowed considerable sums of money from a Swiss merchant. Critics thus argue that if the Chevalier had really been very rich, he would not have needed to borrow money.Critics are also skeptical about the accuracy of the conversations that the Chevalier records in the memoir betwee