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外文翻譯--未來(lái)汽車制動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的新技術(shù)及其發(fā)展趨勢(shì)-汽車設(shè)計(jì)-文庫(kù)吧在線文庫(kù)

  

【正文】 提高。有了 SBC 和 EPS,駕駛員在控制行駛中的汽車時(shí)就可以減少很多困難。隨著電子控制傳動(dòng)、懸架系統(tǒng)及轉(zhuǎn)向裝置的發(fā)展,將產(chǎn)生電子控制系統(tǒng)之間的聯(lián)系網(wǎng)絡(luò),從而產(chǎn)生一些新的功能,如:采用電子控制的離合器可大大提高汽車靜止啟動(dòng)的效率;在制動(dòng)過(guò)程中,通過(guò)輸入一個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)命令給電子懸架系統(tǒng),能防止車輛的俯仰。如凱西 海斯 (KH)公司在一輛 實(shí)驗(yàn)車上安裝了一種電 液 (EH)制動(dòng)系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)徹底改變了制動(dòng)器的操作機(jī)理。其次是控制系統(tǒng)失效處理。 綜上所述,現(xiàn)代汽車制動(dòng)控制技術(shù)正朝著電子制動(dòng)控制方向發(fā)展。借助于攝影機(jī)、近距雷達(dá)和先進(jìn)的遙控導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng),可使未來(lái)的汽車沿著道路自動(dòng)行駛。 In applies the brake in the process, through inputs an actuation order for the electronic system, can prevent the vehicles dealing with. Some intelligent control technology like nerve work control technologies are the present quite new control technologies, already some people its application in automobile brake control system. ABS/ASR certainly cannot solve all problems which the automobile applies the brake to hit. Therefore further develops by ABS/ASR evolves the electronic control braking system (EBS), this will be a control system development important direction. But EBS must want in to be actual applies, certainly is not a simple question. Besides the technology, the system cost and the correlation laws and regulations are its investment application key. After more than 100 years development, the automobile braking system form basic fixedly has already gotten down. Along with the electron, specially largescale, the ultra large scale integrated circuit development, the automobile braking system form also will change. If Hayes (KH) the pany has installed one kind of electricity fluid on an experimental vehicle (EH) the braking system, this system pletely changed the brake operation mechanism. Through uses 4 proportions valves and the electric power electronic control, KH Corporation39。 Theoritically speaking, entire controlled process wheel skidding rate is not maintains in the best slipping rate, achieved by no means best applies the brake the effect. Moreover, because establishment logic threshold ABS has many limitations, in recent years therefore has developed the vehicles dynamics control system in the ABS foundation (VDC). Union dynamics control best ABS is take the slipping rate as control goal ABS, it is by continuously measures the types of control, causes to apply the brake in the process best to maintain, the stable slipping rate, theoretically is one kind of ideal ABS control system. The slipping rate control difficulty lies in determined under each kind of state of roads the best slipping rate, another difficulty is the vehicles speed survey question, it should be the low cost reliable technology, and finally can develop into the use product. Speaking of take the slipping rate as goal ABS, the control precision certainly is not the extremely prominent question, and achieved the high accuracy the control quite is also difficult。有一個(gè)巨大的現(xiàn)有及潛在的汽車市場(chǎng)的吸引,各種先進(jìn)的電子技術(shù)、生物技術(shù)、信息技術(shù)以及各種智能技術(shù)才不斷應(yīng)用到汽車制動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)中來(lái)。系統(tǒng)一旦出現(xiàn)故障,立即發(fā)出信息,確保信息傳遞符合法規(guī)最適合的方法是多重通道分時(shí)區(qū) (TDMA),它可以保證不出現(xiàn)不可預(yù)測(cè)的信息滯后。 全電制動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)全新的系統(tǒng),給制動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)了巨大的變革,為將來(lái)的車輛智能控制提供條 件。但是 EBS 要想在實(shí)際中應(yīng)用開(kāi)來(lái),并不是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題。車輛制動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展主要是控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展。 SBC 在此顯示了強(qiáng)大的動(dòng)態(tài)性和精確性。在未來(lái)測(cè)控一體化的電控制 動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中,電子元件將替代當(dāng)前制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中大量使用的機(jī)械元件,調(diào)壓器也不再需要,取而代之的是用傳感器來(lái)測(cè)量制動(dòng)主缸內(nèi)的壓力以及制動(dòng)踏板運(yùn)動(dòng)的速度,并將這些資料用電子脈沖的形式傳送到 SBC 的處理器中。 SBC 就是使用電子脈沖,將駕駛員的制動(dòng)命令傳送到一個(gè)微處理器中,由它同步處理各種不同傳感器信號(hào),并根據(jù)特定行駛狀態(tài)計(jì)算每一個(gè)車輪的最優(yōu)制動(dòng)力?,F(xiàn)在,多種魯棒控制系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用到 ABS 的控制邏輯中來(lái)。 目前,車輛防抱制動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng) (ABS)已發(fā)展成為成熟的產(chǎn)品,并在各種車輛上得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用,但是這些產(chǎn)品基本都是基于車輪加、減速門限及參考滑移率方法設(shè)計(jì)的。附錄 A 未來(lái)汽車制動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的新技術(shù)及其發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 從汽車誕生時(shí)起,車輛制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)在車輛的安全方面就扮演著至關(guān)重要的角色。方法雖然簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用,但是其調(diào)試比較困難,不同的車輛需要不同的匹配技術(shù),在許多不同的道路上加以驗(yàn)證;從理論上來(lái)說(shuō),整個(gè)控制過(guò)程車輪滑移率不是保持在最佳滑移率上,并未達(dá)到最佳的制動(dòng)效果。除傳統(tǒng)的邏輯門限方法是以比較為目的外,增益調(diào)度 PID 控制、變結(jié)構(gòu)控制和模糊控制是常用的魯棒控制系統(tǒng),是目前所采用的以滑移率為目標(biāo)的連續(xù)控制系統(tǒng)。這樣,當(dāng)在拐彎或者濕滑路面上制動(dòng)時(shí),SBC 能提供比傳統(tǒng)制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)更好 的主動(dòng)安全性。為了讓駕駛員能夠有相似的制動(dòng)感覺(jué),工程師們開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)特別的模擬器,將它連接到前后制動(dòng)主缸上,用彈簧力和液壓力來(lái)推動(dòng)制動(dòng)踏板。正是由于有來(lái)自 SBC 高壓儲(chǔ)能器更快、更 精確的制動(dòng)脈沖,ESP 才能在車輛即將脫距行駛軌道時(shí),及時(shí)、平穩(wěn)將其穩(wěn)定下來(lái)。一方面是 擴(kuò)大控制范圍、增加控制功能;另一方面是采用優(yōu)化控制理論,實(shí)施伺服控制和高精度控制。除技術(shù)外,系統(tǒng)的成本和相關(guān)的法規(guī)是其投入應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵。要想全面推廣,還有不少問(wèn)題需要解決:首先是驅(qū)動(dòng)能源問(wèn)題。 TTP/C 協(xié)議是根據(jù) TDMA 制定的。同時(shí)需要各種國(guó)際及國(guó)內(nèi)的相關(guān)法規(guī)的健全,這樣裝備新的制動(dòng)技術(shù)的汽車就會(huì)真正應(yīng)用到汽車的批量生產(chǎn)中。 Because road surface and vehicles state of motion change very big, the many kinds of disturbing effect is bigger, therefore the important question lies in t
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