chap_06supply,demandandgovernmentpolicies(曼昆-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 :27:4720:27:47February 28, 2023 1意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人能把世界放在手中像泥塊一樣任意揉捏。 2023年 2月 下午 8時(shí) 27分 :27February 28, 2023 1少年十五二十時(shí)，步行奪得胡馬騎。 下午 8時(shí) 27分 47秒 下午 8時(shí) 27分 20:27: 沒(méi)有失敗，只有暫時(shí)停止成功！。 20:27:4720:27:4720:272/28/2023 8:27:47 PM 1以我獨(dú)沈久，愧君相見(jiàn)頻。 2023 by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reserved A tax on sellers shifts the supply curve upward by the amount of the tax ($). Tax ($) Equilibrium with tax A Payroll Tax Quantity of Labor 0 Wage Wage without tax Labor demand Labor supply Tax wedge Wage firms pay Wage workers receive The Incidence of Tax ?In what proportions is the burden of the tax divided? ?How do the effects of taxes on sellers pare to those levied on buyers? The answers to these questions depend on the elasticity of demand and the elasticity of supply. Elastic Supply, Inelastic Demand... Quantity 0 Price Demand Supply Tax 1. When supply is more elastic than demand... 2. ...the incidence of the tax falls more heavily on consumers... 3. ...than on producers. Price without tax Price buyers pay Price sellers receive Inelastic Supply, Elastic Demand... Quantity 0 Price Demand Supply Price without tax Tax 1. When demand is more elastic than supply... 2. ...the incidence of the tax falls more heavily on producers... 3. ...than on consumers. Price buyers pay Price sellers receive So, how is the burden of the tax divided? The burden of a tax falls more heavily on the side of the market that is less elastic. Summary ?Price controls include price ceilings and price floors. ? A price ceiling is a legal maximum on the price of a good or service. An example is rent control. ?A price floor is a legal minimum on the price of a good or a service. An example is the minimum wage. Summary ?Taxes are used to raise revenue for public purposes. ?When the government levies a tax on a good, the equilibrium quantity of the good falls. ?A tax on a good places a wedge between the price paid by buyers and the price received by sellers. Summary ?The incidence of a tax refers to who bears the burden of a tax. ?The incidence of a tax does not depend on whether the tax is levied on buyers or sellers. ?The incidence of the tax depends on the price elasticities of supply and demand. Graphical Review A Price Ceiling That Is Not Binding... $4 3 Quantity of IceCream Cones 0 Price of IceCream Cone Demand Supply Price ceiling Equilibrium price 100 Equilibrium quantity Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2023 by Harcourt, Inc. A Price Ceiling That Is Binding... $3 Quantity of IceCream Cones 0 Price of IceCream Cone 2 Demand Supply Equilibrium price Price ceiling Shortage 125 Quantity demanded 75 Quantity supplied Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 Tax Lev
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