【正文】 ive the slippery set of system, its dynamic state characteristic surpasses to traditionally adjustsoon to reduce the ex blunt quantity of slippery pedestal, must be load the disappeared moment quickly raises an oil urn have a pole chamber of carry on the back pressure。s, at the beginning of the 8039。從中得出，如果合理地設計液壓缸和自調背壓調壓閥的結構尺寸，可以使滑臺的動態(tài)特性得到顯著改善。該系統(tǒng)是用來完成 工進一停止一快退”的 工作循環(huán)。在此過程中，滑臺的負載 F、運動速度 V、油缸兩腔壓力 P3 和 P4 的變化可從圖 4 仿真結果看出。 四 .滑臺的運動平穩(wěn)性 當作用于滑臺上的負載周期變化時（如銑削加工情況），滑臺的運動速度要產生一定的波動。它的存在方面延遲和衰減了自調背壓閥的作用，另一方面也降低了系統(tǒng)的剛性，它限制了前沖特性和運動平穩(wěn)性的進一步改善。它與人類在農業(yè)、工業(yè)社會中創(chuàng)造的那些只是增強體力勞動的工具相比，起了質的飛躍，為人類進入信息社會奠定了基礎。于是將它移植過來作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的核心部件，從此進入了計 機數(shù)控 （ CNC）階段 （把計 機前面應有的 通用 兩個字省略了）。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)從此進入了基于 PC 的階段。 1應用自適應控制技術 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)能檢測過程中一些重要信息，并自動調整系統(tǒng)的有關參數(shù)，達到改進系統(tǒng)2運行狀態(tài)的目的。數(shù)控機床只要更換一個程序，就可實現(xiàn)另一工件加工的自動化，從而使單件和小批生產得以自動化，故被稱為實現(xiàn)了 柔性自動化 。 從宏觀上看，工業(yè)發(fā)達國家的軍、民機械工業(yè)，在 70 年代末、 80 年代初已開始大規(guī)模應用數(shù)控機床。在美國，機床改造業(yè)稱為機床再生 （ Remanufacturing） 業(yè)。但有些特殊情況，如高速主軸、托盤自動 交換裝置的制作與安裝過于費工、費錢，往往改造成本提高 2～ 3倍，與購置新機床相比，只能節(jié)省投資 50％左右。特別是大型、特殊機床尤其明顯。由于機床以及技術的不斷進步，機床改造是個 永恒 的課題。此外，機床數(shù)控化還是推行 FMC （柔性制造單元）、 FMS （柔性制造系統(tǒng)）以及 CIMS （計 機集成制造系統(tǒng)）等企業(yè)信息化改造的基礎。可以實現(xiàn)加工的自動化，而且是柔性自動化，從而效率可比傳統(tǒng)機床提高 3～ 7 倍。遠程通訊，遠程診斷和維修將更加普遍。由于微處理器是通用計 機的核心部件，故仍稱為計 機數(shù)控。隨著元器件的發(fā)展，這個階段歷經了三代，即 1952年的第一代 電子管； 1959年的第二代 晶體管；1965年的第三代 小規(guī)模集成電路。同時，也說明了采用功率鍵合圖和狀態(tài)空間分析法研究復雜非線性是方便有效的。要減少滑臺的前沖量， 必需在負載消失的瞬間迅速提高油缸有桿腔的背壓力；要提高滑臺的運動平穩(wěn)性 需增加系統(tǒng)的剛性，主要措施在于減小油液的體積。從圖中可見，自調背壓調速系統(tǒng)在負載消失瞬間油缸背壓力升高的幅度大于傳統(tǒng)的調速系統(tǒng)，所以，其油 缸有桿腔中油液吸收的能量 多；結果，滑臺的前沖量比傳統(tǒng)調速系統(tǒng)要小近 20%。這樣，系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)模型的結構簡圖如圖 2 所示，它是由油缸、滑臺，自凋背壓閥和聯(lián)接管路等組成。分析滑臺產生前沖和運動不平穩(wěn)的原 以及主要的影響，以便改善滑臺的動態(tài)特性。 Fourth is the technology renews or the technical innovation, for enhances the performance or the scale, or in order to use the new craft, the new technology, carries on the big scale in the original foundation the technology to renew or the technical innovation, the great scope raises the level and the scale renewal new electrical system transforms after, how carries on the debugging as well as the determination reasonable approval standard, also is the technology preparatory work important link. The debugging work involves the machinery, the hydraulic pressure, the electricity, the control, and so on, thereforemust carry on by the project person incharge, other personnel coordinate. The debugging stepmay conform to simplicity tonumerous, from infancyto maturity, carries on from outside to in, after also may the partial overall situation. 10 中文翻譯 組合機床滑臺動態(tài)特性的研究 【摘要】本 利用功率鍵合圖和狀態(tài)空間分析法對組合機床滑臺的前沖和運動平穩(wěn)性問題進行分析與研究，建立了滑臺的液壓驅動系統(tǒng)一自調背壓調速系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)數(shù)學模型。 1974five dynasties microprocessor and 1990sixth generation (overseaswascalledPCBASED) based on PC. onto this path. Uses PC machine to take at least its front end machine, processes the manmachine contact surface, the programming, the and so on correspondence, undertakes the numerical control duty by the original system. PC machine has the friendly manmachine contact surface, will popularize to all numerical controls system. The longdistancemunication, the longdistance diagnosis and the service will be more mon. Along with the artificial intelligence in the puter domain unceasing seepage and the development, the numerical control system intellectualized degree unceasingly will enhance. applies the adaptive control technology 7 The numerical controlsystem can examine in theprocess some important information, and the automatic control system related parameter, achieves the improvement system running status the goal. introduces the expert system instruction processing The skilled worker and expert39。 order to process the request of quality at assurance, have to possibly let up its speed motion out from the convenience discussed a problem, suppose a load by the sine wave regulation variety, get thus of numeral imitate a true result such as figure 5 showed from this that system and traditionally adjust soon system to have same variety regulation with very close of reason is that the variety range of load isn39。 Selthe slippery set glide friction Selthe slippery set glide friction C5, C6the etc. effect liquid of tube road permit: R5, R7take care of an etc. of road effect liquid Zu。s liquid flows through to change toward the valve and adjust soon valve juniors into the oil urn of 2 have no a pole chamber, push slippery the set be left shift。s matching diagram is an effect to flow diagram, it is the energy which presses system to deliver a way, take actual structure as foundation, the function which uses concentration parameter the of sub system relates to an abstract earth39。Want to raise the exercise of slippery pedestal steady to need to increase system of rigid, the main measure lies in the physical volume which lets up an oil 176。s started the largescale application numerical control engine bed. Its essence is, uses the information technology to the traditional industry (includingthe armed forces, airplane weapon industry) carries on the technological transformations. Except that uses outside the numerical control engine bed, FMC, FMS in themanufacture process, but also includes in the product development carries out CAD, CAE, CAM, the hypothesized manufacture aswell as carries out MIS in the 8 production management (management information system), CIMS and so on. As well as increases the information technology in its production product, including artificial intelligence and so on content. Because uses the information technology to the country foreign troops, the airplane weapon industry carries on the thorough transformation (tocall it being an information based society), finally causes them the product in the internationalmilitary goods and in the goods for civilian use market the petitive power greatly is the enhancement. But we in the informatio