曼昆經(jīng)濟學原理宏觀第28章(存儲版)
【正文】 “就業(yè)者” 事情變得越來越糟，但失業(yè)率并沒有反映該狀況 169。所以當還可以享受失業(yè)補助時，失業(yè)者不會努力地找工作 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 34 * 3. 效率工資 1. 工人健康 在一些欠發(fā)達國家，營養(yǎng)不良是一個很普遍的問題 。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 下面哪個最有可能減少 摩擦性 失業(yè)？ A. 政府取消最低工資 B. 政府增加失業(yè)保險補助 C. 頒布取締工會的新法 D. 更多的工人將他們的簡歷發(fā)到職友圈（ ） , 網(wǎng)站，更多的雇主通過職友圈網(wǎng)站尋找合適的工人 . E. 部門轉移更加頻繁 主動學習 3 參考答案 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 內容提要 ? 自然失業(yè)率包括摩擦性失業(yè)和結構性失業(yè) ? 當工人花時間去尋找合適的工作時，就會產(chǎn)生摩擦性失業(yè) ? 當實際工資高于均衡工資導致勞動過剩時，便會產(chǎn)生結構性失業(yè) ? 實際工資高于均衡工資的三個原因：最低工資法，工會和效率工資 169。如果市場工資高于均衡工資，市場上便不會有足夠的工作崗位給想要工作的工人。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 32 * 2. 工會 工會對經(jīng)濟是好還是壞？經(jīng)濟學家對此的看法并不一致 ? 批評者： 工會是一種卡特爾，它們把工資提高到均衡水平以上，引起失業(yè)并降低了其他沒有工會的勞動市場的工資 ? 支持者： 工會與大企業(yè)的市場勢力相抗衡，并使企業(yè)對工人的要求更積極地做出回應 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 25 * 公共政策和尋找工作 ? 政府管理的就業(yè)機構 發(fā)布有關職位空缺的信息，加快工人與工作的匹配 ? 公共培訓計劃 其目的是使處于衰落行業(yè)的工人學到轉移到增長行業(yè)所需的技能 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. C. Sam是他五口之家中唯一掙錢的人。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 下述情形會如何影響失業(yè)率？失業(yè)率準確地描述了勞動力市場的狀況嗎？ A. Sue失去工作并開始尋找新工作 B. 去年 Jon因鋼廠倒閉失去工作，之后他喪失信心并放棄尋找新工作 C. Sam是他五口之家中唯一掙錢的人。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 主動學習 1 參考答案 成年人口 = 勞動力 + 非勞動力 = + = 勞動力參工率 = 100 x (勞動力 )/(成年人口 ) = 100 x = % 169。失業(yè) 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a cer
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