【正文】 比如在前包裝和后工序的檢測(cè)，我們就要將包裝的信息反饋到檢測(cè)處，而檢測(cè)處的信息也要反饋到包裝來(lái)。PLC的語(yǔ)言并不是我們所想象的匯編語(yǔ)言或C語(yǔ)言來(lái)進(jìn)行編程，而是采用原有的繼電器控制的梯形圖，使得電氣工程師在編寫程序時(shí)很容易就理解了PLC的語(yǔ)言，而且很多的非電氣專業(yè)人士也對(duì)PLC很快認(rèn)識(shí)并深入。t result in procedure circulate. The PLC also has the similar circumstance, there is a watchdog WDT in the inner part of PLC, we can establish time that a procedure of WDT circulate, being to appear the procedure to jump to turn the mistake in the procedure movement process or the procedure is busy, movement time of the procedure exceeds WDT constitution time, the CPU turn but the WDT reset the appearance. The procedure restarts the movement, but will not carry on the breakage to the interruption.The PLC development has already entered for network ages of correspondence from the mode of the one, and together other works control the net plank and I/ O card planks to carry on the share easily. A state software can pass all se hardwares link, more animation picture of keep the view to carries on the control, and cans pass the Internet to carry on the control in the foreign land, the blastoff that is like the absolute being boat is to adopt this kind of way to make airship go up the sky.The development of the higher layer needs our continuous effort to PLC emergence has already affected a few persons fully, we also obtained more knowledge and precepts from the top one experience of the generation, ing to the continuous development PLC technique, push it toward higher wave tide.附錄3：中文譯文可編程控制器技術(shù)討論與未來(lái)發(fā)展隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展,當(dāng)今的技術(shù)也日趨完善、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)愈演愈烈，單靠人工的操作已不能滿足于目前的制造業(yè)前景，也無(wú)法保證更高質(zhì)量的要求和高新技術(shù)企業(yè)的形象。 A work of half is also 2 and can can send out similar to accept the data, but can39。 The saving machine can deposit the data that the I/ O input in the saving machine, and in work adjusting to bee tired to add the machine and I/ Os to connect, saving machine separately saving machine RAM of the procedure saving machine ROM and datas, the ROM can can do deposit of the data permanence in the saving machine, but RAM only for the CPU putes the temporary calculation usage of hour of buffer space.The PLC anti interference is very and excellent, our root need not concern its service life and the work situation bad, these all problems have already no longer bee the topic that we fail, but stay to our is a concern to e to internal resources of make use of the PLC to strengthen the control ability of the equipments for us, make our equipments more gentle.PLC language is not we imagine of edit collected materials the language or language