freepeople性欧美熟妇, 色戒完整版无删减158分钟hd, 无码精品国产vα在线观看DVD, 丰满少妇伦精品无码专区在线观看,艾栗栗与纹身男宾馆3p50分钟,国产AV片在线观看,黑人与美女高潮,18岁女RAPPERDISSSUBS,国产手机在机看影片

正文內(nèi)容

方程式賽車轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文(存儲(chǔ)版)

2025-07-27 14:49上一頁面

下一頁面
  

【正文】 156160164168172176180184188192196200圖62 優(yōu)化前轉(zhuǎn)角關(guān)系圖63 優(yōu)化后轉(zhuǎn)角關(guān)系通過梯形參數(shù)的試湊調(diào)整,內(nèi)外輪轉(zhuǎn)角度數(shù)從優(yōu)化前變化到了優(yōu)化后的效果,并將其數(shù)據(jù)與曲線直接導(dǎo)入excel表格,并在excel中作出阿克曼理論轉(zhuǎn)角關(guān)系,如圖62和63,紅色為阿克曼理論曲線,藍(lán)色為實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)向關(guān)系曲線,從圖中可以明顯看出兩條曲線有原來的重合度較小,變成了優(yōu)化后的重合度較高。第七章 結(jié)論本次設(shè)計(jì)首先采用傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法設(shè)計(jì)賽車轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng),然后嘗試以UG軟件為工具,探索出一整套新的較為快捷的轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法。在此次設(shè)計(jì)論文完成之際,我衷心的感謝三位老師在學(xué)習(xí)上的幫助。if the kingpin axis does not pass through the wheel center then side view kingpin offset is present,as in most motorcycle front distance measured offset is present,as in most motorcycle front distance measured on the ground from the steering axis to the center of the tire print is the trail (called caster offset in )Kingpin Front View GeometryAs mentioned in Chapter 17,kingpin inclination,spindle length,and scrub are usually a promise between packaging and performance factors to consider include:1. With a positive spindle length(virtually every car is positive as shown in Figure )the car will be raised up as the wheels are steered away from center.The more the kingpin inclination is tilted from vertical the more the car will be raised when the front wheels are effect always raises the car,regardless of which direction the wheel is steered,unless the kingpin inclination is true effect is symmetric side to side only if there is nocaster the following sectiong on Caster Angle.For a given kingpin inclination,a lenger positive spindle length will increase the amount of lift with steer.2. The effect of kingpin inclination and spindle length in raising the front end ,by itself,is to aid centering of the steering at low high speed any trail will probably swamp out the effect that rise and fall have on centering.3. Kingpin inclination affects the steercamber a wheel is steered,it will lean out at the top,toward positive camber,if the kingpin is inclined in the normal direction(toward the center of the car at the upper end).Positive camber results for both beft and rightband amount of this effect is small, but significant if the track includes tight turns.4. When a wheel in rolling over a bumpy road,the rolling radius is constantly changing,resulting in changes of wheel rotation gives rise to longitudinal forces at the wheel reaction of these forces will introduce kickback into the steering in proportion to the spindle the spindle length is zero then there will be no kick from this changes made in the last model of the GM”p”car(Fiero) shortened the spindle length and this resulted in less wheel kickback on rough roads when pared to early model”p” cars.5. The scrub radius shown in Figure is negative,as used on frontwheeldrive cars (s。