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機(jī)械類、模具類外文翻譯英文譯文(存儲(chǔ)版)

  

【正文】 nd dies. The tools are ground to an appropriate surface finish and a final hardness of 60HRC. schematically shows punch and die set used in this study. For the airpressing, the punch has been bored out and high pressure air line was connected. This arrangement was used to produce internal airpressure of maximum 110 kgf/cm2. The geometry of the punch and die, especially their profile radii, are the major variables in deep drawing processes. It has been shown [8] that for a punch nose radius, rp, that is less than twice the thickness of the blank, to, the cups fail due to tearing, while for punch nose radius that is Larger than 10 to stretching may be introduced. In addition, within the region 439。關(guān)鍵詞: 拉深、內(nèi)部空氣壓、極限拉深比(LDR),鋁1050 。拉深成形是一種無(wú)折皺平板過(guò)渡成杯形局部變薄的工藝。除了形狀的變化和工藝條件,對(duì)材料的變形能力,還有有無(wú)故障這都取決于成形極限。但是,如果板料尺寸過(guò)大,當(dāng)拉深超過(guò)拉深強(qiáng)度時(shí)工件將拉裂。圖2顯示的本次研究所用的拉深機(jī)。在拉深過(guò)程中拉深速度是一個(gè)重要因素,過(guò)大的速度可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致拉深件的起皺或模具損傷斷裂;速度不足從而降低了生產(chǎn)速度。上述數(shù)字表明了,高拉深極限比是在高的內(nèi)部空氣壓力獲得的圖5解釋來(lái)為什么高氣壓能獲得高的拉深極限比。對(duì)于本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行,用高空氣壓保證了高拉深極限比,拉深極限比的提高在于凸模圓角半徑出板料應(yīng)變集中得到緩解。材料可以在空氣壓下更好的拉深,因此,在空氣壓下,鋁板比鋼板塑性更加突出。圖4顯示的是鋁1050增加空氣壓力的變化。與此同時(shí),圓角半徑在410倍是卻不能顯示影響拉深極限比。2實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程,表1為其材料參數(shù)。凸模剛好向下沖程板料進(jìn)入凹模型腔。 Kawai et al., 1992。 Lange,1985年),因?yàn)椴牧现g的關(guān)系,模具設(shè)計(jì)和測(cè)試參數(shù)等,合金系統(tǒng)可能會(huì)改變相對(duì)應(yīng)的深拉性能。這個(gè)想法可能是導(dǎo)致這一目標(biāo)過(guò)程中使用特殊的沖壓拉深,可以在高施加壓力板的內(nèi)部表面變形。(LOR), is monly used to provide a measure of the drawability of sheet metal, being the ratio of maximum blank diameter to punch diameter under the drawing limit without failure(Thomas and Dadras, 1981。 FAX: +82515121722Engineering Research Center for Net Shape and Die Manufacturing, Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Korea.(Manuscript Received August 7, 2000。 Yossifon and Tisosh, 1991。 to rp 101介紹鋁合金板的成形性能不如中性鋼板。在設(shè)計(jì)和控制拉深過(guò)程不僅取決工件的材料,而且還取決于工件表面狀態(tài),塑性變形力和使用的設(shè)備。拉深極限比通常是用來(lái)表示金屬板料的拉深能力,即是拉深件的最大板直徑與最終拉深后的直徑比在成功的拉深條件下,從所周知一個(gè)高的塑性各項(xiàng)異值(r值)清楚地代表了更好的拉深性能,通過(guò)提高抵抗板料的變薄性能。第一次變形發(fā)生在凹模圓角半徑與凸模圓角半徑部分,因?yàn)檫@是模具不受摩擦約束的部分。這個(gè)壓力機(jī)的最大載重量為50噸,沖壓速度1mm/s~15mm/s,在這沖壓過(guò)程中,凸模安裝在下方,而凹模安裝在上面,沖壓的壓邊力和沖壓的行程指標(biāo)由計(jì)算機(jī)提供。在本研究中4mm/s的速度是拉深最合適的速度,壓邊力需要選擇為最低限度的力,以防止拉深件的起皺,在一系列的測(cè)試中發(fā)現(xiàn)350kgf為最合適,在實(shí)驗(yàn)中安排沖床沖壓與變量測(cè)試同時(shí)進(jìn)行,逐步增加空氣壓力,直到找到最大壓力其不在影響拉深性能的,每次測(cè)試是重復(fù)2至3次取其平均值,所以實(shí)驗(yàn)如圖3所示進(jìn)行操作。圖6展示了板料在過(guò)渡成拉深件的厚度變化在氣壓70MPa,在凸模的圓角半徑處隨空氣壓力的下降而該局部應(yīng)變一直集中在這一部分,因此,拉深的厚度變化程度在減少得到證實(shí)。從上述措施表明,空氣壓的方法也有可能提高其他金屬合金板料的拉深極限比。雖然實(shí)驗(yàn)研究獲得的拉深極限比并不是在最佳的條件下進(jìn)行的,但該趨勢(shì)表明了使用內(nèi)空氣壓獲得高的拉深極限比是很有優(yōu)勢(shì)的。3結(jié)果與討論為了研究空氣壓對(duì)拉深性能的影響,拉深極限比可從各工序條件獲得,為了拉深極限比,板料的最大直徑,這是計(jì)算直徑低于該板料將被拉深成功及關(guān)于拉深件出現(xiàn)拉裂的關(guān)鍵。凸、凹模的幾何形狀,尤其它們的圓角半徑是拉深過(guò)程的主要考慮因素,在[8]說(shuō)明了當(dāng)凸模圓角半徑的值不不超過(guò)板料厚度的兩倍,則在拉深是不會(huì)拉裂,而當(dāng)凸模的圓角半徑大于板料厚度的10倍是,則拉深不能順利流動(dòng)。 本篇文章介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)方法和結(jié)果。(投稿日期2000年8月7日,經(jīng)修訂的2001年1月30日)圖1是一個(gè)杯形件模具示意圖,顯示了凸模、凹模和壓邊,以及部分已成形杯狀。 Thiruvarudehelvan and Loh, 1993。其中鋁合金在沖壓車間的成形的明顯差異以被觀察得到(Roger,1991年。這項(xiàng)工作的目的是通過(guò)研究放寬傳統(tǒng)拉深限制,在拉深的進(jìn)出中,內(nèi)部使用空氣壓的可能性,目的在于提高拉深比。limiting drawing ratio39。 Lange, 1985) because the relationship between the material, die design and test parameters, etc., versus the deep drawability may change with alloy systems. While many of the general metallurgical and die design principles that promote enhanced deep drawing are understood, the researches to improve the formability of aluminum sheet are still insufficient. Deep drawing is a process for shaping flat sheets into cupshaped articles without fracture or excessive localized thinning.t First Awhor? Corresponding Author,Email: yhmoonTEL: +82515102472。 Thiruvarudehelvan and Loh, 1993。 to the radius does not significantly affect the limiting drawing ratio(LOR). Therefore, according to the thickness of the blank, the most suitable shoulder radii for the dies and punches were selected to be 6mm with a constant punch diameter of . Test procedureA proper drawing speed is important for the deep drawing process: excessive speeds can cause wrinkling or fracture in the formed part and damage of the tooling: while insufficient speeds reduce the rate of production. In this investigation a drawing speed of 4 mm/sec is found to be the most suitable speed. The blank holder force is ch
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