【正文】
連的生活史為主線,以他兩次戀愛的成敗為推動(dòng)情節(jié)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵,用單線發(fā)展的方法,選擇維里埃爾市,貝尚松神學(xué)院、巴黎侯爵府三個(gè)典型場(chǎng)景,由遠(yuǎn)及近,由小及大,由低到高,把復(fù)辟時(shí)代廣闊的社會(huì)生活和復(fù)雜的政治斗爭(zhēng)形勢(shì)集中地反映了出來。我想,這份感情其實(shí)于連自己也沒有意識(shí)到吧。還有一處是于連從富凱那離開去到他的小巖洞。不論是寫環(huán)境,還是人物的外貌和心理,都精確得當(dāng),體現(xiàn)不一樣的背景和特色。最后,《紅與黑》語言簡(jiǎn)潔、精確。他羨慕它的這種力量,也羨慕它的這種孤獨(dú)。雷納爾夫人曾經(jīng)向我描繪過的一樣”。心理獨(dú)白正是在這個(gè)意義上成為現(xiàn)代小說的基本技巧之一。想到自己有一種責(zé)任要履行,想到如果達(dá)不到目的,他就會(huì)成為人們的笑柄,或者更確切地說,會(huì)使自己產(chǎn)生自卑感,他心中原有的歡樂,頃刻間便消失得無影無蹤了。這種手法的首要特征是削減物質(zhì)世界的干擾盡量,寫得簡(jiǎn)潔,運(yùn)用大段的內(nèi)心獨(dú)白和細(xì)致的心理分析方法。拉莫爾侯爵府是上層社會(huì)的寫照,這里是巴黎上流社會(huì)的活動(dòng)中心之一,也是“陰謀和偽善的中心”。神學(xué)院是社會(huì)的另一個(gè)縮影,它像監(jiān)獄一樣陰森可怕。雖然于連的心里一直瞧不起這樣的人,但是他始終覺得需要忍耐,總有一天會(huì)飛黃騰達(dá),維里埃爾市長(zhǎng)只不過是他成功的一個(gè)踏板而已。在《紅與黑》中,作者緊密聯(lián)系具體而典型的環(huán)境(維里埃爾的家、雷納爾市長(zhǎng)家、貝尚松神學(xué)院和拉莫爾侯爵府)描寫人物性格,揭露了復(fù)辟王朝時(shí)期的腐敗、黑暗以及貴族和平民之間的尖銳矛盾,為于連性格的滋生、發(fā)展、完成也提供了強(qiáng)有力的環(huán)境依據(jù)。是感動(dòng),也是激動(dòng)和難忘,書中人物性格各異,但是每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)都能深入讀者的心靈,讓讀者的心境也融入到書中情節(jié)中去。believe only what I have seen for , happiness, fame, all is upon it.” Futurity call it realism creation France, Stendhal was the first litterateur to reveal corruption of the bourgeoisie through novel marks the beginning of Gide said that The Red and the Black was a novel ahead of its time, that it was a novel for readers in the twentieth Stendhal’s time, prose novels included dialogue and omniscient narrator descriptions。 back to: 追溯到。: a public official who charges sb with a crime and tries to show that he/she is guilty in a court of ,檢察官,原告。: not liking change。: the head of the Roman Catholic church.(天主教的)教皇。: sex between a married person and who is not her/his 。(of a person’s temper, etc)aquable,,扁平的,心平氣和的。: a person who owns land, especially a large area of ,土地所有者。: receive(property, rank, title, etc)by legal descent or 。: any of various diurnal birds of prey of the 。:(used about a person)too proud of your own appearance, abilities, ,自負(fù)的。: a large church that is the most important one in a 。: a machine that was used in France in the past for cutting people’s ,斷頭臺(tái)。: a room for one or more prisoners in a prison or police ,單間牢房。s political aristocrat is born German Switzerland that mayor is restores the dynasty in here highest representative, the maintenance restoration political power, prevents the bourgeoisie free party member is in power in politics regards as the inherent collection post manager Valno the promise originally is the petty bourgeois, as a result of hires oneself the church secret organization saint can obtain the now the fat difference, thus oneself with restoration political power hitch in same hall Father Maslon is the spy which the church sends, all people39。s most brilliant and human creationand one of the greatest characters in European really enjoyed this many reviewers, I feel the book does transcend people and culture today, puters and all, are a lot like those in Stendhal39。首先,正如他的創(chuàng)作作品總是形象鮮明地反映十九世紀(jì)二十年代法國(guó)王政復(fù)辟時(shí)期的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)和歷史特征一樣,斯丹達(dá)爾借助《紅與黑》再現(xiàn)十九世紀(jì)三十年代的法國(guó)。他認(rèn)為故鄉(xiāng)的一切都禁錮、僵化著他豐富的想象力。最終,在雷納爾市長(zhǎng)家,于連始終保持著自己的反抗意識(shí),并在自己的“責(zé)任”意識(shí)下尋找著自己成功的機(jī)會(huì)。書中記敘了于連的好朋友富凱的來訪,那次拜訪給于連留下深刻的印象。個(gè)人野心支配著他的一切行動(dòng),直到他發(fā)現(xiàn)貴族階級(jí)對(duì)平民存在根本的敵視之后,又恢復(fù)了反抗精神,寧死也不肯妥協(xié)。當(dāng)女仆埃莉莎向雷納爾夫人談及她的婚事時(shí),她覺得自己是病了,一種類似高燒的癥狀攪得她徹夜難眠。雷納爾夫人墜入情網(wǎng)時(shí)的那種喜悅、痛苦、懺悔而又不甘放棄幸福的復(fù)雜心里的展現(xiàn),也令人拍案叫絕。在這個(gè)主體框架中,作者又穿插了眾多的回憶性片斷,人物、情節(jié)、環(huán)境,都緊緊圍繞于連的個(gè)人奮斗互相交織,組成一個(gè)完美無瑕的藝術(shù)整體。另外,作者精心布局,巧妙構(gòu)思,設(shè)置了幾個(gè)預(yù)言性場(chǎng)面,從而大大增強(qiáng)了文章結(jié)構(gòu)的緊密性。因?yàn)楦粍P建議于連與他一起做木材生意,并許下了很高的金額?!都t與黑》不是一部單純的愛情小說,是“最強(qiáng)烈的現(xiàn)實(shí)小說”,深刻地揭示了法國(guó)社會(huì)矛盾的種種復(fù)雜的現(xiàn)實(shí)關(guān)系,是法國(guó)批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的開山之作,在藝術(shù)上取得的很高成就也是有目共睹的。這種復(fù)雜的心境描寫,也是從另一個(gè)隱秘的角度為于連英年早逝斷送前程的命運(yùn)作出鋪墊吧。他發(fā)現(xiàn)一只鷹從他頭頂上的巨大巖石間飛過,它的飛行既安詳平穩(wěn),又強(qiáng)健有力,深深震撼著他的心