【正文】 舊的控制柜，另外做一臺新的控制柜。 根據(jù)異步電動機原理： n=60f/p(1s)，式中 n:轉(zhuǎn)速， f:頻率， p:電機磁極對數(shù)，s:轉(zhuǎn)差率。常用的節(jié)能措施有：①減少冷熱負(fù)荷；②充分利用自然冷源；③提高冷源效率；④減少水泵電耗；⑤減少管路阻力；⑥加 強管理、減少風(fēng)機 (柜 )電耗。②空調(diào)系統(tǒng)額外能耗應(yīng)包括顯性額外能耗和隱性能耗兩種。 中央空調(diào)雖然存在以上不足，但因其在保持大樓立面外觀、保證室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)和綜合空調(diào)效果等方面的優(yōu)越性而一直是空調(diào)方案的首選，廣泛采用中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的同時，節(jié)能問題不容忽視。 中央空調(diào)系 統(tǒng)節(jié)能研究現(xiàn)狀 （ 1） 冷卻水系統(tǒng)的不足 從設(shè)計角度考慮，冷卻水泵電機的容量是按照最大換熱量 (即環(huán)境氣溫最高、且所有場所的空調(diào)都開足 )的情況下，再取一定的安全系數(shù)來確定的。通過流體力學(xué)的基本定律可知：風(fēng)機、泵類設(shè)備均屬平方轉(zhuǎn)矩負(fù)載，其轉(zhuǎn)速 n與流量 Q，壓力 H以及軸功率P 具有如下關(guān)系： Q∝ n ， H∝ n2， P∝ n3；即，流量與轉(zhuǎn)速成正比，壓力與轉(zhuǎn)速的平方成正比，軸功率與轉(zhuǎn)速的立方成正比。 風(fēng)機盤管： 豐 機盤管空調(diào)系統(tǒng)是將由風(fēng)機和盤管組成的機組直接放在房間內(nèi)，工作時盤管內(nèi)根據(jù)需要流動熱水或冷水，風(fēng)機把室內(nèi)空氣吸進(jìn)機組，經(jīng)過過濾后再經(jīng)盤管冷卻或加熱后送回室內(nèi)，如此循環(huán)以達(dá)到調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)溫度和濕度的目的。對冷凍、冷卻水泵進(jìn)行改造，以節(jié)約電能。其中冷凍主機可以根據(jù)負(fù)載變化隨之加載或減載，冷凍水泵和冷卻水泵卻不能隨負(fù)載變化作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)節(jié)。 通過變頻控制調(diào)節(jié)，中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的水、風(fēng)系統(tǒng)耗電水平可降低 30%~60%，主機系統(tǒng)可節(jié)電 10%以上，總體系統(tǒng)節(jié)電可達(dá) 40%左右。s economic and social development of the inevitable choice. The current our country building energy consumption accounts for about 30% of the total energy consumption society, including central air conditioning of the total energy consumption of building the operating energy consumption around 60%. The central air conditioning system in energy saving energy control is a very important position. Based on the inverter is designed and realized a set of effective energy saving realize central air conditioning control system. This paper briefly describes the module type central air conditioning control system was introduced, the principle of energy control system principle diagram, diagram, and this module type airconditioner system configuration of the control system, and introduces the hardware design of the software system. This control system is on existing central air conditioning working principle and all kinds of existing central air conditioning energysaving control system based on detailed research and analysis, design and implementation, its reliable performance and power saving effect is remarkable. This paper also for a library design the central air conditioning control system, and discusses the central airconditioning energy saving principles: environmental temperature through the thermostat, and feedback to the inverter frequency changes to adjust by the frequency, the rotation fans and pumps with motor speed changes that the fans and pumps air, flow change, thus to achieve the purpose of saving energy. Keywords: Central airconditioner； Energysaving system； Transducer； PLC 目錄 III 目錄 摘 要 .............................................................................................................................I Abstract....................................................................................................................... II 1 緒論 .......................................................................................................................... 1 ............................................................................................................ 1 ......................................................................................................... 2 ........................................................................................... 2 ...................................................................... 2 2 中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能可行性分析 ................................................................................ 3 ......................................................................... 3 制冷主機： .............................................................................................. 3 冷凍水泵 ： .............................................................................................. 3 冷卻水泵 ： .............................................................................................. 4 冷卻塔： ................................................................................................. 4 風(fēng)機盤管 ： .............................................................................................. 4 ........................................................................................... 4 ................................................................................ 6 2． 4 本課題的主要研究內(nèi)容 ................................................................................... 7 節(jié)能的可行性分析 .............................................................................................. 8 3 中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)主控制器 ............................................................................................ 8 PLC的發(fā)展 ......................................................................................................... 9 PLC的特點 ....................................................................................................... 10 (1) 編程方法簡單易學(xué)，指令豐富 ................................................................... 10 (2) 功能強，性能價格比高 .............................................................................. 10 (3) 硬件配套齊全，用戶使用方便，適應(yīng)性強 .................................................. 10 (4) 無觸點面配線，可靠性高，抗干擾能力強 .................................................. 10 (5)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計、安裝、調(diào)試工作量少 .............................................................. 10 (6)維修工作量小，維修方便 ............................................................................ 10 (7)體積小，功耗低 .......................................................................................... 11 PLC的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 ................................................................................................ 11 (1) 開關(guān)量邏輯控制 ........................................................................................ 11 (2) 運動控制 ................................................................................................... 11 (3) 閉環(huán)過程控制 ............................................................................................ 11 (4) 數(shù)據(jù)處理 ................................................................................................... 11 (5) 通訊聯(lián)網(wǎng) ......................................................................................