【正文】
gewindow rollin structure ,which is beneficial for aeration and mindexpanding, convenient for operating, the rear driving tire adopts diameter lowpressure tire ,when running ,it can buffer vibration and ease vehicle to jolt, raining the fort of the pilot .Because the development of the loader digger in our country starts late ,pared with abroad we have a long distance to run, such as the range of product, functional parameter ,the credibility and aftersales service...etc. 2: Domestic excavation car loader petition enterprise and domestic trend of development At present the domestic excavation car loader petition enterprise and divides into: ① Export modeif :Sichuan road machine shop production multipurpose project machinery 80﹪ above all for sale abroad, moreover the sale is continuously very good moreover, Guilin Forestry machine shop produces the small marching excavation car loader specially, product major part exportation. ② Overseas enters, the domestic assembly: If Shanghai CASE 590580 series product. Overseas import domestic agent: if JCB 2CX/3CX/4CX。 The distribution of the whole machine’s centre of gravity is more reasonable, being advantageous to the stability of machine. The manipulates system of the antispade device is mechanical twopole manipulation, flexible and convenient. The lading equips adopt the Z reversal bell clank linkage ,great growingup force and can be set level automatically。在重視技術(shù)引進(jìn)的時(shí)候,不太重視消化、吸收和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的掌握研究。挖掘裝載機(jī)產(chǎn)品性能差、可靠性低。 ( 2) 國(guó)外進(jìn)件、國(guó)內(nèi)組裝型 :如上海的 CASE 的 580/590 系列產(chǎn)品。行走系統(tǒng)采用了靜液壓傳動(dòng)。當(dāng)行走時(shí)反鏟裝置沿滑道側(cè)移到左右任意一個(gè),斗桿和鏟斗收起,然后擺動(dòng)收回到后車(chē)架端。 3 WZ2520 型: 動(dòng)力系統(tǒng):該機(jī)采用康明斯 型渦輪增壓發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、功率大、油耗低、噪聲小、工作可靠、壽命長(zhǎng)等特 點(diǎn)。 WZ3025 型:柳州挖掘裝載機(jī)廠生產(chǎn)的 WZ3025 型 挖掘裝載機(jī)及 柳州工程機(jī)械股份有限公司研制的 WZ3020 型挖掘裝載機(jī),均是在消化吸收 CAT 挖掘裝載機(jī)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國(guó)的工藝特點(diǎn)研制而成的新產(chǎn)品,這兩款新產(chǎn)品均采用專(zhuān)用底盤(pán),采用了與 CAT 公司相同的負(fù)荷傳感控制技術(shù)。選用進(jìn)口專(zhuān)為挖掘裝載機(jī)配套的驅(qū)動(dòng)橋(后橋)。 二 、 挖掘裝載機(jī)的國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 2 目前我國(guó)挖掘裝載機(jī)的生產(chǎn)企業(yè)有 10 余家,主要是山工、煙工、遼寧朝陽(yáng)、柳工、廈工、常林、北建、徐工等?;剞D(zhuǎn),支腿為蛙腿式支撐,支撐點(diǎn)可伸到車(chē)輪外側(cè)偏 后,挖掘時(shí)穩(wěn)定性好,有利于挖掘能力的提高。在工地內(nèi),您只需要轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一下座椅,即可完成從裝載機(jī)到挖掘機(jī)操作手角色的轉(zhuǎn)變。 一、 挖掘裝載機(jī)分類(lèi) 挖掘裝載機(jī)俗稱(chēng)“兩頭忙”,同時(shí)具備裝載、挖掘兩種功能。 從動(dòng)力分配上來(lái)分,挖掘裝載機(jī)有兩輪(后輪)驅(qū)動(dòng)和四輪(全輪)驅(qū)動(dòng)兩種形式。我國(guó)在上世紀(jì) 70 年代初才開(kāi)始自行開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì),首先由北京建筑機(jī)械廠研制成功 WZ2A 和 WZ2B 型液壓挖掘裝載機(jī), 1987 年煙臺(tái)工程機(jī)械廠試制成功 ZL15WJ 型挖掘裝載機(jī)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)車(chē)為兩輪驅(qū)動(dòng),可根據(jù)用戶(hù)需要配備四輪驅(qū)動(dòng)。全新的外觀造 型美觀大方,駕駛室空間更大;四合一鏟斗的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置,使機(jī)器具有更多的功能與用途。系統(tǒng)采用負(fù)荷傳感控制技術(shù),當(dāng)主閥閥芯處于中位時(shí),通過(guò)操縱閥產(chǎn)生的壓差信號(hào)反饋給變量泵,從而自動(dòng)減少泵的排量,使流量近似為零;此時(shí),泵的壓力達(dá)到條件 22MPa 以保證側(cè)移架壓緊缸所需壓力。裝載裝置采用 Z 型反轉(zhuǎn)雙搖臂連桿機(jī)構(gòu),具有卸載高度大、卸載距離大、掘起力大、能自動(dòng)放平等特點(diǎn);采用沖壓箱型提升臂,減輕了重量,提高了剛度和承載能力。駐車(chē)制動(dòng)為鼓式中央制動(dòng),機(jī)械式操縱。價(jià)格為: 38 萬(wàn)元以?xún)?nèi)。目前,國(guó)產(chǎn)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)及液壓系統(tǒng)的缸、泵、閥等質(zhì)量已成為制約挖掘裝載機(jī)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的“瓶頸”。 the excavation device of the latter can’t move to side, the whole excavation device can make 180176。 VOLVO LB60/BL71。 At this time ,the pressure of pump attains to set pressure of 22M P ,in order to guarantee the pressure of the holddown cylinder. While working, according to the opening of the manoeuvring valve’s plug, the pump provides the discharge of with demand, avoiding the way of controlling overflow by the traditional hydraulic systems, reducing the empty flow loss of hydraulic power with maximum. Work device: The antispade equips is the structure with oblique tones move frame, fastened by four holddown cylinder and rear car frame. The antispade device can move side along the slippery way, extending the work scope. The movable arm of the antispade equips adopts a big one, when the swing takes back, it is advantageous to reduce the size of horizontal shape. While traveling ,the antispade device following a slippery way move to left or right ,with the pole and bucket putting away, then swinging to the rear frame of the truck. Thus reducing the length size consumedly. When the whole machine is running and transferring ,raising the flexibility ,making the machine be able to transfer in the place of narrowness and work。我國(guó)的挖掘裝載機(jī)的開(kāi)發(fā)工作缺乏創(chuàng)新性,沒(méi)有自己獨(dú)特的技術(shù)。存在可靠性的問(wèn)題有:柴油機(jī)、液壓元件、液壓系統(tǒng)清潔度、傳動(dòng)元件、電氣系統(tǒng)電器元件、緊固技術(shù)、密封技術(shù)、輪胎及作業(yè)裝置等。 目前國(guó)內(nèi)的挖掘裝載機(jī)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)企業(yè)分為: ( 1) 出口型:如四川公路機(jī)械廠生產(chǎn)的多功能工程機(jī)械 80 以上都外銷(xiāo),而且銷(xiāo)路一直都很好,另外,桂林林業(yè)機(jī)械廠專(zhuān)門(mén)生產(chǎn)小型履帶式挖掘裝載機(jī),產(chǎn)品絕大部分出