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fdi對(duì)我國(guó)企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新能力影響的實(shí)證研究畢業(yè)論文-文庫吧在線文庫

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【正文】 個(gè)溢出過程同技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的發(fā)生過程有著很多的類似之處, FDI 的溢出途徑包括 :示范、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、鏈接以及培訓(xùn)等,而創(chuàng)新的 10 王偉光 .中國(guó)工業(yè)行業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的實(shí)證研究 (19%一 1999)[J].沈陽師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2020, l:57 一 62 培訓(xùn) 競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 鏈接 示范 能力 市場(chǎng) 技術(shù) 技 術(shù) 創(chuàng) 新 創(chuàng)新激勵(lì) 創(chuàng) 新 源 技 術(shù) 進(jìn) 步 FDI 流入 FDI 溢出的途徑 FDI 溢 出效果 激勵(lì)系統(tǒng)包括 :技術(shù)、市場(chǎng)、能力等,而這其中示范效應(yīng)和鏈接效應(yīng)的結(jié)果就直接導(dǎo)致了技術(shù)機(jī)會(huì)的變化,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)效應(yīng)的結(jié)果則與市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化相對(duì)應(yīng),培訓(xùn)效應(yīng)則帶來了東道國(guó)企業(yè)的能力 的變化。 進(jìn)一步的研究發(fā)現(xiàn) ,當(dāng)行業(yè)中來自于 FDI 企業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力過高或過低均不利于 FDI 的后向關(guān)聯(lián)溢出。文化創(chuàng)新是指企業(yè)內(nèi)部共有的基本價(jià) 2 李垣等,基于價(jià)值管理中的企業(yè)創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建 []J,《中國(guó)軟科學(xué)》, 2020 年第 12 期 值觀念和一系列行為準(zhǔn)則的演進(jìn),形成支持持續(xù)價(jià)值創(chuàng)新、戰(zhàn)略 創(chuàng)新的組織氛圍并影響員工行為。其中包括很多的創(chuàng)新元素,可以表現(xiàn)為市場(chǎng)創(chuàng)新、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新、組織創(chuàng)新、營(yíng)銷創(chuàng)新和方法創(chuàng)新等,各種創(chuàng)新元素之間相互作用,相互融合,企業(yè)創(chuàng)新呈現(xiàn)集成化趨勢(shì)。從文獻(xiàn)來看,對(duì)于溢出機(jī)制的研究多數(shù)基于溢出機(jī)制本身的研究,主要關(guān)于其是否存在,以及效應(yīng)的分析。另一方面,隨著我國(guó)外商投資環(huán)境日益完善,外商直接投資出現(xiàn)新的特征:獨(dú)資化、本土化和并購(gòu)迅速發(fā)展 。這既表明外商投資正全面融入我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)之中 ,有利于加強(qiáng)外資與中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的聯(lián)系,擴(kuò)大 FDI 技術(shù)外溢效應(yīng)。而基 于創(chuàng)新的 FDI 溢出機(jī)制研究涉足尚少,更沒有形成一個(gè)體系。創(chuàng)新過程還與外部環(huán)境進(jìn)行相互的信息、能量的交換,促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新集成呈現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)性發(fā)展。 3 FDI 溢出效應(yīng)的影響因素 相對(duì)于其他研究而言,東道國(guó)政府最關(guān)心的問題是什么情況下最有利于 FDI 溢出正效應(yīng)的產(chǎn)生,國(guó)外方面, Smarzynska( 2020) 3認(rèn)為外資所有權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)、技術(shù)差距、市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向、地理距離、吸收能力是影響溢出的主要因素, Girma( 2020) 4認(rèn)為市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向在其中起了重要的作用, Javorcik( 2020) 5將其歸因于外資來源地、市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向、外資所有權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)。 3 Smarzynska, .. Spillovers from foreign investment through backward linkages:Does technology gap matter?, preliminary Publication,2020, 4 Girma, Sourafel, Holger G, Mauro pisu. The role of exporting and linkages for productlvity spillover, Nottingham research Paper series,2020,30. 5 Javorcik Beata Smarzynska., 2020. Does Foreign Dircet Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers through Backward Linkages. The American Economic Review, , ., pp. 605 一 627. 6 Jabbour,L., Muechielli, transfer through vertical linkages: The case of the Spanish manufacturing industry, Joumal of Applied Economies, 2020, 10:115 一 136. 7 周燕,齊中英,基于行業(yè)特征的外商直接投資溢出效應(yīng)分析 [J],中國(guó)軟科學(xué), 2020( 9): 142~ 147 8 賴明勇,包群 .《外商直接投資與技術(shù) 外溢:基于吸收能力的研究》,《經(jīng)濟(jì)研究》 . 2020 第 8 期 . 9 許和連,魏穎綺,賴明勇,外商直接投資地后向鏈接溢出效應(yīng)研究 [J],管理世界, 2020( 4): 24~ 32 4 FDI 溢出效應(yīng)與技術(shù)創(chuàng)新理論的結(jié)合 研究 綜述 現(xiàn)代創(chuàng)新理論正是在熊彼特創(chuàng)新理論的基礎(chǔ)上衍生和發(fā)展起來的。同時(shí),東道國(guó)的政策環(huán)境對(duì)于 FDI 的流入有著一定程度的影響,而其自身能力又對(duì)各種效應(yīng)的發(fā)生起著制約作用。(3)進(jìn)入 21 世紀(jì)以來,國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者和海外華裔學(xué)者針對(duì)中國(guó)的研究逐漸增多 。