下次設(shè)計(jì)可以在這些方面加以完善改進(jìn)。 UG裝配模型檢查干涉問題首先我們將轉(zhuǎn)向于懸架模型安裝于車架上,總共裝了三種狀態(tài),一種是原始狀態(tài),另外兩種狀態(tài)分別是輪胎上跳到最大位置時(shí)和輪胎向下跳動(dòng)到最大位置時(shí),裝配效果如下圖所示。我們分析結(jié)果的實(shí)例見表61。此驅(qū)動(dòng)方式適合于根據(jù)整車最小轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑要求、由阿克曼公式確定內(nèi)輪轉(zhuǎn)角后,全新進(jìn)入轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)。167。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)傳動(dòng)關(guān)系,將各數(shù)模建立連桿(Link)特性。由圖2,圖3可知:為保證傳動(dòng)良好,一般希望a,以此作為約束條件,即要滿足聯(lián)立不等式:由此可解得: 因此在和的全部取值范圍內(nèi),的最大值為1,的最小值為。而且對(duì)應(yīng)于同一齒條行程,內(nèi)輪一側(cè)的傳動(dòng)角αi總是比外輪一側(cè)的傳動(dòng)角αo要小。167。 第五章 轉(zhuǎn)向梯形的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)167。167。=20 ======同理計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)向輪左轉(zhuǎn)30176。(1) 分度圓直徑==(2) 齒頂圓直徑(3) 齒根圓直徑===(4) 齒寬==因?yàn)橄嗷Ш淆X輪的基圓齒距必須相等,即。主動(dòng)小齒輪選用材料40Cr CN制造,而齒條常采用45鋼制造。主動(dòng)小齒輪齒數(shù)多數(shù)在5~7個(gè)齒范圍變化,壓力角取20176。轉(zhuǎn)向角傳動(dòng)比必須使前輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)同樣角度時(shí)需要更大的轉(zhuǎn)向盤轉(zhuǎn)角。表48 齒條調(diào)整裝置的尺寸設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)序號(hào)項(xiàng)目符號(hào)尺寸參數(shù)(mm)1導(dǎo)向座高度202彈簧總?cè)?shù)3彈簧節(jié)距4彈簧外徑205彈簧工作高度6螺塞螺紋公稱直徑M3627螺塞高度208鎖止螺塞高度59轉(zhuǎn)向器殼體總長/高180/96167。這些端部與梯形轉(zhuǎn)向桿系的相似。相對(duì)直齒而言,斜齒的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)趨于平穩(wěn),并能傳遞更大的動(dòng)力。圖41 齒條表45 齒條的尺寸設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)序號(hào)項(xiàng)目符號(hào)尺寸參數(shù)()1總長7302直徑253齒數(shù)314法向模數(shù)167。表44 主動(dòng)齒輪軸的計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算和說明計(jì)算結(jié)果=140MPa取=10mm167。 作用在轉(zhuǎn)向盤上的手力Fh表42 轉(zhuǎn)向盤手力Fh的計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算和說明計(jì)算結(jié)果 式中 ——轉(zhuǎn)向搖臂長, 單位為mm;——原地轉(zhuǎn)向阻力矩, 單位為N影響這些力的主要因素有轉(zhuǎn)向軸的負(fù)荷、路面阻力和輪胎氣壓等。167。加工齒扇時(shí)使之繞切齒軸線O1轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。在中間附近位置因磨損造成的間隙大到無法確保直線行駛的穩(wěn)定性時(shí),必須經(jīng)調(diào)整消除該處間隙。傳動(dòng)間隙是指各種轉(zhuǎn)向器中傳動(dòng)副(如循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器的齒扇和齒條)之間的間隙。其中齒輪基圓齒距Pbl=πmlcosα1,齒條基圓齒距 Pb2=πm2cosα2 。式(3—7)表明:增大角傳動(dòng)比可以增加力傳動(dòng)比。通常轎車的 a 值在0.4~0.6倍輪胎的胎面寬度尺寸范圍內(nèi)選取,而貨車的d值在40~60mm范圍內(nèi)選取。轉(zhuǎn)向盤角速度ωw與搖臂軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)角速度ωK之比,稱為轉(zhuǎn)向器角傳動(dòng)比iw′, 即。通常螺線導(dǎo)程角選在8176。同時(shí),它既不能保證車輪自動(dòng)回正,駕駛員又缺乏路面感覺;因此,現(xiàn)代汽車不采用這種轉(zhuǎn)向器。 轉(zhuǎn)向器的逆效率η根據(jù)逆效率大小不同,轉(zhuǎn)向器又有可逆式、極限可逆式和不可逆式之分。