【正文】 achieve automation. CNC machine tool as a replacement procedures, we can achieve another work piece machining automation, so that single pieces and small batch production can be automated, it has been called flexible automation. high precision machining parts, the size dispersion of small, easy to assemble, no longer needed repair. processes can be realized more focused, in part to reduce the frequent removal machine. have automatic alarm, automatic control, automatic pensation, and other selfregulatory functions, thus achieving long unattended processing. derived from the benefits of more than five.Such as: reducing the labor intensity of the workers, save the labor force (one can look after more than one machine), a decrease of tooling, shorten Trial Production of a new product cycle and the production cycle, the market demand for quick response, and so on.These advantages are our predecessors did not expect, is a very major breakthrough. In addition, CNC machine tools or the FMC (Flexible Manufacturing Cell), FMS (flexible manufacturing system) and CIMS (Computer Integrated Manufacturing System), and other enterprises, the basis of information transformation. NC manufacturing automation technology has bee the core technology and basic technology., the macro view of the necessity From a macro perspective, the military industrial developed countries, the machinery industry, in the late 1970s, early 1980s, has begun a largescale application of CNC machine tools. Its essence is the use of information technology on the traditional industries (including the military, the Machinery Industry) for technological transformation. In addition to the manufacturing process used in CNC machine t ools, FMC, FMS, but also included in the product development in the implementation of CAD, CAE, CAM, virtual manufacturing and production management in the implementation of the MIS (Management Information System), CIMS, and so on. And the products that they produce an increase in information technology, including artificial intelligence and other content. As the use of information technology to foreign forces, the depth of Machinery Industry (referred to as information technology), and ultimately makes their products in the international military and civilian products on the market petitiveness of much stronger. And we in the information technology to transform traditional industries than about 20 years behind developed countries. Such as possession of machine tools in China, the proportion of CNC machine tools (CNC rate) in 1995 to only percent, while Japan in 1994 reached percent, every year a large number of imports of mechanical and electrical products. This also explains the macro CNC transformation of the need.Third, CNC machine tools and production lines of the transformation of the market , CNC transformation of the market My current machine total more than 380 million units, of which only the total number of CNC machine tool 113,400 Taiwan, or that China39。 because some high energy consumption, low pass rate products incur losses, but some have introduced a longer time, and the need for technological upgrading. Some of the causes of the equipment did not create wealth, but consumption of wealth. These can not use the equipment, production lines is a burden, but also a number of significant assets in stock, wealth is repaired. As long as identifying the main technical difficulties, and solve key technical problems, we can minimize the investment and make the most of their assets in stock, gain the greatest economic and social benefits. This is a great transformation of the market. Fourth, NC transformation of the content and gifted missing , the rise of foreign trade reform In the United States, Japan and Germany and other developed countries, and their machine transform ation as new economic growth sector, the business scene, is in a golden age. The machine, as well as technology continues to progress, is a machine of the eternal issue. China39。 可以實(shí)現(xiàn)加工的自動(dòng)化，而且是柔性自動(dòng)化，從而效率可比傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床提高3～7倍。以上這些優(yōu)越性是前人想象不到的，是一個(gè)極為重大的突破。而我們?cè)谛畔⒓夹g(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)方面比發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家約落后20年。用這種裝備加工出來(lái)的產(chǎn)品普遍存在質(zhì)量差、品種少、檔次低、成本高、供貨期長(zhǎng)，從而在國(guó)際、國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)上缺乏競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，直接影響一個(gè)企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品、市場(chǎng)、效益，影響企業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展。這些不能使用的設(shè)備、生產(chǎn)線是個(gè)包袱，也是一批很大的存量資產(chǎn)，修好了就是財(cái)富。從事再生業(yè)的著名公司有：Bertsche工程公司、ayton機(jī)床公司、DevliegBullavd（得寶）服務(wù)集團(tuán)、US設(shè)備公司等。但有些特殊情況，如高速主軸、托盤(pán)自動(dòng)交換裝置的制作與安裝過(guò)于費(fèi)工、費(fèi)錢(qián)，往往改造成本提高2～3倍，與購(gòu)置新機(jī)床相比，只能節(jié)省投資50％左右。而在錐齒輪的情況中各回轉(zhuǎn)軸線互相不平行。斜齒輪輪齒的初始接觸是一點(diǎn)，當(dāng)齒進(jìn)入更多的嚙合時(shí)，它就變成線。當(dāng)兩個(gè)或更多個(gè)單向齒斜齒輪被在同一軸上時(shí)，齒輪的齒向應(yīng)作選擇，以便產(chǎn)生最小的軸向推力。然而當(dāng)該齒的斜角不相等時(shí)，如果兩個(gè)齒輪具有相同齒向的話，大斜角齒輪應(yīng)用作主動(dòng)齒輪。單包圍機(jī)構(gòu)就是蝸輪包裹著蝸桿的一種機(jī)構(gòu)。僅就滾齒而言就可達(dá)一級(jí)精度。這樣的齒輪機(jī)構(gòu)叫做準(zhǔn)雙曲面齒輪機(jī)構(gòu)，因?yàn)樗鼈兊墓?jié)面是雙曲回轉(zhuǎn)面。心軸也是軸，既可以旋轉(zhuǎn)也可以靜止的軸，但不承受扭轉(zhuǎn)載荷。這樣，它是一個(gè)檢驗(yàn)已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)好了的軸的或者發(fā)現(xiàn)具體軸在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中發(fā)生損壞原因的好方法。這是一個(gè)靜力學(xué)問(wèn)題。各種強(qiáng)制接觸離合器之間最大的區(qū)別與夾爪的設(shè)計(jì)有關(guān)。這些離合器通常用彈簧加載，以使得在達(dá)到預(yù)定的力矩時(shí)釋放。這些磁極板之間有磁粉混合物潤(rùn)滑。 that is ,a righthand driver goes with a righthand driven. In the design of crossedhelical gears, the minimum sliding velocity is obtained when the helix angle are equal. However, when the helix angle are not equal, the gear with the larger helix angle should be used as the driver if both gears have the same hand.Worm gears are similar to crossed helical gears. The pinion or worm has a small number of teeth, usually one to four, and since they pletely wrap around the pitch cylinder they are called threads. Its mating gear is called a worm gear, which is not a true helical gear. A worm and worm gear are used to provide a high angularvelocity reduction between nonintersecting shafts which are usually at right angle. The worm gear is not a helical gear because its face is made concave to fit the curvature of the worm in order to provide line contact instead of point contact. However, a disadvantage of worm gearing is the high sliding velocities across the teeth, the same as with crossed helical gears.Worm gearing are either single or double enveloping. A singleenveloping gearing is one in which the gear wraps around or partially encloses the worm.. A gearing in which each element partially encloses the other is, of course, a d