【正文】 (3) If the lobby can’t be provided with natural lighting and smoke exhaust, mechanical smoke prevention system should be installed and liability and effectiveness should be ensured. (4) Lobby and transfer passageway should be finished with nonbustibles, no bustibles and other articles that may not guarantee the safe evacuation of the occupants should be permitted in the lobby and the transfer passageway。希望改進后的消防設計方法可以為類似的建筑提供有價值的參考。因此建議在大廳和公寓內(nèi)安裝滅火器。 樓梯與大廳的共用間和消防電梯 (1)應采取措施保證在建筑的上部和下部的電梯可以自動下降到最低層（轉(zhuǎn)換層消防電梯的上部和一樓較低的部分）以防火災（2） 每一層樓電梯井內(nèi)的通風管道應能防火，保護門應為C類防火門（3） 滅火器應安裝在大堂和每個公寓樓，可以用來撲滅小火。（4）相鄰的電梯，樓梯，走廊和公寓應使用單獨的疏散通道。 （a） （b）圖一，高層住宅建筑素描圖根據(jù)高層民用建筑設計防火規(guī)范“GB5004595（2005）【1】”,這類住宅應被設計成防火建筑，然而在建筑消防設計中出現(xiàn)了以下問題。這樣，大火覆蓋了建筑的外表面，為消防員的滅火增加了難度。希望，建議的解決方案可以為類似的高層建筑的消防安全設計提供參考。關(guān)鍵詞： 高層住宅建筑；消防設計；消防電梯1. 引言“”上海災難性的火災引起了人們對高層住宅建筑消防安全的思考。 一般來說，高層建筑居民要比低層建筑居民多，另外，高層建筑高度大使得疏散更加困難。，居民無法轉(zhuǎn)移到建筑物外由圖一知，這個建筑形式很新穎。（5）鋼結(jié)構(gòu)桁架的轉(zhuǎn)換層應防火，確保鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安全。應采取措施保證在建筑的上部和下部的電梯可以自動下降到最低層（轉(zhuǎn)換層消防電梯的上部和一樓較低的部分）以防火災 通過可行性分析和有效性分析解決一下三方面問題：確保居民安全疏散，控制早期火災和控制煙霧蔓延。（3） 煙霧和有毒氣體的控制 如果發(fā)生火災，通過防煙樓梯是住戶疏散到安全地方的唯一的路徑，而消防電梯有助于消防工具和設備的運輸。參考文獻[1] The Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China, 2005, Code for Fire Protection Design of Tall Buildings GB 5004595 (2005Edition). China Planning Press, Beijing.[2] Zhang Xiaoling, Zheng Yanqiu, 2007. Discussion on the design of shared lobby of buildings, Asia Fire Protection 1, p. 58.[3] The Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China, 2006, Code for design of building fire protection and prevention GB 500152006.China Planning Press, Beijing[4] Tian Yumin, 2005. Function of fire elevator in evacuation and fire fighting, Fire Technique and Products Information 9, p. 34.[5] Wang Bing. Discussion on Problems of Fire Evacuation of Modular Highrise Housing [J]. Fire Science and Technology. 2009, 4: 182183.[6] Naohiro Takeichi, Yoshiyuki Yoshida, Tomonori Sano, etc, 2007. Characteristics of Merging Occupants in a Staircase, Fire Science and Technology 4,[7] Dai Wenyan, Qin Jian, Zhou Yuanyuan, 2012. Discussion on Setting of Residual Pressure Valve in Pressurization Design, Construction Science andDiscussion on the fire safety design of a highrise buildingMA Qianlia, GUO Weib,* aEcocity Branch of Binhai New Area Fire Brigade, NO. 7, Zhongxin Road, Binhai New Area, Tianjin 300457, China bFire Code Research Division of Tianjin Fire Research Institute of MPS, NO. 110, Weijin Road (South), Nankai District Tianjin 300381, ChinaAbstractThere are several problems in the fire safety design of a highrise residential building: the staircase for evacuation can’t run from the topto the ground and the occupants can’t directly evacuate to the outside of the building。 (5 Family doors should be protected by Class A fire door。 (4) The fire prevention design can reduce fire hazards effectively and control the property loss within acceptable range.5. Suggested solutions In order to fulfill the above fire safety objectives, the following solutions have been suggested.. Transfer floor and transfer passageway (1) Transfer floor and transfer passageway should be designed and there should be no bustibles inside the transfer lobby on the transfer floor. Independent mechanical smoke exhaust system or natural smoke exhaust system with opening area not less than 5% of the room area should be installed to secure the safety of the occupants during evacuation through the transfer floor. Rooms connectin