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【正文】 llerBrockmann, who designed posters in a severe yet accessible manner typical of the 1950s and 1960s eraFrom road signs to technical schematics, from interoffice memorandums to reference manuals, graphic design enhances transfer of knowledge. Readability is enhanced by improving the visual presentation of text.Design can also aid in selling a product or idea through effective visual munication. It is applied to products and elements of pany identity like logos, colors, and text. Together these are defined as branding (see also advertising). Branding has increasingly bee important in the range of services offered by many graphic designers, alongside corporate identity, and the terms are often used interchangeably.Textbooks are designed to present subjects such as geography, science, and math. These publications have layouts which illustrate theories and diagrams. A mon example of graphics in use to educate is diagrams of human anatomy. Graphic design is also applied to layout and formatting of educational material to make the information more accessible and more readily understandable.Graphic design is applied in the entertainment industry in decoration, scenery, and visual story telling. Other examples of design for entertainment purposes include novels, ic books, opening credits and closing credits in film, and programs and props on stage. This could also include artwork used for tshirts and other items screenprinted for sale.From scientific journals to news reporting, the presentation of opinion and facts is often improved with graphics and thoughtful positions of visual information known as information design. Newspapers, magazines, blogs, television and film documentaries may use graphic design to inform and entertain. With the advent of the web, information designers with experience in interactive tools such as Adobe Flash are increasingly being used to illustrate the background to news stories.A graphic design project may involve the stylization and presentation of existing text and either preexisting imagery or images developed by the graphic designer. For example, a newspaper story begins with the journalists and photojournalists and then bees the graphic designer39。幫助企業(yè)進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新，贏得市場，并獲得額外利潤，以提高企業(yè)產(chǎn)品的價(jià)值。零部件的再生利用濕可持續(xù)戰(zhàn)略的有力措施。要求設(shè)計(jì)師放棄那種過分強(qiáng)調(diào)產(chǎn)品在外觀上標(biāo)新立異的做法，而將重點(diǎn)放在真正意義上的創(chuàng)新上面，已一種更為負(fù)責(zé)的方法去創(chuàng)造產(chǎn)品的形態(tài)，用更簡潔、長久的造型使產(chǎn)品盡可能地延長其使用壽命?？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略是解決在不危害未來幾代人的需求前提下，盡量滿足當(dāng)代人的需求的問題。設(shè)計(jì)師還必須掌握必要的材料、工藝、化工、制造等方面的知識，使得其設(shè)計(jì)不對環(huán)境造成危害而成為可能。酸雨破壞土壤，使湖泊酸化，危害動植物生長；刺激人的皮膚，誘發(fā)皮膚病，引起肺水腫、肺硬化；會腐蝕金屬制品、油漆、皮革、紡織品和含碳酸鹽的建筑。隨著人口的急劇增加和工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，越來越多的二氧化碳排入大氣中；又由于森林被大量砍伐，大氣中原本應(yīng)被森林吸收的二氧化碳沒有被吸收，致使二氧化碳逐漸增加，溫室效應(yīng)也不斷增強(qiáng)。視桿對光很敏感但是對顏色不是很敏感。常見的矩陣包括：金屬板，通常是銅或鋅的雕刻或蝕刻。排版設(shè)計(jì)師平面設(shè)計(jì)的一部分，是在網(wǎng)頁設(shè)計(jì)中是圖形設(shè)計(jì)，處理安排風(fēng)格（內(nèi)容）的要素。視覺藝術(shù)的作品主要是視覺性的東西從使用傳統(tǒng)的傳播媒介、攝影或電腦產(chǎn)生的藝術(shù)。報(bào)紙，雜志，博客，電視和電影紀(jì)錄片，可以使用平面設(shè)計(jì)通知及娛樂。教科書的目的是本科目，如地理、科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)。平面設(shè)計(jì)稱為企業(yè)形象。 Tschichold ，包豪斯印刷專家如赫伯特拜耳和拉斯洛莫霍伊一納吉，和El Lissitzky 是平面設(shè)計(jì)之父都被我們今天所知。莫里斯的工作，以及與其他私營新聞運(yùn)動，直接影響新藝術(shù)風(fēng)格和間接負(fù)責(zé)20世紀(jì)初非專業(yè)性平面設(shè)計(jì)的事態(tài)發(fā)展。在19世紀(jì)后期歐洲，尤其是在英國，平面設(shè)計(jì)開始以獨(dú)立的運(yùn)動從美術(shù)中分離出來。例如，可能包括產(chǎn)品包裝的標(biāo)志或其他藝術(shù)作品，舉辦文字和純粹的設(shè)計(jì)元素，如形狀和顏色統(tǒng)一件。平面設(shè)計(jì)師可以使用印刷，視覺藝術(shù)和排版技術(shù)產(chǎn)生的最終結(jié)果。在平面設(shè)計(jì)，“其實(shí)質(zhì)是使以信息，形成以思想，言論和感覺的經(jīng)驗(yàn)”。從1892年至1896年威廉 莫里斯凱爾姆斯科特出版社出版的書籍的一些最重要的平面設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品和工藝美術(shù)運(yùn)動，并提出了一個非常賺錢的商機(jī)就是出版?zhèn)ゴ笪谋菊摰膱D書并以高價(jià)出售給富人。個性化的運(yùn)動藝術(shù)在俄羅斯大革命是沒有價(jià)值的，從而走向以創(chuàng)造物體的功利為目的。引發(fā)野火的“現(xiàn)代”建筑和設(shè)計(jì)。將它應(yīng)用到產(chǎn)品和公司識別系統(tǒng)的要素像標(biāo)志、顏色和文字。其他的例子娛樂設(shè)計(jì)用途包括小說，漫畫，電影中的開幕和閉幕，在舞臺上節(jié)目的和道具的安排。現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的做法已經(jīng)擴(kuò)展到了現(xiàn)代的計(jì)算機(jī)，例如在使用所見的用戶界面，通常被稱為交互式設(shè)計(jì)，或多媒體設(shè)計(jì)。印刷術(shù)是由排字工機(jī) ，排字，印刷工人 ，圖形藝術(shù)家，藝術(shù)總
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