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數(shù)控技術(shù)外文翻譯6-數(shù)控設(shè)計(存儲版)

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【正文】 e for processing parts for the slippery one of cross, have 3 rectilinear motion coordinate axis generally , can find a room for one horizontal numerical control revolving stage (the 4th axle ) of axle process the spiral part at workingbench. The vertical machining center is of simple structure, the floor space is small, the price is low, after allocating various kinds of enclosures , can carry on the processing of most work pieces . Largescale gantry machining center, the main shafts are mostly set up vertically, is especially used in the largescale or with plicated form work piece , is it spend the many coordinate gantry machining center to need like aviation , aerospace industry , some processing of part of largescale steam turbine. Five machining centers, this kind of machining center has function of the vertical and horizontal machining center, one is it after inserting , can finish all five Taxi processing besides installing the surface to install in work piece, the processing way can make form of work piece error lowest , save 2 times install and insert working, thus improve production efficiency , reduce the process cost. (2)Classify by craft use Is it mill machining center to bore, is it mill for vertical door frame machining center , horizontal door frame mill the machining center and Longmen door frame mill the machining center to divide into. Processing technology its rely mainly on the fact that the door frame is milled, used in case body, shell and various kinds of plicated part special curve and large processes , curved surface of outline process, suitable for many varieties to produce in batches small. Complex machining center, point five times and pound and process mainly, the main shaft head can be turned round automatically, stand, lie and process, after the main shaft is turned round automatically, realize knowing that varies in the horizontal and vertical direction. (3)Classify by special function Single workingbench , a pair of workingbench machining center。 Single axle , dual axle , three axle can change machining center , main shaft of case。機床工業(yè)有世界經(jīng)濟相互促進和發(fā)展,進入 21世界知識機警時代,人們的知識所起的作用更加突出,而機床工業(yè)作為機器制造業(yè)的基礎(chǔ),其重點地位與戰(zhàn)略意義也更加明顯。目前開放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)范、通行規(guī)范、配置規(guī)范、運行平臺、數(shù)控系統(tǒng)功能庫以及數(shù)控系統(tǒng)功能軟件開發(fā)工具等是當(dāng)前研究的核心。 大型龍門式加工中心,主軸多為垂直設(shè)置,尤其使用于大型或形狀復(fù)雜的工件,像航空、航天工業(yè)及大型汽輪機上的某些零件的加工都需要用這類多坐標(biāo)龍門式加工中心。 ( 1) .高速度、高精度化速度和精度是數(shù)控機床的兩個重要指標(biāo),它直接關(guān)系到加工效率和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。數(shù)控 系統(tǒng)由于采用了多 CPU結(jié)構(gòu)和分級中斷控制方式,即可在一臺機床上同時進行零件加工和程序編制,實現(xiàn) 4 所謂的“前臺加工,后臺編輯”。它是利用CAD 繪制的零件加工圖樣,再經(jīng)計算機內(nèi)的刀具軌跡數(shù)據(jù)進行計算和后置處理,從而自動生成 NC零 件加工程序,以實現(xiàn) CAD與 CAM的集成。目前主要采用超大規(guī)模集成元件、多層印刷電路板,采用三維安裝方法,使電子元器件得以高密度安裝,較大規(guī)??s 小系統(tǒng)的占有空間。利用報警提示,及時排除故障;利用容錯技術(shù),對重要部件采用“冗余”設(shè)計,以實現(xiàn)故障自恢復(fù);利用各種測試、監(jiān)控技術(shù),當(dāng)生產(chǎn)超程、刀損、干擾、斷電等各種意外時,自動進行相應(yīng)的保護。為實現(xiàn)更高的故障診斷要求,其發(fā)展趨勢是采用人工智能專家診斷系統(tǒng)。目前,陶瓷刀具和金剛石涂層刀具已開始得到應(yīng)用。 當(dāng)今數(shù)控機床的發(fā)展趨勢: 目前,世界先進制造技術(shù)不斷興起,超高速切削、超精密加工等技 術(shù)的應(yīng)用,柔性制造系統(tǒng)的迅速發(fā)展和計算機集成系統(tǒng)的不斷成熟,對數(shù)控加工技術(shù)提出了更高的要求。 立式加工中心,立式加工中心主軸的軸線為垂直設(shè)置,其結(jié)構(gòu)多為固定立柱式,工作臺為十字滑臺,適合加工盤類零件,一般具有 3個直線運動坐標(biāo)軸,并可在工作臺上安置一個水平軸的數(shù)控轉(zhuǎn)臺(第 4 軸)來加工螺旋類零件。 ( 4)、許多國家都已經(jīng)開始對數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的智能化、開放化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化研究 A、數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的智能化的研究 主要表現(xiàn)在:為追求加工效率和加工質(zhì)量的智能化,對加工過程的自適應(yīng) 2 控制,工藝參數(shù)自動生成進行研究;為提高驅(qū)動性能及使用連接方便的智能化,對反饋控制、電機參數(shù)的自適應(yīng)運算、自動識別負載自動選定模型、自整定等進行研究;還有智能化的自動編程、智能化的人機界面、智能診斷、智能監(jiān)控等方面的研究。 Utilize faulttolerant technology, adopt and design the important part redundantly , in order to realize the trouble resumes by oneself。 Join the convenient one in order to improve the performance of urging and use intelligently, to the feedback control , adaptive operation , discerning automatically load selects models automatically , since carries on research whole definitely ,etc. of the electrical machinery parameter。 Transfer vertically to the tower machining center and transfer 。在 1991— 1994年間,世界經(jīng)濟衰退,昂貴的 FMS, CIMS降溫, 1995— 2020年間,世界經(jīng)濟在低速增長,根據(jù)當(dāng)前世界市場各方面用戶為提高生產(chǎn)率對 NC 機床的要求以及世界四大國際機床展(歐洲的 EMO、美國的 IMTS、日本的 JIMTOF、中國的CIMT)上展品的分析,當(dāng)前世界 NC機床的技術(shù)研究主要有以下幾點: ( 1)、更加重視新技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新 在世界范圍內(nèi),對新工藝、新材料、新結(jié)構(gòu)、新單元、新元件的研究開發(fā)工作正在大力開展,如新的刀具材料、新的主軸結(jié)構(gòu)、高速電主軸、高速直線電機
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