【正文】 rque, stabilizing the car and severely reducing the danger of an uncontrolled skid. The new systems control the motion not only during full braking but also during partial braking, coasting, acceleration, and engine drag on the driven wheels, circumstances well beyond what ABS and traction control can handle. The idea behind the three active safety systems is the same: One wheel locking or slipping significantly decreases directional stability or makes steering a vehicle more difficult. If a car must brake on a lowfriction surface, locking its wheels should be avoided to maintain stability and steerability. Whereas ABS and traction control prevent undesired longitudinal slip, stability control reduces loss of lateral stability. If the lateral forces of a moving ve hicle are no longer adequate at one or more wheels, the vehicle may lose stability, particularly in curves. What the drive?逾 ?半 ?? ?? ??? fishtailing is primarily a turning or spinning around the vehicle39。 附件： Spin control for cars Stability control systems are the latest in a string of technologies focusing on improved diriving safety. Such systems detect the initial phases of a skid and restore directional control in 40 milliseconds, seven times faster than the reaction time of the average human. They correct vehicle paths by adjusting engine torque or applying the left orrightside brakes, or both, as needed. The technology has already been applied to the MercedesBenz S600 coupe. Automatic stability systems can detect the onset of a skid and bring a fishtailing vehicle back on course even before its driver can react. Safety glass, seat belts, crumple zones, air bags, antilock brakes, traction control, and now stability control. The continuing progression of safety systems for cars has yielded yet another device designed to keep occupants from injury. Stability control systems help drivers recover from uncontrolled skids in curves, thus avoiding spinouts and accidents. Using puters and an array of sensors, a stability control system detects the onset of a skid and restores directional control more quickly than a human driver can. Every microsecond, the system takes a snapshot, calculating whether a car is going exactly in the direction it is being steered. If there is the slightest difference between where the driver is steering and where the vehicle is going, the system corrects its path in a splitsecond by adjusting engine torque and/or applying the cat39。這個(gè)輕微的位移就會成為汽車偏航比率的度量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。同時(shí)偏航比率回轉(zhuǎn)儀的價(jià)格必須降低，這樣才能充分應(yīng)用與汽車。這種傳感器必須很靈敏，它的控制角為177。 除了 ABS 防抱死系統(tǒng)和牽引控制系統(tǒng)所具有的關(guān)系傳感器外， VDC/ESP 運(yùn)用了偏航比率傳感器，橫向加速度傳感器，轉(zhuǎn)向角傳感器，制動壓力傳感器來獲取汽車的加速，搖擺或者剎車的信息。 ASMS 傳感器能夠快速的檢測到制動開始時(shí)各個(gè)車輪的活動，從而使車輛恢復(fù)到穩(wěn)定行駛軌道。穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)能夠通過發(fā)動機(jī)降速或者單輪制動來減小推動力。如果一輛車必須在較低摩擦系數(shù)的路面制動，必須避免車輪抱死以保持行駛穩(wěn)定性和可駕駛性。 優(yōu)于 ABS 防抱死系統(tǒng)和牽引控制系統(tǒng)之處 根據(jù)范北美 ITT 公司“汽車制動和底盤工程”主管湯姆然后他們在瑞典的安杰普勞附近的后娜瓦安湖的冰面上進(jìn)行性能測試。馬勒領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著范桑特的工作小組和奔馳汽車公司的 工程師發(fā)明了第一個(gè)完全有效的穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)由發(fā)動機(jī)扭矩控制系統(tǒng)，制動系統(tǒng)，牽引控制系統(tǒng)組成以實(shí)現(xiàn)理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)運(yùn)動之間的最小差距。 利用計(jì)算機(jī)和一系列傳感器，穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)能夠檢測到制動輪的打滑并且比人更快的恢復(fù)對汽車的方向控制。 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文資料翻譯 設(shè)計(jì)題目 : 小型特種車輛制動系統(tǒng)改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì) 譯文題目 : Spin control for cars 學(xué)生姓名： 學(xué) 號： 專業(yè)班級： 指導(dǎo)教師： 正文： 汽車的轉(zhuǎn)向控制 附 件： Spin control for cars 指導(dǎo)教師評語： 簽名： 年 月 日 正文： 汽車的轉(zhuǎn)向控制 全文：版權(quán)所有 1995 年美國機(jī)械工程師學(xué)會 控制系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性是針對提高駕駛安全性提出的一系列措施中最新的一個(gè)。穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)幫助駕駛員從不可控制的曲線制動中解脫出來，從而避免了汽車的擺動滑行和交通事故。項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人阿明工程師默西迪絲在柏林應(yīng)用戴姆勒奔馳汽車虛擬駕駛模擬器在極限情況下對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行評估，例如極強(qiáng)的側(cè)風(fēng)。格雷得說。另外，系統(tǒng)采用了用于導(dǎo)彈制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)的回旋傳感器。 三種主動的安全系統(tǒng)的作用時(shí)刻 是一致的，那就是一個(gè)車輪被鎖死或者車輪漸漸失去方向穩(wěn)定性或者車輪使得行駛更加困難。這種情況是駕駛員不能感覺類似于 ABS 防抱死系統(tǒng)接近于抱死極限，而使車輛不失去控制。 ITT 的格雷柏解釋說：“過度轉(zhuǎn)向引起車輛擺尾，使汽車更快的失控。 ABS 防抱死 系統(tǒng)是獨(dú)立的，只提供四分之一的這樣的容量，而 ABS 和牽引控制系統(tǒng)組合在一起的容量只有這個(gè)軟件容量的一半。這種類似的傳感器通過一臺直線霍爾發(fā)電機(jī)把彈簧的直線運(yùn)動轉(zhuǎn)變成電信號來實(shí)現(xiàn)對彈簧機(jī)構(gòu)的控制。這種傳感器需要一項(xiàng)更大的投資以應(yīng)對汽車所處的極端環(huán)境狀態(tài)。如果有信號輸入，節(jié)點(diǎn)的位置和曲線的波谷就會在相對的防線繞著圓筒壁做旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動（科里奧利加速度）。新一代的安全系統(tǒng) 也會起到同樣的效果。 Chassis Systems at ITT Automotive North America. Company engineers are now adapting the system to specific car models from six original equipment manufacturers. A lesssophisticated and lesseffective Bosch stability control system already appears