臺(tái)灣休閑農(nóng)業(yè)課程教材生態(tài)系統(tǒng)(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 以組成食物網(wǎng)。 食草動(dòng)物 食肉動(dòng)物 Topdown or bottomup? It has been argued that the earth is green and vegetated because herbivore numbers are regulated by their predators (topdown control), whilst all other trophic levels are regulated by petition for resources (bottomup control). This simple model is attractive but of doubtful value. Herbivore species are highly constrained in the range of plant tissue they can eat, due to plant defences, and hence may be level, plants are not energylimited but space limited, so any space cleared by herbivory opens opportunities for more plants. 相關(guān)主題 捕食的性質(zhì)（見 J1） 初級(jí)和次級(jí)生產(chǎn)力（見 P2）捕食行為和獵物反應(yīng)（見 J2）群落格局、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的捕食（見 Q3）群落、結(jié)構(gòu)和穩(wěn)定性（見 Q1） 組成成員和過程（見 P1）寄生的性質(zhì)（見 K1） Related topics The mature of predation (J1) Primary and secondary production Predator behavior and prey (P2) response (J2) The munity, structure and The nature of parasitism (K1) stability (Q1) Components and processes (P1) Community patterns, petition and predation (Q3) 謝謝觀看 /歡迎下載 BY FAITH I MEAN A VISION OF GOOD ONE CHERISHES AND THE ENTHUSIASM THAT PUSHES ONE TO SEEK ITS FULFILLMENT REGARDLESS OF OBSTACLES. BY FAITH I BY FAITH 。一個(gè)營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)的成員與鄰近營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)的成員之間的相互關(guān)系可以用食物鏈來描述。相反，像碳一樣的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物，就能被再利用。 Community productivity can bi related to the standing crop that produces it by paring the ratio of productivity (P) to standing crop biomass (B). The resulting P:B ratios ( kg produced year1 kg1 standing crop) average for forests, for other terrestrial systems, and for aquatic munities. An alternative way of looking at P:B ratios would be to define biomass in terms of weight of living tissue, which would reduce these large differences between munities. However, accurate measurement of the proportion of biomass alive is difficult. Relationship of productivity to biomass 次級(jí)生產(chǎn)力 次級(jí)生產(chǎn)力的定義是異養(yǎng)有機(jī)體的新生物量的生產(chǎn)速率。 相關(guān)主題 初級(jí)和次級(jí)生產(chǎn)力（見 P2） 群落、結(jié)構(gòu)和穩(wěn)定性（見 Q1）食物鏈（見 P3） 群落格局、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和捕食（見 Q3） Related topics Primary and secondary production The munity, structure and (P2) stability (Q1)
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