水稻開花期一些生理生化特性與品種抗旱性的關(guān)系(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 圖1 水分脅迫Vc含量、游離氨基酸總量和可溶蛋白質(zhì)含量與品種抗旱性的關(guān)系 The relationships between Vc content, total free amino acid content, soluble proteins in leaves and drought tolerance of cultivars圖2 水分脅迫下葉片MDA(A)含量及SOD(B)、CAT(C)、POD(D)活性與品種抗旱性的關(guān)系Fig. 2 The relationships between MDA content and activities of SOD, CAT, POD in rice leaves and drought tolerance of different cultivars2期 王賀正等：水稻開花期一些生理生化特性與品種抗旱性的關(guān)系 403 水分脅迫下水稻葉片SOD、CAT、POD活性與品種抗旱性關(guān)系從圖2B，C，D可以看出，開花期水分脅迫條件下，水稻葉片內(nèi)保護(hù)性酶SOD、CAT、POD活性比對(duì)照明顯增強(qiáng)，3種酶變化趨勢(shì)基本一致，其相對(duì)值都大于1。可溶性蛋白質(zhì)、游離氨基酸是細(xì)胞質(zhì)中參與滲透調(diào)節(jié)的重要有機(jī)溶質(zhì)，是逆境條件下植物抗逆形成的重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。其相對(duì)值與品種抗旱性呈正相關(guān)，相對(duì)值大小反映了不同品種抗旱性的差異。因此，在開花期通過(guò)測(cè)定以上幾個(gè)指標(biāo)，利用所建立的回歸方程通過(guò)各指標(biāo)的相對(duì)值使各品種的抗旱性得以量化，不僅使水稻開花期抗旱性的預(yù)測(cè)更簡(jiǎn)捷、快速，而且使抗旱性鑒定與利用研究具有預(yù)見性。因此，在對(duì)水稻進(jìn)行抗旱性鑒定中，應(yīng)從形態(tài)、生理、生化等眾多指標(biāo)中篩選出對(duì)抗旱性有顯著影響的幾個(gè)主要指標(biāo)，進(jìn)行綜合分析判斷才能更有效。水分脅迫導(dǎo)致植物體內(nèi)活性氧水平提高時(shí)，SOD、CAT、POD等酶類活性和抗壞血酸（Vc）等非酶類物質(zhì)增加，以保持體內(nèi)活性氧積累與清除系統(tǒng)的平 衡[13]。用Vc、游離氨基酸和MDA含量以及SOD活性的相對(duì)值4項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)通過(guò)最短距離法對(duì)所選用10個(gè)水、旱稻品種進(jìn)行聚類分析，可將10個(gè)品種劃分為3類：第一類是揚(yáng)旱1號(hào)、川旱4號(hào)，抗旱性最強(qiáng)；第二類是岡優(yōu)20汕優(yōu)63和岡優(yōu)527，抗旱性中等；其余為第3類，抗旱性最弱（圖3）。游離氨基酸和可溶性蛋白質(zhì)作為細(xì)胞內(nèi)重要的滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)，在開花期水分脅迫條件下，其含量均明顯高于對(duì)照（圖1B，C），總趨勢(shì)是抗旱性強(qiáng)的品種其相對(duì)值較大，其含量增加幅度較大，反之，抗旱性弱的品種，增加幅度較小。 統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法相對(duì)值為該指標(biāo)的水分脅迫下數(shù)值與對(duì)照條件下數(shù)值之比。旱處理于齊穗前20 d左右停止供水，并等距離安裝3個(gè)真空式土壤負(fù)壓計(jì)監(jiān)測(cè)土壤水分（中國(guó)科學(xué)院南京土壤研究所生產(chǎn)），埋設(shè)深度為陶土頭中心距土表10cm?！颈狙芯壳腥朦c(diǎn)】然而，究竟哪種機(jī)制起關(guān)鍵作用，或者說(shuō)何種物質(zhì)在哪個(gè)特定的時(shí)期起關(guān)鍵作用，尚有爭(zhēng)議。關(guān)鍵詞：水稻；水分脅迫；開花期；生理生化性狀Relationship Between Some Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics and Drought Tolerance at Rice Flowering Stage WANG Hezheng, MA Jun, LI Xuyi, LI Yan, ZHANG Rongping, WANG Renquan(Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130) Abstract: 【Objective】Rice may suffer serious water stress duringtheir growth period，which affects the process of physiological metabolic activitys. So scientists studied physiological and biochemical characteristics of drought tolerance in rice..【Method】Ten rice cultivars with different drought tolerances were used as experimental materials. Changes in ascorbic acid (Vc) content, free amino acid content, soluble protein content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and antioxidative enzyme activities were studied under both irrigation and drought conditions at the flowering stage. 【Result】 The results indicated that water stress increased contents of Vc , free amino acid , soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), c
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