【正文】 late is that he got up late.二. that is why/because(1) That is why ...是常用句型,其中why引導的從句在句中作表語,該句型通常用于針對前面已經(jīng)說過的原因進行總結(jié)。That fact is that more than seventy percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water.連接詞that一般不能省略，但當主句中含動詞do的某種形式時，that可以省略。表語從句一般放在系動詞之后,結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+系動詞+表語從句”。 decided。 estimated。 quite。（2） It is +形容詞+從句It is necessary that … 有必要……It is clear that … 很清楚……It is likely that … 很可能……It is important that … 重要的是……類似的形容詞還有：strange。3 用連接代詞引導的主語從句(在由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導的名詞性從句中，其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用，擔當一定成分).What you need is more practice.你所需要的是更多的訓練。試比較：1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. 2. The news that you told us is really encouraging.② that的功能不同：that引導同位語從句時是一個純連詞，不充當任何成分；而引導定語從句時，不僅起連接作用，而且還指代先行詞并在從句中充當主語、賓語等成分。there are very few but understand his idea. ( but= who don39。t believe.（他只有一個哥哥）3）某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的介詞+關系詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關系副詞when ,where和why 互換如：This is the house in which I lived two years ago.　This is the house where I lived two years ago.　Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?　Do you remember the day when you joined our club? This is the reason why he came late. This is the reason for which he came late.五．限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句舉例： china is a country which has a long history.如果這名詞是可數(shù)的,則必須在名詞前加不定冠詞a(an). 常見的形式是:such a (beautiful)garden, such(nice)people. 五、讓步狀語從句 讓步狀語從句是指在句子中作讓步的狀語的句子連接詞： though, although.，whether…or not難點：though, although當“雖然”講, 都不能和but連用. Although/though… (still) 連用. 所以thought (although)…yet(still)的格式是正確的.Wrong: Although he is rich but he is not happy. Right : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.雖然他很富有, 然而他并不快樂.Right : Although we have grown up, our parents treat us as childrenRight : Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children.盡管我們已經(jīng)長大了,可是我們的父母仍把我們看作小孩.although, though 辨析 although不能作并列連詞，although不能作副詞，放在詞尾表示強調(diào)時要用even though.Even though I didn’t under a word, I kept smiling. 盡管典型例題 1） ___she is young, she knows quite a lot.　 A. When　B. However　 C. Although　 D. Unless 2)　ever if, even though.　即使 We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 3) whether…or not　 不管……都 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. no matter 從句結(jié)構(gòu)：no matter +特殊疑問詞疑問詞+陳述語序 或特殊疑問詞+后綴ever+陳述語序 No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 替換：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 注意：no matter 不能引導主語從句和賓語從句。結(jié)果狀語從句連接詞 so…that, such…that, so much/many…that引導。連接詞：由連詞because, since, as引導, 也可由for, now that 等詞引導 didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.2. Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting. 既然。 3. 由since引導的時間狀語從句。(表轉(zhuǎn)折，對比，when, as都不能代替它) While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.外星人買紀念品時，那女孩給警察打了電話。when＝and then。 While 引導的從句的謂語動作必須是延續(xù)性的，并強調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生（或者相對應）。主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時?！　±纾篢o masked who could give the message to her mother.　　Do you know what he said just now? I wondered how old his brother was. ：“主現(xiàn)則從任，主過則從過，客觀真理一般現(xiàn)”1．當主句是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r的時候，賓語從句可以用所需要的任何時態(tài)。賓語從句一． 定義：賓語從句是指在一個句子中充當賓語的句子 如：He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.二． 賓語從句有三種類型： 1．由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句表示陳述意義，連詞that?？杀皇÷浴?．主句是過去時，賓語從句一般只能用過去時的某種形式；當從句敘述的是客觀事實或一般真理時，賓語從句仍然用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago. (還可以用作介詞，本句從句還可以用短語：since three years ago(自三年前以來)表示。并且while有時還可以表示對比。 at that moment (正在那個時候)while 用于時間較長時 強調(diào)兩個動作同時進行，并表示對比時有時這三個連詞可以互換，有時不可以。(表示主句，從句的動作同時發(fā)生，while后引導的狀語從句的動詞必須是延續(xù)動詞不能是點動詞，因為它表示較長時間)Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as (when/ while) father was away.媽媽擔心，因為小愛麗絲病了，特別是他父親不在家的時候。since引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。3. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. 既然。1. so…that 如此…以至于He always studied so hard that he made great progress.2. so that