【正文】 1 否定句的基本規(guī)則 在任何語(yǔ)言，我們都有必要造出〝否定〞的句子，在中文，寫出否定句子并非難事，在英文，無(wú)論任何否定句子，都必須遵行一些規(guī)定，以下是否定句子的例子 肯定句子 否定句子 I like music. I don’t like music. He loves swimming. He does not love swimming. They have e to work. They have not e to work. Mary went to see a movie yesterday. Mary did not go to see a movie yesterday. John is a good boy. John is not a good boy. I will go to New York tomorrow. I will not go to New York tomorrow. He can sing. He can not sing. You may go now. You may not go now. He should sleep early. He should not sleep early. 16It is raining now. It is not raining now. It rains very often here. It does not rain very often here. He has a lot of money. He does not have a lot of money. It is exciting to see this game. It is not exciting to see this game. He asked me three questions. He did not ask me three questions. 從以上的例子來(lái)看，我們可以歸納出以下的規(guī)則： 1. Verb to be 后面可以直接加 not。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，”我明天六點(diǎn)以前，我會(huì)完成這工作了”，就可以用未來(lái)完成式： I will have finished this work by six o’clock tomorrow. 以下是一些未來(lái)完成式的例子 By the time he arrives at the station, the train will have left. We will have had three meetings before six o’clock tonight. He will have written six novels next summer. 15【練習(xí)二十】 填充：（用未來(lái)進(jìn)行式或未來(lái)完成式） 1. I (watch) the baseball game tomorrow night. 2. He (finish) the report when you arrive at his home. 3. I (wash) my car tonight when my mother es. 4. They (play) their violins when the clock strikes twelve. 5. He (plete) writing this program before ten o’clock tonight. 6. He (be) the president for three years next May. 7. I (wash) my car when you e tonight. 8. I (read) this report before six o’clock tomorrow evening. 9. Peter (dance) in the streets if Mr. Robertson is elected president. 10. I (drive) four hundred miles tomorrow. 【練習(xí)二十一】 將以下中文句子譯成英文 1. 彼得生于 1965 年，他從小就喜歡音樂，自從 1975 年起，他就一直在練習(xí)小提琴。 5. 我明天晚上回家以后，就打電話給你。1 未來(lái)式的基本規(guī)則 如果我們?cè)诰渥又?，有需要提到未?lái)的事情，就可以使用未來(lái)式，舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，以下的句子都用未來(lái)式。 ，人們?cè)谔琛?。 ，他一直在練習(xí)唱歌。以下是一些過去完成進(jìn)行式的例子： 1. I had been watching TV before you called me. 2. I had been working hard in a pany for many years before I went to college. 3. He had been studying before he went to class. 4. He had been driving all day before he went to sleep. 【練習(xí)十五】 將以下中文句子譯成英文，每一句都要用過去式和過去完成式： ，就曾見過你的母親。以下是幾個(gè)例子： （1） 他到臺(tái)灣以前，曾學(xué)過中文。 122. 從去年起，他就在念英文。 。 〝亂世佳人〞。 。 【練習(xí)十一】 將以下句子譯成英文，全部用現(xiàn)在完成式： 1980 年，我就每天早上游泳。I have never danced in my life. （4） 我看過〝雙城記〞。He has already pleted the work. （3）我已經(jīng)測(cè)試了這個(gè)程序。He has worked here since 1950. （6）我認(rèn)識(shí)他已經(jīng)很久了。 ，我媽媽在燒飯。 ，他在看報(bào)（read newspaper）。 。 。 。 。 。1 過去式 過去式是指過去所發(fā)生的事。 。 【練習(xí)四】 將下列句子譯成英文，有的用現(xiàn)在式，有的用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式： 。 。 。 。很多人將這句話翻成 I eat lunch. 這就錯(cuò)了，因?yàn)楱擨 eat lunch.〞的意思并不是〝我在吃午飯〞，而是〝我有吃午飯的習(xí)慣〞，意思是說(shuō)，有人中午不吃午飯（可能是在減肥），我可是每天中午都會(huì)吃午飯的。 以下的句子都用上了〝be〞 I want to be a teacher. He wants to be a good father. They all love to be rich. No one likes to be poor. 規(guī)則（６）：英文中有所謂的助動(dòng)詞。 ＊ He write very well. ＊ Jack love playing the violin. ＊ Mary swim every day. 正確的句子是： He writes very well. Jack loves playing the violin. Mary swims every day. 規(guī)則（４）：絕大多數(shù)的否定的句子，不能直接加“not”。