張惠娟副教授mszhj@163com-文庫吧在線文庫
【正文】 過程 15 ? 控制卡 ?Special cards that tell the resident monitor which programs to run $JOB $FTN program to be piled（ 源程序卡疊） $LOAD $RUN data for program（ 數(shù)據(jù)卡疊） $END Batch Systems 16 ?Problem Slow Performance： I/O and CPU could not overlap ?Solution ?Multiprogrammed Batch Systems speed up putation by loading jobs into memory from tapes and card reading and line printing done offline. Batch Systems 17 ? Multiprogrammed Batch Systems Several jobs are kept in main memory at the same time, and the CPU is multiplexed among them. Batch Systems 18 ? 對操作系統(tǒng)提出的新要求： ?I/O routine supplied by the system. ?Memory management – the system must allocate the memory to several jobs. ?CPU scheduling – the system must choose among several jobs ready to run. ?Allocation of devices. Batch Systems 19 ? Problem 提高了資源利用率，但缺少人機交互性。 ?Online system must be available for users to access data and code. 21 PersonalComputer Systems ?Personal puters – puter system dedicated to a single user. ?I/O devices – keyboards, mice, display screens, small printers. ?User convenience and responsiveness. Can adopt technology developed for larger operating system’ often individuals have sole use of puter and do not need advanced CPU utilization of protection features. 22 23
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