曼昆經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理宏觀第28章(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 “就業(yè)者” 事情變得越來(lái)越糟，但失業(yè)率并沒(méi)有反映該狀況 169。所以當(dāng)還可以享受失業(yè)補(bǔ)助時(shí)，失業(yè)者不會(huì)努力地找工作 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 34 * 3. 效率工資 1. 工人健康 在一些欠發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良是一個(gè)很普遍的問(wèn)題 。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 下面哪個(gè)最有可能減少 摩擦性 失業(yè)？ A. 政府取消最低工資 B. 政府增加失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)助 C. 頒布取締工會(huì)的新法 D. 更多的工人將他們的簡(jiǎn)歷發(fā)到職友圈（ ） , 網(wǎng)站，更多的雇主通過(guò)職友圈網(wǎng)站尋找合適的工人 . E. 部門轉(zhuǎn)移更加頻繁 主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí) 3 參考答案 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 內(nèi)容提要 ? 自然失業(yè)率包括摩擦性失業(yè)和結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè) ? 當(dāng)工人花時(shí)間去尋找合適的工作時(shí)，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生摩擦性失業(yè) ? 當(dāng)實(shí)際工資高于均衡工資導(dǎo)致勞動(dòng)過(guò)剩時(shí)，便會(huì)產(chǎn)生結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè) ? 實(shí)際工資高于均衡工資的三個(gè)原因：最低工資法，工會(huì)和效率工資 169。如果市場(chǎng)工資高于均衡工資，市場(chǎng)上便不會(huì)有足夠的工作崗位給想要工作的工人。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 32 * 2. 工會(huì) 工會(huì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)是好還是壞？經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)此的看法并不一致 ? 批評(píng)者： 工會(huì)是一種卡特爾，它們把工資提高到均衡水平以上，引起失業(yè)并降低了其他沒(méi)有工會(huì)的勞動(dòng)市場(chǎng)的工資 ? 支持者： 工會(huì)與大企業(yè)的市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力相抗衡，并使企業(yè)對(duì)工人的要求更積極地做出回應(yīng) 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 25 * 公共政策和尋找工作 ? 政府管理的就業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu) 發(fā)布有關(guān)職位空缺的信息，加快工人與工作的匹配 ? 公共培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃 其目的是使處于衰落行業(yè)的工人學(xué)到轉(zhuǎn)移到增長(zhǎng)行業(yè)所需的技能 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. C. Sam是他五口之家中唯一掙錢的人。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 下述情形會(huì)如何影響失業(yè)率？失業(yè)率準(zhǔn)確地描述了勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)的狀況嗎？ A. Sue失去工作并開(kāi)始尋找新工作 B. 去年 Jon因鋼廠倒閉失去工作，之后他喪失信心并放棄尋找新工作 C. Sam是他五口之家中唯一掙錢的人。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí) 1 參考答案 成年人口 = 勞動(dòng)力 + 非勞動(dòng)力 = + = 勞動(dòng)力參工率 = 100 x (勞動(dòng)力 )/(成年人口 ) = 100 x = % 169。失業(yè) 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a cer
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