【正文】 the system in the way above, the results are 177。 face rockfill dam Introduction At present , in the quality management of filling construction of the face rockfill dam， the quality control method of “dual controls”is mainly adopted, of which one is manually controling the parameters of roller paction including thickness and roughness of filling layer and rolled times and rolled speed o f paction machines,the other is inspecting the test hole sampling manually in the area. The method play a positive role in promoting domestic development of concrete faced rockfill dam. How ever, the traditional manual management mechanism can＇ t meet the demands of mo dern mechanized construction and schedule anymore, with increasing of scale of con crete face rockfill dam. Concrete faced rockfill dam of Shuibuya project in Qing jiang River of Hubei Province, China,ranking first in dam height of the same type in the world, is as high as 233 m. The project has a total filling volume of 1. 6 107 m3 and more than 6105 m3 for peak filling volume of a single month, so demands much more to control the quality of filling construction of the dam. For the sake of superviseing the filling construction quality quickly in time, it is very important to develop a supervisory system of the construction quality of the roller paction for filling engineering, which has characteristics of realtime, continuity , automation and high precision. T he supervisory system has a great meaning for improving the const ruction quality of Shuibuya project . As a brandnew technology of modern spatial satellites navigation and position ing system,GPS has g radually replaced the normal optical and electrical surveying equipment in more and more fields. Since 1980s, especially after 1990s,GPS techno logy has lead the spatial positioning technology , bining with modern muni cation technology， to a revolutionary change. The method for simultaneously determ ineing three dimensional coordinates by GPS has changed the traditional positioning technology from land with inshore to entire ocean and outer space, from statics to kinematics, from point positioning to work difference, from afterwards processing to realtime positioning and navigation, and absolute and relative positioning pr233。 integrated system。 ( 12) cm, which fully meets the control needs of thick ness and roughness of filling layers. 3) Stability of the system. Because the filling construction of modern face rock fill dam lasts allweathered 24hours without break, and many roller paction machines work simultaneously, it is required that the supervisory center,work relay station and each mobile terminal of the system work stably for a long time. Because of the fixed set of supervisory center and work relay station, if there is surely provision of work power, and without manual destruction and incorrect manipulation, there is no problem for running on normal condition. But the mobile terminal set in the roller paction machine not only suffers from the vibration effect of roller,but also is incorrectly manipulated easily when the driver suffers from work tiredness, therefore, the stability design of integrated system unit of mobile terminal bees a key problem. 