【正文】 為了測試值的準(zhǔn)確，要求各電極間的距離不得小于 10 米。 從接地的目的來看，特別是對室外設(shè)備接地，防漏電和防雷電就顯得特別重要。 防側(cè)擊雷施工方法 ： (1)直敷設(shè)的金屬管道及金屬物的頂端與防雷裝置連接 . (2)進(jìn)入建筑物的埋地金屬管道、屋面所有金屬管道 及其構(gòu)架亦與防雷裝置連接 . (3)在施工中注意接地體（線）的搭接長度必須符合下列規(guī)定： ○ 1 扁鋼為其寬度的 2 倍（且至少 3 個(gè)棱邊焊接）； ○ 2 圓鋼連接采用雙面搭接連續(xù)焊 ，焊縫長度不小于直徑的 6 倍，焊縫外觀良好； ○ 3 圓鋼與扁鋼連接時(shí)，其長度為圓鋼直徑的 6 倍； ○ 4 扁鋼與鋼管、扁鋼與角鋼焊接時(shí)，為了連接可靠，除應(yīng)在其接觸部位兩側(cè)進(jìn)行焊接外，并應(yīng)焊以由鋼帶彎成的弧形（或直角形）卡子或直接由鋼帶本身彎面弧形（或直角形）與鋼管（或角鋼）焊接 . ○ 5 外露的避雷帶采用熱鍍鋅的專門夾式支持碼支持，避免支持件與避雷帶焊接 . ○ 6 用鋼管作防雷接地裝置（含針、帶等）時(shí)，管壁厚不小于 ，管內(nèi)設(shè)置合適的襯管 .襯管外徑與被連接鋼管內(nèi)徑相吻合，襯長度不小于其外徑的 4 倍 . ○ 7 在距首層地面 － 引出易于操作維護(hù)的永久性測試點(diǎn) .測試點(diǎn)有明顯的接地標(biāo)志及可靠的防損防腐措施 . ○ 8 接地電阻應(yīng)進(jìn)行檢測，177。 (6)新工作人員必須經(jīng)過對接地線使用的培訓(xùn)、學(xué)習(xí)，考核合格后，方能單獨(dú)從事接地線操作或使用工作 。因此，要正確使用接地線，規(guī)范掛、拆接地線的行為，自覺培養(yǎng)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)陌踩ぷ髯黠L(fēng)，提高自身的安全素質(zhì)，才能拒危險(xiǎn)隱患于千里之外，才能避免由于接地線原因引起的電氣事故。亦可測量低電阻導(dǎo)體的電阻值和土壤電阻率。分為垂直接地體和水平接地體。 對于受干擾影響不大的直流和交流設(shè)備，可以接在一起 —— 即使直流和交流電路因?yàn)槟撤N原因連通了，因?yàn)樗麄儾皇峭粋€(gè)回路（接地可不是回路中的一部分），也不會(huì)造成設(shè)備損壞。這種接地方式的好處在于：當(dāng)接地系統(tǒng)中的其中一臺設(shè)備接地線出現(xiàn)斷路時(shí)，不會(huì)造成其它設(shè)備外殼出現(xiàn)電壓，對保障人身安全有好處。在 IEC 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和 ITU相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中都不提倡單獨(dú)接地，美國標(biāo)準(zhǔn) IEEEStd11001992 更尖銳地指出 :不建議采用任何一種所謂分開的、獨(dú)立的、計(jì)算機(jī)的、電子的或其 它這類不正確的大地接地體作為設(shè)備接地導(dǎo)體的一個(gè)連接點(diǎn)。電位 1 介紹 近年來，很多國內(nèi)外的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不主張信息設(shè)備采用獨(dú)立的接地裝置，推薦采用共用接地系統(tǒng)。 galvanized grounding bar, flat steel in the underground buried depth should not be less . 7 Importance of grounding and lightning grounding resistance testing 8 Lightning protection and grounding technology,In order to solve the munication work (including the user terminal ) overvoltage protection for the purpose, has developed a variety of lightning protection and grounding technology, these are to ensure the reliability of telemunication work technology, is the important basic technology in the field of munication. Now monly used by telemunications building integrated earthing( grounding ) and introduces a variety of lightning protection device. But, now has access to the optical fiber munication era, even in the munication work of the user terminal, at the same time, and connected to an AC power line, at the user terminal using the large scale integrated circuit is more and more, the new features of the lightning protection and grounding, raised new requirement, we must try to adapt to these new resistance test technology. In recent years, because of digital technology and the development of optical munication technology, so that the original installation in a telephone exchange part of the exchange, transmission equipment to the user mobile, and often these devices are mounted to the general residential buildings and overhead, so ask them with the telephone exchange room floor shielding effect, it is obviously not possible, then how to do? Now hand requires these devices improve the adaptability, on the other hand, in order to prevent the leakage of electricity and lightning voltage on human body and equipment hazards, grounding and lightning protection is the grounding purposes, especially for outdoor equipment grounding, leakage current and lightning protection is particularly important. The grounding resistance requirements, technical standards are clearly defined, it is. In order to ensure that the grounding resistance value to meet the requirement, after construction of the grounding resistance testing work is very necessary. But with the progress of the modernization of city, now the city roads and sidewalks are all concrete pavement asphalt pavement or covered now, if still use auxiliary electrode method to test the ground resistance, it is difficult to too much. The new ground resistance test method are 1, the existing ground resistance test grounding resistance is equal to the grounding electrode potential and the injected current ratio. The current earth resistance test method, as shown in figure 1. Where E is the grounding electrode, C is injected into the current of the auxiliary electrode, P is to test the potential of the auxiliary electrode imaginary reference point. Test, signal device in the E ~ C electrode with500 ~ 2KHz AC current by the dotted line into a flow, a current meter and a voltage meter readings, we can find the grounding resistance value. In order to test the value of accurate, the distance between the electrodes shall be not less than 10meters. The distance, in the downtown area of the city, is often difficult to do. 9 防雷接地 摘要 防雷減災(zāi)的意義在于用很少的錢預(yù)防大的損失 ， 其作用在于使用科學(xué)的手段規(guī)避自然災(zāi)害 。 C DC grounding, grounding resistance should be according to the puter system specific requirements determined。 while the disadvantage is that: when the public grounding line open circuit, if the grounding system has a device leakage, can cause other equipment which occurred on voltage, a threat to the safety of personnel. Backup ground terminal introducing a grounding line, and then the number of lines at the same time received a grounding device. The grounding system is: when the grounding system in which a device grounding wire broken circuit, will not cause other equipment enclosure voltage, to ensure personal safety. This grounding mode is: if it is not perfect on the interference of high frequency electronic equipment or other highly sensitive electrical equipment, high frequency interference from other devices ( such as converter, intermediate frequency stove thyristor converter parts) will be from the mon place of string, causing the device is not working properly. Multiple branching of single point grounding: or third grounding ways. Grounding method: each equipm