這些規(guī)則都是我們中國(guó)人所常常不注意的。3 形容詞子句（Adjective Clauses） 38【練習(xí)五十三】 39【練習(xí)五十四】 40【練習(xí)五十五】 40第十二章 冠詞（Articles） 4012167。3 不定詞（Infinitives ） 299167。2 回答不只是〝yes〞和〝no〞的問句 20III【練習(xí)二十六】 20【練習(xí)二十七】 20第八章 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)氣(Passive Voice) 218167。1 現(xiàn)在完成式（Present Perfect Tense） 9【練習(xí)十一】 11【練習(xí)十二】 12【練習(xí)十三】 124167。 1規(guī)則（２）：如一定要同時(shí)用兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，后者的前面必須加“to”或者將后者加入“ing”。2 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式 5【練習(xí)三】 6【練習(xí)四】 6第三章　 過去式和過去進(jìn)行式 63167。1 否定句的基本規(guī)則 16【練習(xí)二十三】 176167。5 問句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)氣 25【練習(xí)三十四】 26【練習(xí)三十五】 26【練習(xí)三十六】 26【練習(xí)三十七】 26第九章 動(dòng)詞如何轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞 動(dòng)名詞（Gerund）和不定詞（Infinitive） 279167。3 不定詞（Infinitives ）作為形容詞和副詞 35【練習(xí)四十七】 35第十一章 詞組（Phrases）和子句（Clauses） 3611167。2 特殊的比較級(jí)規(guī)則 50【練習(xí)六十三】 5113167。 以下幾個(gè)句子都是錯(cuò)的，因?yàn)檫@些句子中都有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞連在一起的情形： ＊ I hate eat fish. ＊ I love play basketball. ＊ I love swim. 如果你一定要講“我愛游泳”，怎么辦呢？請(qǐng)看以下的規(guī)則。 幾乎每一個(gè)英文動(dòng)詞的過去式都有變化，以下是幾個(gè)例子： 現(xiàn)在式 過去式 go went e came eat ate play played swim swam 不論那一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，都有一個(gè)原形動(dòng)詞，一切都是從這個(gè)原形動(dòng)詞變出來(lái)的，像 go、drink、have、walk、love、like等等都是原形動(dòng)詞。 規(guī)則（７）：英文問句要有助動(dòng)詞 我們先看看以下的英文句子，這些都是錯(cuò)的： ＊ How many books you wrote？ ＊ How many sons you have？ 正確的句子是： Why do you drink so much water？ How many books did you write？ How many sons do you have？ 絕大多數(shù)的英文問句子是一定要有助動(dòng)詞，以下全是正確的英文問句，你可以看出每一句的助動(dòng)詞嗎？ Do you love me？ Did you go to school yesterday？ How many books do you have？ How much money does he have？ Why don’t you go back home？ Do you like to swim？ Can you play violin？ Will you go home tomorrow？ Would you give me a call？ 當(dāng)然啦，一旦動(dòng)詞是 verb to be，我們又不需要助動(dòng)詞了，以下都是正確的英文問句： Are you a teacher? Is he a student? Is Mr. Chang your father? Were your mother and father in England last year? 規(guī)則（８）：特殊動(dòng)詞隨主詞的變化 英文中，有些動(dòng)詞因主詞不同而改變，verb to be 是其中之一，因此，我們必須記得以下的規(guī)則： 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 單數(shù) I am You are （He，She，It）is 現(xiàn)在式 復(fù)數(shù) We are You are They are 單數(shù) I was You were （He，She，It）was 過去式 復(fù)數(shù) We were You were They were Verb to have 也有類似的變化： 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 單數(shù) I have You have （He，She，It）has 現(xiàn)在式 復(fù)數(shù) We have You have They have 單數(shù) I had You had （He，She，It）had 過去式 復(fù)數(shù) We had You had They had 【練習(xí)一】 以下的句子都有錯(cuò)，請(qǐng)將正確的句子寫出來(lái)： 1.＊ I am like my parent. 2.＊ He is loves his teacher. 3.＊ He keeps swim every day. 4.＊ He wants drink a glass of water. 5.＊ He likes play violin. 6.＊ Jack do not love mathematics. 7.＊ Mary hate singing. 8.＊ My mother cook very good food. 9.＊ He want me to see him tomorrow. 10.＊ He not knows my name. 11.＊ I not like you. 12.＊ He not like swimming. 13.＊ You not went home. 314.＊ I not like swimming. 15.＊ I wanted to went to my mother’s home. 16.＊ I do not like to swimming. 17.＊ I did not ate dinner. 18.＊ I will not went home. 19.＊ He did not went home. 20.＊ You may leaving now. 21.＊ He can swimming. 22.＊ He does not goes to work. 第