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M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2007.[4]徐發(fā)越. 實(shí)用模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造手冊(cè)[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2006.[5]王孝培. 實(shí)用沖壓技術(shù)手冊(cè)[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2007.[6]李壯云,葛宜遠(yuǎn). 液壓元件與系統(tǒng)[M]. 北京:.[7][M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2007.[8]何存興. 液壓元件[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2005.[9]彭建聲,秦曉. 模具技術(shù)問(wèn)答[M]. 第二版. 北京:機(jī)械出版社,2007.[10]路甬祥. 液壓氣動(dòng)技術(shù)手冊(cè)[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2006.[11]徐政坤. 沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造[M]. 北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2005.[12]機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)師手冊(cè)編寫組. 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)師手冊(cè)[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2009.[13]官忠范. 液壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2006.[14][M]. 第五版. 上海:上??茖W(xué)技術(shù)出版社,2005.[15]Fitch,E. C. Hydraulic FailureAnalysis amp。 processing (smaller as well). Using this group of mould, notice the punch and concave die in stroke at the bottom of the gap, and cover springback and make the materials about 90 176。 deviation. In addition, CNC bending machine for quick pack mould ready, when you require bending many small batch spare parts, it is one of the unquestionable consider reason. mould Even though you have full shelf, do not assume that these mould moulds suitable for bought a new machine. Must be checked every one mold to wear, the method is to measure the punch frontend to Taiwan shoulder length and Taiwan shoulder length between. For general mold, each feet deviation should be in hospital inches, and total length deviation is not more than + inches. As for jingmo mould, each feet accuracy should be + inches, must not be more than the total precision CNC inches. The best jingmo mould in CNC bending machine, the conventional mould used to manually bending machine. Bending parts of side Hypothesis along one 5 x 10 feet of 1090 176。s final use, the known machine possibly occurs consider carefully first buys anything. workpiece The first one is worth considering important item is your production parts, the main point is buying a can finish machining task and workbench shortest, the minimum number of machines. Consider carefully material and the largest machining grades thickness and length. If a majority of work is thickness gauge, maximum length 16 10 inches of low carbon steel, so free bending force not greater than 50 tons. However, if engaged in a lot of bottom of forming, may be considered a 150 tonnage of machine tools. Ok, assuming the thickest material is 1/4 inch, 10 feet free bending need 165 tons, bottom bending (adjusted bending) will need at least 600 tons. If a majority of workpiece is 5 feet or shorter, number almost halve, which will greatly reduce the acquisition cost. Parts to determine the length of new machines specification is quite important. Flinch change In the same load, 10 feet machine table and the slider appear nao variable is 5 feet machine 4 times. This means that shorter machines need less gaskets adjustment, can produce qualified parts. Reduce gaskets adjusting preparation time shortened again. Materials brand is also a key factor. Compared with low carbon steel, stainless steel need load usually adds about 50 percent, while most of the brand of soft aluminum reduce 50%. You can always from bending machine manufacturers get machine tons, this table shows in decimal different thickness and different materials under each foot length required number estimation. Parts of the bending radius Using free warped, bending radius is concave die from the mouth times. In a free bending process, openings