Economics Society Intemational . [9] Girma, Sourafel, Holger G, Mauro pisu., 2020, “The role of exporting and linkages for productivity spillover”, Nottingham research Paper series, Vol. 30. [10] Glass, Amy J., Kamal Saggi., 1998, “Intemational Technology Transfer and the technology Gap”, Joumal of Development Economics, , PP36998. [11] Grossman, G. and Helpman, E., 1991, “Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy”, The MIT Press. [12] Jabbour,L., Muechielli, ., 2020, “Technology transfer through vertical linkages: The case of the Spanish manufacturing industry”, Joumal of Applied Economies, , PP115 一 136. [13] Javorcik Beata Smarzynska., 2020, “Does Foreign Dircet Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers through Backward Linkages”, The American Economic Review, , . pp. 605 一 627. [14] Kathuria,V., 2020, “Productivity Spillovers from Technology transfer to Indian Manufacturing Firms” , Joumal of lntemational Development, . [15] Kokko,A., 1992, Foreign direct investment, host country characteristics and spillovers, The Economics Research Institute, Stockholm. [16] Lall, S., 1980, “Vertical InterFirm Linkages in LDCs: An Empirical Study”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, , PP203206. [17] MacDougall, , The Benefits and Costs of Private Investment from Abroad: A Theoretical Approach[J], Economic Record, ,1996:13~35. [18] Mansfield Edwin, Schwartz, Mark and Wagner Smuel., 1981, “Imitation Costs and Patents: An Empirical Study”, The Economic Joumal. [19] Moran, TH., 2020, Parenial Supervision: The New Paradigm of Foreign Direct Investment and Development. Washington DC: Institute for intemational Economics. [20] Narula, R. and Marin,A., 2020, FDI Spillovers, Absorptive Capacities and Human Capital Development: Evidence from Argentina, MERIT Research Memorandum. [21] Sinani, Meyer, ., 2020, “Spillovers of Technology Transfer from FDI:the Case of Estonia”, Joumal of Comparative Economics. [22] Smarzynska, ., 2020, “Spillovers from foreign investment through backward linkages:Does technology gap matter?”, Preliminary Publication. [23] UNCTAD, World Investment Report 2020: Promoting Linkages, United Nations Conference on Trade and . [24] 安同良,施浩, Ludovico Alcorta, 2020: 《中國(guó)制造業(yè)企業(yè) Ramp。 [31] 周燕,齊中英, 2020:《基于行業(yè)特征的外商直接投資溢出效應(yīng)分析》,《中國(guó)軟科學(xué)》第 9期。國(guó)內(nèi)外的學(xué)者對(duì)跨國(guó)公司技術(shù)的外 溢已有諸多的研究,國(guó)際理論界的主流觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為,國(guó)際范圍內(nèi)的技術(shù)擴(kuò)散已經(jīng)成為技術(shù)進(jìn)步的重要源泉。本文主要通過理論與實(shí)證相結(jié)合的方式來分析FDI 的溢出效應(yīng)及其對(duì)我國(guó)企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新能力的影響。 筆者選取中國(guó)期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 —— CNKI 作為樣本來源,因?yàn)?CNKI 是國(guó)內(nèi)最權(quán)威的學(xué)術(shù)理論數(shù)據(jù)庫,其所收集的刊物 種類齊全、范圍廣泛、層次分明。Economics Society Intemational , 2020 [9] Girma, Sourafel, Holger G, Mauro pisu. The role of exporting and linkages for productlvity spillover, Nottingham research Paper series,2020,30. [10] Glass, Amy J., Kamal Saggi. Intemational Technology Transfer and the technology Gap. Joumal of Development Economics, 1998, 55(2):36998. [11] Grossman, G. and Helpman, E. Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy [M], The MIT Press, 1991 [12] Jabbour,L., Muechielli, transfer through vertical linkages: The case of the Spanish manufacturing industry, Joumal of Applied Economies, 2020, 10:115 一 136. [13] Javorcik Beata Smarzynska., 2020. Does Foreign Dircet Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers through Backward Linkages. The American Economic Review, , ., pp. 605 一 627. [14] Kathuria, Spillovers from Technology transfer to Indian Manufacturing Firms[J] .Joumal of lntemational Development, 2020(12). [15] . Foreign direet investment, host country characteristics and spillovers.[J]. The Economics Research Institute, Stockholm, 1992. [16] Lall, S. Vertical InterFirm Linkages in LDCs: An Empirical S
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