4) Powersupply way. Because the reference station is set in the supervisory center, powersupply of its GPS host, radio of emission and reception, and superviso ry puter has no problem. As involving each mobile terminal, it refers to the powersupply problems of GPS host , radio of emission and reception, plat form puter and fan for heat emission etc. Experiment work takes outset accumulator jars to provide power,which can ensure work in a short time, but can not be used in a long time work of project , so there is need to use the roller paction machine to supply power in the formal operation of system. The problem key of powersupply is practicality and to ensure that it doesn39。該方法 對 國內(nèi)混凝土堆石壩 的發(fā)展具有積極的推動作用 。通過 GPS 技術(shù)同時確定三維坐標的方法已經(jīng) 從 具有 近海 安的陸地 至整個海洋和 外層空間 ,從靜力學(xué)到運動學(xué) ,從 單點定位到 網(wǎng) 區(qū)分 ,從后處理 到 實時定位和導(dǎo)航 改變了傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)， 并且 由于絕對和相對點位精度已經(jīng)達到米級、厘米級、亞毫米級， GPS 的應(yīng)用和影響領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)擴大到各行各業(yè)。 監(jiān)控中心 監(jiān)控中心是此系統(tǒng)的心臟，它將 GPS 參考站的微分數(shù)據(jù)輸入到 GPS移動電臺， 同時，通過無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸連續(xù)實時地接受由移動電臺反饋的位置信息。以上的方法叫做差分 GPS 技術(shù)。移動終端會連續(xù)實時地向監(jiān)控中心反應(yīng)有效的觀測結(jié)果。安裝在工程監(jiān)控車里的移動終端和安裝在碾壓機里德移動終端是類似的。制定監(jiān)控中心和網(wǎng)絡(luò)中繼站的制度是為了滿足完全自動化以及主要集中在移動終端的零件進行手動操作的需要。 5)許多移動終端全天候 24 小時工作?？紤]到經(jīng)濟性以及可行性，此系統(tǒng)采 用 無線頻率增廣通信技術(shù) 達到實時地向每個移動終端站傳輸參考站的差分 GPS 數(shù)據(jù)，實時地向監(jiān)控中心反應(yīng)每個移動終端的三維位置信息并在間隔一秒的時間支持點位的信息。但是在碾壓機的移動終端設(shè)備不僅遭受滾轉(zhuǎn)機的震動效應(yīng)，而且司機工作倦怠時的不正確操作，因此， 移動終端 的 集成系統(tǒng)單 元的穩(wěn)定性設(shè)計 成了一個關(guān)鍵問題。網(wǎng)格法是像網(wǎng)格的小方 塊的列矩陣，由距離加權(quán)平均法和最小二 乘法曲面擬合 計算每個網(wǎng)格點的高程。以上采用距離加權(quán)法，分別計算三組數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)格點的高程。其他網(wǎng)格點也可以用這種方式連續(xù)計算。電力提供的關(guān)鍵問題是實際性的并且確保這并不會確保系統(tǒng)設(shè)備，用這種方式，設(shè)計和生產(chǎn)獨家功率器件和相關(guān)電纜導(dǎo)體和適配器接頭 。通過分析，高程精度能夠達到 177。 2 該系統(tǒng)設(shè)計到得關(guān)鍵問題以及解決方法 1)軋制參數(shù)的實時監(jiān)控。由于 GPS RTK 技術(shù)采用的數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)以及設(shè)定在水布埡工程的移動終端和 GPS 參考站之間的距離不得超過 3 千米，以致水平精度達到 177。系統(tǒng)的觀測數(shù)據(jù)是連續(xù)的，在間隔一秒的時間里的處理結(jié)果能夠足夠滿足系統(tǒng)里的監(jiān)控數(shù)據(jù)連續(xù)性的需要。它的主要工作是進行 GPS 移動觀測工作和監(jiān)控現(xiàn)場質(zhì)量。 1)安裝在碾壓機里德移動終端 安裝在碾壓機里的移動終端主要包括集成系統(tǒng)單元， GPS 接收機天線和無線通信天線。通過訪問監(jiān)控中心的信息，監(jiān)察人員就能夠在監(jiān)察辦公室實時掌握工程施工和施工質(zhì)量的現(xiàn)狀。結(jié)合工程的要求以及此系統(tǒng)的特征，本論文主要討論此系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成、關(guān)鍵技術(shù)、方案設(shè)計， 分析 GPS 系統(tǒng)的高精度問題，并且對 GPS 系統(tǒng)的初步應(yīng)用進行了研究。 為了及時地監(jiān)督大壩的填筑施工質(zhì)量，為灌裝工程開發(fā)一個碾壓方面的工程質(zhì)量監(jiān)督系統(tǒng)是非常重要的，這個系統(tǒng)具有實時、連續(xù)、自動化和高精度的特點。1. 30 cm respectively. The increase of searching circle radius improves the height accuracy of system, but not obviously . It is known as the height accuracy of the systemtest achieves 1. 4 cm, it fully meets the need of quality control for paving thickness and roughness of filling layers. 4 Preliminary application of the system Because the development of GPS realtime supervisory system in the construc tion of face rockfill dam is a pioneer in our country , and there are no relevant reports around the world,so there are no available experience for imitating. In this way, during the system development , the panel of development go deep into construction site for many