【正文】 insulation technology development is very rapid, is the focus of energy conservation. External wall insulation technology and energysaving materials innovation are inseparable, building energy conservation must be based on the development of new energysaving materials as the premise, must have sufficient insulation material base. Energy saving materials development must again and external wall thermal insulation technology bined, can truly play its role. It is the result of energy saving material innovation, external wall insulation technology superiority can be taken seriously increasingly by people. So in promoting external wall insulation technology, new energysaving materials should be developed and utilized, so as to realize building energy saving. Reference. [1] building energy research center of Tsinghua University. Annual report on China building energy efficiency2020[ M]. Beijing: China Building Industry Press,2020: 4857. 煙 臺 大 學 畢 業(yè) 設 計 7 文獻翻譯 淺談外墻保溫技術及節(jié)能材料 [摘要 ]隨著對節(jié)約能源與保護環(huán)境的要求的不斷提高 ,建筑維護結構的保溫技術也在日益加強 ,尤其是外墻保溫技術得到了長足的 發(fā)展 ,并成為我國一項重要的建筑節(jié)能技術。 。 。 (1)外掛式外保溫外掛的保溫材料有巖 (礦 )棉、玻璃棉 氈、聚苯乙烯泡沫板 (簡稱聚苯板 ,EPS、 XPS)、陶粒混凝 土復合聚苯仿石裝飾保溫板、鋼絲網(wǎng)架夾芯墻板等。而且在冬季施工時 ,聚苯板起保溫的作用 ,可減少外圍圍護保溫措施。但是，由于白蟻對膨脹聚苯乙烯的侵害，在有白蟻的地區(qū)不可使用；由于其對施工的環(huán)境溫度要求為 4℃，不適合冬期施工。 目前。 目前，此體系主要用于現(xiàn)澆混凝土多、高層住宅，它的構造節(jié)點、安裝工藝等還有待于進一步完善。 二、外墻保溫節(jié)能材料 節(jié)能材料屬于保溫絕熱材料。絕熱 ,就是要最大限度地阻抗熱流的傳遞 ,因此要求絕熱材料必須具有大的熱阻和小的導熱系數(shù)。能滿足上述性能要求而用于建筑外保溫的節(jié)能材料主要有 :聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料板 (EPS 及 XPS)、巖 (礦 )棉板、玻璃棉氈以及超輕的聚苯顆粒保溫料漿等。正是由于節(jié)能材料的不斷革新 ,外墻保溫技術的優(yōu)越性才日益受到人們重視。外墻保溫技術的發(fā)展與節(jié)能材料的革新是密不可分的 ,建筑節(jié)能必須以發(fā)展新型節(jié)能材料為前提 ,必須有足夠的保溫絕熱材料做基礎。對于泡沫塑料制品 ,要滿足保溫絕熱材料的要求其最佳的表觀密度為 16~40kg/m3。因此 ,有些國家將絕熱材料看作是繼煤炭、石油、天然氣、核能之后的第五大 “ 能源 ” 。使用中。是將鋼絲網(wǎng)架聚苯板置于將要澆注的外墻外模的內側，外保溫板和墻體一次成活，拆模后保溫板與墻體合而為一，因此節(jié)省了 人力、時間以及安裝費用； 2)所選用的鋼絲網(wǎng)架聚苯板塊大、質輕，易于施工；3)施工操作易掌握。因此它具有良好的抗?jié)裥?，在潮濕的環(huán)境中，仍可保持良好的保溫隔熱性能； 3)適用于冷庫等對保溫有特殊要求的建筑，也可用于外墻飾面材料為面磚或石材的建筑， 4)由于擠塑聚苯乙烯與基層墻 體的固定方式土要采用機械固定件。目前。該技術解決了外掛式外保溫的主要問題 ,其優(yōu)勢是很明顯的。同時消除了冷凝 ,提高了居住的舒適度。 但內保溫會多占用使用面積 ,“ 熱橋 ” 問題不易解決 ,容易引起開裂 ,還會影響施工速度 ,影響居民的二次裝修 ,且內墻懸掛和固定物件也容易破壞內保溫結構。建筑節(jié)能還是我國建筑業(yè)的一個重要的課題。5) can be used to repair the wall plastering surface cracks. At present, Beijing has many highrise building exterior insulation with thermal paste, such as modern literature museum. However, insulation paste exterior wall external insulation node structure, construction process has yet to be further improved. Above a few kinds of external wall thermal insulation technology, due to the adoption of the materials and construction technology are different, so their applicable scope are not the same. In use. Should be according to the design of construction cost, geographic location and other factors to choose. In two, the external wall thermal insulation energysaving materials Energy saving materials belonging to the thermal insulation materials. Insulation material is used for building or thermal equipment, heat transfer impedance material or material plex, including both insulation materials, including cold insulation materials. Insulation material sense, on one hand is to satisfy the architectural space or thermal equipment, thermal environment, on the other hand, in order to save energy. With the worldwide energy shortage, thermal insulation material in energysaving aspects of the meaning is more and more important. Only the general residents of heating air conditioning, through the use of thermal insulation building materials, which can be the basis of the existing energysaving 50% ~80%. According to the Japanese energysaving practice proved, each using1 tons of insulating material, can save coal3 tons / year, the energysaving efficiency is10 times the cost of production. Thus, in some countries, the thermal insulation material as following coal, petroleum, natural gas, nuclear power after the fifth big energy. The 1insulation material performance. Adiabatic, is to maximize heat transfer impedance, so the requirement of adiabatic material must has great thermal resistance and low thermal conductivity. From material position, organic polymer thermal conductivity than the inorganic nonmetallic material。2) due to the inner layer of the [ knife hole structure. So it