種群及其基本特征(1)-文庫(kù)吧在線文庫(kù)
【正文】 tables summarize the fate of a group of individuals born at approximately the same time from birth to the end of the life cycle. Such a group is known as a cohort同生群 and investigation of this kind is termed cohort analysis. Life tables show the number of individuals present at different life stages or ages together with agespecific survival rates and agespecific mortality rates calculated from each stage. Mortality at each stage is expressed by kvalues which are derived from logarithms and can be summed to give total mortality. 藤壺的生命表 2/)( 1??? xxx nnL ???ix xiLTLx：在 x 期到 x +1 期間平均存活數(shù)目 =( lx + lx+1 )/2 Tx：在 x 期限后的平均存活數(shù)的累計(jì)數(shù) =ΣLx K因子分析 KFactor Analysis ? A statistical treatment of population data designed to identify factors most responsible for change in population size. ? The technique allows that the identification of key factors contributing to mortality. Stagespecific kvalues obtained over successive years are pared to the values for total mortality (ktotal). KFactor analysis highlights those stages suffering the greatest mortality which are responsible for fluctuations in loss rate and hence population size. microsporidian 小孢子蟲的 存活曲線 Survivorship Curve ? Survivorship is the converse of mortality. Survivorship data are often shown as a survivorship curve for a particular population。這種情況在魚類中是比較常見的。 = 020040060080010001200140016000 5 10 15 20 25 30 35箬竹潛蛾的每葉潛道數(shù)分布 y = (x) + R178。如一株樹有許多樹枝。4 種群及其基本特征 Population and Its Basic Characteristics ? 種群的概念 The concept of population ? 種群動(dòng)態(tài) Population dynamics ? 種群的密度和分布 Population density and distribution ? 種群統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué) Population demography ? 種群的增長(zhǎng)模型 Population growth model ? 自然種群的數(shù)量變動(dòng) Fluctuation of natural populations 4 種群及其基本特征 Population and Its Basic Characteristics ? . 5 生態(tài)入侵 Ecological invasion ? 種群調(diào)節(jié) Population regulation ? 外源性種群調(diào)節(jié)理論 Exogenous population regulation theory ? 內(nèi)源性種群調(diào)節(jié)理論 Endogenous population regulation theory ? 集合種群動(dòng)態(tài) Metapopulation dynamics ? 概念和術(shù)語(yǔ) Concepts and terms ? 集合種群理論的意義與應(yīng)用 Significances and applications of metapopulation theory ? [教學(xué)目的 ] ? 了解種群及其有關(guān)名詞概念；了解研究種群動(dòng)態(tài)的基本方法；種群密度及其相關(guān)概念；種群的內(nèi)分布型類及相關(guān)概念；掌握種群的群體特征及其相關(guān)概念；掌握種群增長(zhǎng)模型 (兩種 )。并且構(gòu)件數(shù)很不相同，隨著環(huán)境的變化而變化。 = y = (x) + R178。性別發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變往往比終生保持一種性別能在生殖上獲得更大的好處，因?yàn)閷?duì)改變性別的個(gè)體來(lái)說(shuō)，它無(wú)論是在小而弱時(shí)，還是在大而強(qiáng)時(shí)，都能得到生殖的機(jī)會(huì)。 a graph showing the proportion of survivors on a logarithmic scale through each phase of life. There are three generalized patterns of agespecific survivorship depending on whether the probability of dying is h
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