(1)轉(zhuǎn)向器類型、結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)與效率 在前述四種轉(zhuǎn)向器中,齒輪齒條式、循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器的正效率比較高,而蝸桿指銷式特別是固定銷和蝸桿滾輪式轉(zhuǎn)向器的正效率要明顯的低些。)圖216 MATLAB繪制的內(nèi)外論轉(zhuǎn)角關(guān)系曲線 第三章 轉(zhuǎn)向系主要性能參數(shù)167。 MATLAB內(nèi)外輪轉(zhuǎn)角關(guān)系曲線部分程序sita20=for i=1:50D2R=pi/180sita21=atan(1/(1/tan(sita20)1200/1650))angles1(i,1)=sita20/D2Rangles1(i,2)=sita21/D2Rsita20=sita20+D2Rendplot(angles1(:,1),angles1(:,2))axis([0 30 0 30])xlabel(39。圖213 轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)簡圖轉(zhuǎn)向軸 齒輪 齒條 左橫拉桿 左梯形臂 右梯形臂 右橫拉桿我們的齒輪齒條式轉(zhuǎn)向器布置在前軸后方,安裝時(shí),齒條軸線與汽車縱向?qū)ΨQ軸垂直,而且當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)向器處于中立位置時(shí),齒條兩端球鉸中心應(yīng)對(duì)稱的處于汽車縱向?qū)ΨQ軸的兩側(cè)。此外,還要對(duì)車輪向左轉(zhuǎn)和向右轉(zhuǎn)的幾種不同工況驚進(jìn)行校核。S點(diǎn)為轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)臂球銷中心在懸架桿件(雙橫臂)所在平面上的投影。 轉(zhuǎn)向梯形機(jī)構(gòu)的選擇轉(zhuǎn)向梯形有整體式和斷開式兩種,選擇整體式或斷開式轉(zhuǎn)向梯形方案與懸架采用何種方案有關(guān)。 轉(zhuǎn)向器形式的選擇由上述分析綜合考慮學(xué)校的實(shí)際情況,比如考慮到我們的加工精度等因素,我們選擇了齒輪齒條是轉(zhuǎn)向器。[1]根據(jù)輸入齒輪位置和輸出特點(diǎn)不同,齒輪齒條式轉(zhuǎn)向器有四種形式:中間輸入,兩端輸出(圖 a);側(cè)面輸入,兩端輸出(圖 b);側(cè)面輸入,中間輸出(圖 c);側(cè)面輸入,一端輸出(圖 d)。由于我們賽車采用齒輪齒條式轉(zhuǎn)向器, 并且轉(zhuǎn)向齒條橫向布置,因此該車轉(zhuǎn)向傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)非常簡單緊湊,不需要轉(zhuǎn)向搖臂和轉(zhuǎn)向拉桿。為此,需在轉(zhuǎn)向系中設(shè)計(jì)并安裝能防止或者減輕駕駛員受傷的機(jī)構(gòu)。167。167。其中湖南大學(xué)已經(jīng)兩次赴美國參賽,已有兩代車型。Mini Baja 比賽重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了地盤的設(shè)計(jì),因?yàn)槊總€(gè)隊(duì)伍都使用一個(gè)8 匹馬力的引擎,這一點(diǎn)無法改變。對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)來說,挑戰(zhàn)在于要在一定的時(shí)間和一定的資金限制下,設(shè)計(jì)和制造出最能滿足這些目的的原型車。Formula SAE 為在傳統(tǒng)教室學(xué)習(xí)中的學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)的工程經(jīng)歷。SAE 是一個(gè)擁有超過60000 名會(huì)員的世界性的工程協(xié)會(huì),致力與海、陸、空各類交通工具的發(fā)展進(jìn)步。 參數(shù)設(shè)定及輸出 43167。 37167。 齒輪齒條傳動(dòng)受力分析 31167。 26167。 原地轉(zhuǎn)向阻力矩MR的計(jì)算 23167。 力傳動(dòng)比與轉(zhuǎn)向系角傳動(dòng)比的關(guān)系 18167。 斷開式轉(zhuǎn)向梯形參數(shù)的確定 10167。 轉(zhuǎn)向操縱機(jī)構(gòu) 4167。 then UG kinetic analysis is used to analysis the motion of steering system when turning and calculating the corresponding relation between the turning angle of inside and outside wheels, the transmission angle of steering linkage and steering box or steering linkage and trackrod, and steering box stroke. And it provides a theoretical basis for designing and optimizing the steering trapezoidal mechanism. After the work we calculate the ball joints tie rod strength and wear resistance, and some calculations was made on some dangerous bars, to ensure the car has enough strength and life. After carrying out a plete c
點(diǎn)擊復(fù)制文檔內(nèi)容
黨政相關(guān)相關(guān)推薦
文庫吧 www.dybbs8.com
備案圖鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1