【正文】 ay that sth. is your faultHe is ready to take the blame for what had happened.⑤ put the blame on怪在……身上It’s no use blaming our defeat on him. 13. look into 調(diào)查，了解，研究，瀏覽，向…里看 We’ll look into the case as soon as possible. But now the authority is looking into the cost of modifying all of its windows. The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now looking into the matter.look around。 look on。ve been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.The doctor instructed me to stay in bed.The old workers instruct us not only in words but deeds.☆ instruction: detailed directions on procedure。用作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞大多來(lái)自及物動(dòng)詞；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞能作表語(yǔ)的只限于少數(shù)表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞，如go, e, assemble等，它們用在連系動(dòng)詞之后，表示完成意義，無(wú)被動(dòng)意義。3. 我們可以看到被陽(yáng)光照亮的月球的一部分.4. 經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)激動(dòng)和無(wú)眠的夜晚之后，第二天我強(qiáng)迫自己在海濱走了很久.5. 早在1649年,俄亥俄州就決定在每一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)建立免費(fèi)的、由稅收支持的學(xué)校。 United Jack。 put an end to sth.I’m determined to put an end to all these rumours.3. construction n. 建造，建設(shè)，構(gòu)筑 The construction of the dam took several years. The new bridge is still under construction. under construction / repair / discussion在建設(shè)中4. contribute vt. amp。例如：a retired worker=a worker who has retiredan escaped prisoner=a prisoner who has escapeda faded / withered flower=a flower that has faded / witheredfallen leaves=leaves that have fallenthe risen sun=the sun that has just risena returned student=a student who has returnedvanished treasure=treasure that has vanishedb) 用作后置定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞通常也來(lái)自及物動(dòng)詞，表示被動(dòng)意義和完成意義。two married womena found umbrellaa used stampfallen leavesa novel written by Jimthe letter sent to our boss2過(guò)去分詞具有被動(dòng)或完成的含義。link…with /to把…與相連接16. announce① to make known publicly。 look like。 get / be out of control。 draw a conclusion。戴上。增加 put out熄滅(燈)。 reach a conclusion What conclusion did you e to / reach / draw / arrive at? From these facts we can draw some conclusions about how the pyramids were built.Step 2 Reading1. defeat ① vt. to win a victory over someone in a war, petition, game ，戰(zhàn)勝，使受挫I’ve tried to solve the problem, but it defeats me!Our team defeated theirs in the game.② ，輸 failure to win or succeedThis means admitting defeat.They have got six victories and two defeats.[辨析]win, beat與defeat① win “贏得”賽事、戰(zhàn)事、某物；后接人時(shí)，意為“爭(zhēng)取贏得…的好感或支持；說(shuō)服”② beat “戰(zhàn)勝”“擊敗”比賽中的對(duì)手，可與defeat互換We beat / defeated their team by 10 scores.They won the battle but lost many men.The local ball team won the state championship by beating / defeating all the other teams.I can easily beat /defeat him at golf.He is training hard to win the race and realize his dream of being a champion at the 2008 Olympic Games.2. expert ① n. someone who has a special skill or special knowledge of a subject專家，能手 an expert in psychology an agricultural expert ② a. having special skill or special knowledge of a subject熟練的，有專門技術(shù)的 an expert rider an expert job需專門知識(shí)的工作 He is expert in / at cooking. 找教案 3. attend vt. amp。 lose control of。 look over瀏覽，過(guò)目一遍。 to give information using a loudspeaker, esp. at an airport or railway station。What’s the language spoken in Germany?They decided to rebuild the damaged bridge.3過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)?？蓴U(kuò)展為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。這時(shí)過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。 vi捐獻(xiàn)，貢獻(xiàn)，捐助 Everyone should contribute what he r she can afford. contribute to有助于，促成 contribute sth. to把…捐贈(zèng)給…,給…投稿，為…貢獻(xiàn) make a contribution to為…做貢獻(xiàn)找教案 All this contributed to our success. He contributed five million dollars to the Red Cross. He contributed some articles to the newspaper. Fresh air and exercise can contribute to good health. from 除…之外（還有）I ate everything apart from the soup.(except)What do you like doing apart from swimming?(besides)Period 5 Using language (Grammar)Step I Prereading1. Talk about the center of the solar system.“Do you know what is the center of the solar system?” Ask the students to look at the pictures on pages 7. And remind them of the mon knowledge of “SunCentered Theory”.2. Talk about Copernicus .We know the first scientist is Copernicus. He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it. Step II Reading1. Read through the passage, and tell whether the following statements are true or false. (1) At Copernicus’ time, Christian Church was in charge of many western countries. (T)(2) Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appear in front of or behind the earth. (F)(3) Copernicus didn’t show his new theory to his friends until he pleted it. (T)(4) His friends were not interested in his ideas. (F)(5) Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it. (F)(6) Newton, Einstein, and Hawking are all scientists who made contribution to the study of the universe. (T)2. Read carefully and try to draw the two theories of the universe. This time the students are encouraged to read the passage carefully and then do the exercises and problems on pages 7. Encourage the students to fulfill them quickly and correctly. And check the answers together. Before Copernicus’ theoryShowing Copernicus’ theoryA diagram showing the solar system with the Earth at its centreA diagram showing the solar system with the Sun at its centreStep IV language pointsUsing language1. lead to Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disaster. All roads lead to Rome. Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. His work leads to success in the end.2. Only放句首的倒裝 Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay riseOnly when the war was over was he able to get back to work.3. make sense講得通，有意義。 he’s really enthusiastic about it.5. be cautious of / about 對(duì)…謹(jǐn)慎，慎重(帶有提防、遲疑的心理) She is cautious of hurting his feelings. He was cautious about mitting himself. The bank wa