of Cs to carry on weaving the distance, but the trapezoid diagram that the adoption is original after the electric appliances to control, make the electrical engineering teacher while weaving to write the procedure very easy prehended the PLC language, and a lot of non electricity professional also very quickly know and go deep into to the PLC.Is PLC one of the advantage above and only, this is also one part that the people prehend more and easily, in a lot of equipmentses, the people have already no longer hoped to see too many control buttons, they damage not only and easily and produce the artificial error easiest, small is not a main error perhaps you can still accept。t satisfied with the current manufacturing industry foreground, also can39。致謝對(duì)于這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的順利完成、畢業(yè)論文的撰寫與完善，我十分感謝我的導(dǎo)師石萬(wàn)里老師！本設(shè)計(jì)從選題到主體控制方案的定奪，我的導(dǎo)師都對(duì)我給予了很大的幫助與指導(dǎo)。2％范圍內(nèi)。監(jiān)控畫面繪制過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)述如下：，：在資源管理器窗口里點(diǎn)擊新建按鈕，輸入項(xiàng)目名稱，選擇保存路徑，單擊“創(chuàng)建”按鈕，一個(gè)新的工程就建立了。 元件設(shè)置根據(jù)元件設(shè)置進(jìn)行梯形圖程序的編寫，編寫后的梯形圖程序如附錄1所示。需要注意的是，1泵、2泵仍按照生活供水流程圖工作，即三臺(tái)泵共同保障供水。手動(dòng)模式下，每個(gè)設(shè)備能夠單獨(dú)運(yùn)行，便于設(shè)備性能的測(cè)試與設(shè)備維護(hù)。(2) 采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)法的應(yīng)用程序設(shè)計(jì)：經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)法，即在一些典型的控制電路程序的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)系統(tǒng)功能要求，進(jìn)行選擇組合，并反復(fù)調(diào)試和修改梯形圖，有時(shí)需增加一些輔助觸點(diǎn)和中間編程環(huán)節(jié)，才能達(dá)到控制要求[3]。KM KM KM5分別為電動(dòng)機(jī)M1 、M2 、M3工頻交流接觸器，KM0、 KM2 、KM4分別為電動(dòng)機(jī)MM M3 變頻變頻交流接觸器。根據(jù)樓高45米，可以選擇揚(yáng)程為60米的水泵。揚(yáng)程一般要用放大5%——10%余量來(lái)選擇。 用DIP開關(guān)設(shè)置EM235擴(kuò)展模塊 變頻器選型在控制三相交流電動(dòng)機(jī)速度的領(lǐng)域里，MICROMASTER系列變頻器是使用最多而且性價(jià)比最高的。組態(tài)王軟件作為一個(gè)開放型的通用工業(yè)監(jiān)控軟件，支持與國(guó)內(nèi)外常見(jiàn)的PLC、智能模塊、智能儀表、變頻器、數(shù)據(jù)采集板卡等（如：西門子PLC、莫迪康PLC、歐姆龍PLC、三菱PLC、研華模塊等）通過(guò)常規(guī)通訊接口（如串口方式、USB接口方式、以太網(wǎng)、總線、GPRS等）進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)通訊[2]。傳感器變頻器供水管系PLC電腦通過(guò)壓力傳感器，將水壓轉(zhuǎn)化為0~10V電信號(hào)，傳入EM235模擬量擴(kuò)展模塊，在PLC主機(jī)中進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理后，傳給MICROMASTER420變頻器控制三相電機(jī)。本次設(shè)計(jì)的高層建筑恒壓供水系統(tǒng)需要適用于生活用水以及消防用水的供水要求，設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)需要考慮以下因素:(1)供水系統(tǒng)的控制對(duì)象是用戶供水管網(wǎng)的水壓，它是一個(gè)過(guò)程控制量，對(duì)控制作用的響應(yīng)具有滯后性。使用壓力傳感器對(duì)供水水壓進(jìn)行連續(xù)檢測(cè)，原理是壓電轉(zhuǎn)換，檢測(cè)到的壓力信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成0～10V電壓信號(hào)后送給可編程控制器（PLC），PLC通過(guò)PID運(yùn)算梯形圖程序進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理。