【正文】 udy of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologistlinguists， Franz Boas Edward Sapir， were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. （ 62） We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished， as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century， however， who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic” language ， were not always so grateful. （ 63） The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data Native American languages are indeed different， so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages. Sapir‘s pupil ， Benjamin Lee Whorf， continued the study of American Indian languages. （ 64） Being interested in the relationship of language and thought， Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language， the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. （ 65） Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which， in its strongest form， states that language imprisons the mind， and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce farreaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later， this idea became to be known as the SapirWhorf hypothesis， but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages ， Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism. SectionⅣWriti ng 66. Directions： Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should 1） describe the drawing. 2） interpret its meaning， and. 3） support your view with examples. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.（ 20 points） sectionI Listening Comprehension （ 20 points） Part A （ 5 points） 1. highlands； 2. 20； 3. mild； 4. November； 5. 22. Part B （ 5 points） 6. A （ technology） forecaster； 7. government agencies； 8. （ a） meaningful（ exercise）； 9. open to change； and cooperation. Part C （ 10 points） sectionII Use of English（ 10 points） 31.A sectionIII Reading Comprehension（ 50 points） Part A （ 40 points） 51.D Part B （ 10 points） ，語言結(jié)構(gòu)與思維過程之間存在著某種聯(lián)系。tien and Koizumi）。 65. Whorf 進(jìn)而相信某種類似語言決定論的觀點(diǎn)，其極端說法是：語言禁錮思維，語言的語法結(jié)構(gòu)能對一個(gè)社會(huì)的文化產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 如果句子譯文扭曲原文意思，該句得分最多不得超過 分。文章長度符合要求。 0 分文不切題，語句混亂，無法理解。文章長度符合要求。 III 閱讀理解： A 節(jié)： 20 小題，每題 2 分，共 40 分。 東南亞地區(qū)的語言往往差別顯著，以至于有些學(xué)者甚至指責(zé) Boas 和 Sapir 編造了材料。2020 年全國碩士學(xué)位研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題參考答案 Section I Listening Comprehension Directions： This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that acpany them. There are three parts in this section， Part A， Part B and Part C. Remember， while you are doing the test， you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening prehension section， you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1. Now look at Part A in your test booklet. Part A Directions： For questions 1 5， you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium. While you listen， fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. （ 5 points） Geography of Belgium Three main regions coastal plain central plateau 1 Highest altitude of the coastal plain m 2 Climate near the sea humid 3 Particularly rainy months of the years April 4 Average temperatures in July in Brussels low 13 ℃ high ℃ 5 Part B Directions： For Questions 610， you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from the Institute for the Future. While you listen， plete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. （ 5 points） What is Saffo according to himself？ The Institute for the Future provides services to private panies and The Institute believes that to think systematically about the longrange future is To succeed in anything， one should be flexible， curious and What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team？ 6 7 8 9 10 Part C Directions： You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one， you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening， answer each question by choosing A， B， C or D. After listening， you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. （ 10 p