消防外文翻譯--使用ip攝像機(jī)的早期火災(zāi)探測(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 d to detect the presence of smoke. It is worth noting that all fire detection algorithms mentioned above operate in the spatial domain, analyzing pixel values of each frame of video. Recently the use of IP cameras in video surveillance has grown significantly, because video surveillance systems based on IP technology are easy to implement at low cost due to the use of cabling and wireless Inter infrastructure already present in many panies [12]. Moreover, an IP camera not only captures sequences of images, but also has its own processor, memory and operating system, allowing loaded programs to process the captured information without the need of additional puter equipment. IP cameras can also be connected to form works, making a video surveillance system more reliable. Generally the information provided by IP camera is encoded data in several formats, such as MotionJPEG (MJPEG), , etc. [12]. The use of IP technology for fire detection offers several advantages, for example IPcamera works can detect fire origin, magnitude and propagation in more accurate ma nner pared with a single video surveillance system. However to efficiently use the IP technology for fire detection purposes, the smoke detection algorithm must perform directly in the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) domain, because decoding (from DCT domain to spatial domain) and possible encoding (from spatial domain to DCT domain) are considerably high time consuming processes. However almost all fire detection algorithms 9 including those proposed in [1–11] are carried out in the spatial domain, analyzing the value of each pixel or block of pixels. Therefore any implementation of these algorithms in IP technology requires considerably high extra processing time. This paper proposes a smoke detection algorithm, which is an extended version of that presented in UCAmI’11 [13]. The proposed algorithm operates directly in DCT domain and can be implemented in IP camerabased surveillance system. The proposed algorithm detects the presence of smoke using several smoke features, such as color, motion and spreading characteristics, which are extracted directly from DCT coefficients to avoid the decoding process. To increase the resolution of video frames without significantly increasing the putational cost, fast intertransformation of DCT coefficients proposed in [14] and [15] are used. 2. Proposed Video ProcessingBased Smoke Detection Scheme The proposed smoke detection scheme is designed to work efficiently in an IP camerabased system, in which the sequence encoded by the MJPEG codec is available as input data for the smoke detection algorithm. Recently, IP cameras with codec have been developed。 6 An Early Fire Detection Using IP Cameras Sensors ISSN 14248220 2020,12,56705686 Abstract: The presence of smoke is the first symptom of fire。這個(gè)范圍表明煙霧的顏色既不是白色的也不這么黑 的 。 傳統(tǒng)上，如果 不能避免 DCT塊與從當(dāng)前的塊 的 大小 尺寸 不同，必須計(jì)算反離散余弦變換，然后與所需的塊的大小 作為 一個(gè)新的 DCT 重新計(jì)算。 該框圖 由四個(gè)階段組成：視頻幀采集階段 、基于 DCT 變換間預(yù)處理階段 、 煙霧區(qū)域檢測階段和區(qū)域的分析階段。 這是直接 從 DCT 系數(shù) 提取 可 以避免解碼過程。 然而為了有效地使用 IP技術(shù)的火災(zāi)探測 ， 本的煙檢測算法必須直接在離散余弦變換（ DCT）域 執(zhí)行 ，因?yàn)榻獯a（從 DCT域空間域）和可能的編碼（從空間 DCT域的域）是相當(dāng)高的耗時(shí)過程。然后使用這些 LBP培養(yǎng)一個(gè)的 MNN確定煙霧的存在。因此對早期火災(zāi)探測， 感煙探測方案可能更有效。這些系統(tǒng)直到煙粒子或火焰非常接近火災(zāi)探測器設(shè)備才被激活，而且這些設(shè)備不能提供更多關(guān)于火的確切位置、大小、生長速率等 [1]的信息。接下來使用形態(tài)學(xué)操作降低噪聲， 最后 確定實(shí)驗(yàn) 煙區(qū)的生長特性 。對于一個(gè)有效的 IP 攝像頭平臺(tái)在 檢測 煙霧時(shí) ，必須直接操作檢測離散余弦變換（ DCT）域，以減少計(jì)算成本，避免了一個(gè)完整的解碼在空間域算法所需的過程 。該功能的描述取決于燃燒對象產(chǎn)生煙的化學(xué)性質(zhì)、火溫度、氧的含量等等。 該算
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