from should be metal material thickness of eight times. For example, using 1/2 inch opening from forming 16 gauge, lowcarbon steel parts bending radius about inches. If the bending radius nearly small to material thickness shall be bottom of forming. However, a bottom concave die forming equal pressure than free bending big 4 times the left and right sides. If less than bending radius material thickness, should be used in frontend fillet radius of less than material thickness of the punch, and turn to embossing bending method. So, need 10 times in liberty bending stress. Free bends, convex molding and according to 85 176。 本文所設(shè)計(jì)的不足之外主要是尺寸方面存在著差異,由于圖書館中的資料提供的數(shù)據(jù)都是相近的,而且都存在一定的范圍,而所要設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)據(jù)超出了這個(gè)范圍,這就導(dǎo)致所計(jì)算的一部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)源自于自己的估算,從而影響到折彎?rùn)C(jī)的總體尺寸設(shè)計(jì)。 本章小結(jié)本章為折彎?rùn)C(jī)為三梁二柱式的非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)備,它有兩根導(dǎo)柱,導(dǎo)柱的兩端通過(guò)過(guò)渡配合分別與上下梁相連,而在兩梁之間,裝有導(dǎo)向套的活動(dòng)梁在上面上下移動(dòng),且導(dǎo)柱與導(dǎo)向套之間為間隙配合,則要求導(dǎo)柱上面該段的表面粗糙度應(yīng)為 ,同時(shí)在導(dǎo)柱與上下梁配合的地方,要求用來(lái)連接并固定上下梁,則在導(dǎo)柱與上下梁相接觸的地方,為使導(dǎo)柱垂直于上下梁,應(yīng)使導(dǎo)柱上的該兩平面的粗糙度為 ,而對(duì)于其他表面的粗糙度達(dá)到 就能滿足要求。,壓住零件的部分僅為靠為側(cè)的三邊,中間部分由銑床銑成一長(zhǎng)為490mm,寬為282mm,該過(guò)程用粗銑就可完成。,粗磨面C、D、E、F和G,其余面均加工成最終所需要的尺寸。,從B面開(kāi)始粗車。查《機(jī)械制造工藝學(xué)》可得,加工的總余量為個(gè)加工余量之和,可求得總加工余量為6mm。3. 為了改善材料的力學(xué)物理性質(zhì),半精加工之后,精加工之前長(zhǎng)安排等熱處理工序。kW=驗(yàn)算其他工況時(shí),液壓的驅(qū)動(dòng)功率均小于或近于此值。油箱的容積一般取液壓泵額定流量的57倍,本設(shè)計(jì)中去7倍,故油箱的容積為:對(duì)于壓緊缸,在壓緊過(guò)程中,在達(dá)到該壓力后,油泵將停止對(duì)壓緊缸供油,則此時(shí)在壓緊缸回路上的壓力損失為0,則可將溢流閥2的壓力定為:則將溢流閥2的壓力調(diào)為6MP。再折彎?rùn)C(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng)中,采用兩個(gè)三位四通的電磁換向閥來(lái)控制兩回路的循環(huán)動(dòng)作。則壓緊缸在各工作階段的總機(jī)械負(fù)載可以算出,見(jiàn)表2:表2 壓緊缸各運(yùn)動(dòng)階段負(fù)載表 運(yùn)動(dòng)階段 計(jì)算公式 總的機(jī)械負(fù)載 下行 F=G 1039N 保壓 F=F 拉回 F=G 1039N而折彎缸在工作過(guò)程之中,折彎力始終垂直于零件的下表面,而方向又是不斷的變化,則折彎缸在工作過(guò)程之中,總的機(jī)械負(fù)載是一個(gè)變量,折彎?rùn)C(jī)構(gòu)在起始位置時(shí),折彎缸需要提供的推力最大,因此可假設(shè)折彎缸在工進(jìn)過(guò)程中的推力均為該值,即P=。其具體的型號(hào)為:YHG1E 63/36 x 200 L E1H L1 OY ——冶金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)液壓缸;HG1 ——雙作用活塞桿的第一種類型;E ——壓力級(jí)代號(hào),此處表壓力為16MP;63 ——缸徑,用ΦA(chǔ)L表示,單位為mm;200——行程,用ΦMM表示,單位為mm;L ——油口連接代號(hào),L表示螺紋連接;E1 ——安裝方式代號(hào),E1表示尾部單耳環(huán);H ——附加裝置代號(hào),H表示帶緩沖;L1 ——活塞桿端結(jié)構(gòu)代號(hào),L1表示為外螺紋;O ——介質(zhì)代號(hào),O表示為液壓油。小于選取的行程200mm。同時(shí)根據(jù)為螺紋的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)一耳環(huán)用來(lái)與推板上的鉸鏈相連,則由此可知折彎缸頭尾部耳環(huán)中心之間的距離為289+200+60=549mm,其中頭部耳環(huán)的中心到其底端面的距離為60mm。 折彎缸的選取通過(guò)折彎力的計(jì)算,以及折彎?rùn)C(jī)構(gòu)的確定,可知選用的折彎缸應(yīng)為雙作用的油缸。第4章 液壓部件的選型 油缸的選取 壓緊缸的選取通過(guò)壓緊力的計(jì)算,上梁和活動(dòng)梁的確定,可以用來(lái)選取壓緊缸的型號(hào)和相關(guān)的尺寸。則上梁在中心位置所受的彎矩最大為:KNm其彎矩圖如下圖所示: 上梁彎矩圖由于上梁為組焊件,則選用焊接性能好的A3作為材料,查《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)1》可得A3的屈服極限MP,取MP,安全系數(shù)為4,則上梁的許用強(qiáng)度為:MP。: 導(dǎo)柱彎曲變形示意圖 又有b=,a=,d=,c=,設(shè)總長(zhǎng)為l=。對(duì)該系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行受力分析得,系統(tǒng)受到壓緊力P,重力G,支撐力N以及導(dǎo)柱對(duì)上梁的彈力T1和T2,由于T1和T2為一對(duì)內(nèi)力,則T1= T2,又由鋼的密度為:ρ=,則將活動(dòng)梁與壓緊塊當(dāng)中規(guī)則的形狀來(lái)計(jì)算,可求得其重量為: N 因?yàn)閴壕o力為50KN,則重力遠(yuǎn)小于壓緊力,在計(jì)算過(guò)程之中,可忽略活動(dòng)梁與壓緊塊的重力,即認(rèn)為P=N。 活動(dòng)梁結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖三梁的確定已經(jīng)將折彎?rùn)C(jī)的具體結(jié)構(gòu)定出,同時(shí)將工作臺(tái)與地面的距離定為800mm,由此來(lái)確定機(jī)架的高度,同時(shí)機(jī)架的結(jié)構(gòu)為焊接式,則將機(jī)架的材料選為A3,機(jī)架的底座選長(zhǎng)740mm,寬720mm,高為25mm的鋼板,然后在平行于底板長(zhǎng)的方向上焊上兩垂直于底板的鋼板,為增加其強(qiáng)度,再在兩垂直鋼板之間焊上一鋼板,這樣從正上方看三塊鋼板,就形成了一個(gè)H的形狀,然后在三垂直底板的另一端焊接一長(zhǎng)720mm,寬286mm,厚20mm的鋼板,再在該鋼板上焊接兩根型號(hào)為8的槽鋼,用來(lái)連接下梁。機(jī)架、下梁和導(dǎo)柱的確定,就已經(jīng)定出了折彎?rùn)C(jī)的基本框架,活動(dòng)梁在導(dǎo)柱上移動(dòng),上梁固定在導(dǎo)柱的另一頭,又對(duì)于折彎?rùn)C(jī)來(lái)說(shuō),應(yīng)盡可能的