變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)同其它供水方式相比較，除了具有顯著的節(jié)能效果外，還有以下的顯而易見(jiàn)的優(yōu)勢(shì)：通過(guò)設(shè)置變頻器參數(shù)，直接改變的是電動(dòng)機(jī)的變頻輸入電源頻率，間接則達(dá)到了調(diào)節(jié)水泵轉(zhuǎn)速，改變了水泵出口壓力，比靠調(diào)節(jié)閥門的控制方式，具有降低管道阻力大大減少截流損失的效能。在下班、節(jié)假日的時(shí)候，屬于用水高峰期，水的供給量需求更高；而在用水低峰期，用水供過(guò)于求，管壓對(duì)設(shè)備的維護(hù)的影響需要注意。人們?cè)?jīng)嘗試過(guò)多種多樣的供水方式，直到恒壓供水技術(shù)出現(xiàn)以前。當(dāng)水泵工作在變頻模式，它的出口流量大于額定流量時(shí)，可以控制水泵降低轉(zhuǎn)速甚至，避免了水泵持續(xù)高負(fù)荷工作，降低了維護(hù)費(fèi)用，延長(zhǎng)了使用周期。處理后，數(shù)據(jù)通過(guò)通訊傳給變頻器，控制主水泵電機(jī)的運(yùn)行頻率，從而調(diào)節(jié)供水量。(2)不同的用戶在用水量和用水揚(yáng)程等方面存在著較大的差異，在系統(tǒng)硬件選型、設(shè)計(jì)、制作時(shí)，需要考慮到最大用水量和用水揚(yáng)程。水壓變化是系統(tǒng)的控制輸入量，它的準(zhǔn)確度直接決定了系統(tǒng)的精度和可靠性，因此，壓力傳感器的選型至關(guān)重要。采用組態(tài)王軟件開發(fā)監(jiān)控項(xiàng)目，能夠極大限度地增強(qiáng)用戶生產(chǎn)控制能力、保證產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量、降低成本和能耗。本變頻器由微處理器控制，具有缺省的工廠設(shè)置參數(shù)，它是給眾多簡(jiǎn)單的電動(dòng)機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)供電的理想變頻驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置[5]。通過(guò)查閱文獻(xiàn)，得到2000——2012年全國(guó)用水總量情況及2000——2012年全國(guó)用水結(jié)構(gòu)[6]，、。即選擇的水泵為GDL型65GDL24125立式多級(jí)管道離心泵。熱繼電器(FR)是利用電流的熱效應(yīng)原理工作的保護(hù)電路，它在電路中起到的作用是電動(dòng)機(jī)的過(guò)載保護(hù)。經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)法無(wú)規(guī)律可循，一般用于較簡(jiǎn)單的程序設(shè)計(jì)[3]。開始否手動(dòng)控制？是自動(dòng)模式手動(dòng)模式 模式選擇流程圖 手動(dòng)模式流程圖系統(tǒng)供電且自動(dòng)控制開關(guān)按下時(shí)，系統(tǒng)處于自動(dòng)控制狀態(tài)，可進(jìn)行高效率的生活用水供給，工作過(guò)程分為以下幾個(gè)方面。自動(dòng)模式消防按鈕按下管內(nèi)水壓小于設(shè)定值？否是工頻啟動(dòng)3泵是反饋值大于設(shè)定值？否是斷開3泵工頻 消防供水流程圖在整個(gè)自動(dòng)模式中，調(diào)用了各個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)的程序，包括1泵、2泵、3泵的控制程序。打開編寫好的梯形圖程序，先將PLC置于“STOP”狀態(tài)，然后將程序下載到PLC中，最后將PLC切換到“RUN”狀態(tài)，運(yùn)行程序，打開梯形圖狀態(tài)監(jiān)控。然后進(jìn)行變量的添加，出現(xiàn)一個(gè)新窗口。且設(shè)計(jì)能夠滿足生活用水、消防用水，即通過(guò)控制1泵、2泵保障日常生活用水，消防緊急用水時(shí)，3泵進(jìn)入工頻運(yùn)行模式。在硬件的制作、PLC梯形圖程序的編寫、組態(tài)監(jiān)控界面的設(shè)計(jì)中，老師給我講解了PLC的許多經(jīng)典應(yīng)用、模塊化的編程思維以及組態(tài)監(jiān)控界面的程序設(shè)計(jì)。t guarantee the request of the higher quantity and high new the image of the technique business enterprise.The people see in produce practice, automate brought the tremendous convenience and the product quantities for people up of assurance, also eased the personnel39。 But lead even is a fatal error greatly is what we can39。t send out and accept at the same time, for example when you make a phone call is to can39。人們?cè)谏a(chǎn)實(shí)踐中看到，自動(dòng)化給人們帶來(lái)了極大的便利和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量上的保證,同時(shí)也減輕了人員的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，減少了人員上的編制。以上僅僅是PLC的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一，這也是