【正文】 t demand, do to。t helpless, because they are still alive, is still a dream, the sun still, we still. Lost, keep memories。 and an exception is better to give than to what 13, don39。 heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own。t want to face, don39。 FR11 M ΩR220kΩV C C1 2 VV D D12V 多功能信號(hào)發(fā)生器 15 附錄 2： 信號(hào)發(fā)生器操作界面圖 多功能信號(hào)發(fā)生器 16 （英文版 ） easily blame, to prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, take the lead in the strict implementation of the code and rule , lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of the party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management , strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an example for pliance with the code and rule is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardware. Discipline inspection ans as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline and rules consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the 多功能信號(hào)發(fā)生器 17 regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do ply with and . To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor will be subject to the supervision of concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party passes party, take the lead in practicing three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the code as morality, politics and brought to fruition。系統(tǒng)各種功能主要通過調(diào)用具體的子程序來實(shí)現(xiàn)， 主要負(fù)責(zé) 波形及參數(shù)，控制檔位的切換和人 機(jī)交互。峰值檢測器是用來檢測交流電壓峰值的電路 ， 最簡單的峰值檢測器依據(jù)半波整流原理構(gòu)成電路。 ADC12是一個(gè)精度為 12 位的 ADC 內(nèi)核， 1 位非線性微粉誤差， 1 位非線性積分誤差。 電路圖 如 圖 35 所示 。 AD9850 包括一個(gè)高速比較器，將 DA 變換器的輸出經(jīng)外部低通濾波器后接到此比較器上即可產(chǎn)生一個(gè)抖動(dòng)很小的方波，這使得AD9850 可以方便地用作時(shí)鐘發(fā)生器。 3 系統(tǒng)硬件、軟件的實(shí)現(xiàn) 硬件實(shí)現(xiàn) 微處理器電路 本作品用的 MSP430F169 最小系統(tǒng)電路如圖 31 所示 。 其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是元器件價(jià)格低廉，而且外圍電路簡單。正弦信號(hào)產(chǎn)生后，經(jīng)高速比較器后產(chǎn)生頻率相同的方波，調(diào)節(jié)參考電壓可調(diào)占空比。但是發(fā)揮部分要求正弦波以 1Hz 為步進(jìn)增加，所以用 ICL8038 不方便控制。 FPGA 在掉電后會(huì)丟失數(shù)據(jù)上電后須進(jìn)行多功能信號(hào)發(fā)生器 3 一次配置，因此 FPGA 在應(yīng)用中需要配置電路和一定的程序。 多功能信號(hào)發(fā)生器 2 2 方案設(shè)計(jì)與論證 總體方案描述 整個(gè)系統(tǒng)由 MSP430F169 微控制器，液晶彩屏顯示，觸摸屏控制、信號(hào)產(chǎn)生等模塊構(gòu)成。軟件系統(tǒng)采用菜單形式進(jìn)行操作， LCD 液晶 彩屏 顯示，操作方便明了， 還 增加了很多功能。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： AD9850；信號(hào)發(fā)生器； MSP430F169 單片機(jī) ； ASK； PSK 1 引 言 信號(hào)源起激勵(lì)作用，電路中的信號(hào)均由信號(hào)源所激勵(lì)，由激勵(lì)產(chǎn)生響應(yīng)。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)上電后，單片機(jī)啟動(dòng) DDS，對(duì) LED 進(jìn)行初始化，預(yù)制完畢后向單片機(jī)發(fā)出一系列應(yīng)答，接著單片機(jī)讀取存儲(chǔ)器數(shù)據(jù)，送至 LED 顯示，然后進(jìn)入按鍵掃描中，有效觸摸則單片機(jī)進(jìn)行波形檔位的切換，讀取頻率數(shù)據(jù)，然后送給已啟動(dòng)的 DDS 信號(hào)芯片，輸出相應(yīng)的頻率的波形。并且 FPGA 作為數(shù)字邏 輯器件，競爭、冒險(xiǎn)是數(shù)字邏輯器件較為突出的問題，因此在使用時(shí)必須注意毛刺的產(chǎn)生、消除及抗干擾性。 方案二：直接數(shù)字頻率合成（ DDS） 直接數(shù)字頻率合成技術(shù)是根據(jù)相位間隔對(duì)正弦信號(hào)進(jìn)行取樣、量化、編碼，然后儲(chǔ)存在 EPROM 中構(gòu)成一個(gè)正弦查詢表。方波產(chǎn)生后，經(jīng)過積分電路，得到三角波 (鋸齒波 )。但是掃描要占用大量的 I/O 口資源，還增大了單片機(jī)的運(yùn)算開銷，顯示的信息也不夠豐富。 多功能信號(hào)發(fā)生器 5 1234567891011121314JPJATGDVcc123456Vref+7XIN8XOUT9Veref+10Vref/Veref111213141516DVss63AVss62616059RST/NMI58TCK57TMS56TDI/TCLK55TD0/TDI54XT2IN53XT0OUT525150491718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748MSP430F169AVcc64U1MSP430F1691 2Y28MC1C2X2INX2INX2OUTX2OUT10uFC3C4VCC100R110uFC6C5VCC100R2100R3VCC1 2Y13276810117123J121KR5VCCMSP430F149 圖 31 微控制器電路 圖 信號(hào)產(chǎn)生電路 本作品采用直接數(shù)字頻率合成技術(shù)，使用 ADI 公司的集成 DDS 器件 AD9850。本作品還用到 AD9850 內(nèi)部的高速比較器，產(chǎn)生可調(diào)占空比的方波，再經(jīng)過一個(gè)積分電路，產(chǎn)生三角波。 觸摸屏顯示電路 顯像原理是將液晶材料置于兩片貼附光軸垂直偏光板之透明導(dǎo)電玻璃間，液晶分子會(huì)依配向膜的細(xì)溝槽方向依序旋轉(zhuǎn)排列，如果電場未形成，光線會(huì)順利的從偏光板射入，依液晶分子旋轉(zhuǎn)其行進(jìn)方向，然后從另一邊射出。內(nèi)核在轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)會(huì)參 用到兩個(gè)參考基準(zhǔn)電壓，一個(gè)是參考相對(duì)的最大輸入最大值，當(dāng)模擬 開關(guān) 的開關(guān) 輸出的模擬量大于或等于最大值時(shí) ADC 內(nèi)核的輸出數(shù)字量為滿量程，也就是 0xff；另一個(gè)則是最小值，當(dāng)模擬開關(guān)輸出的模擬變量小于或等于最大值時(shí)， ADC 內(nèi)核輸出的數(shù)字量為最低值，也就是 0x00。交流電源在正半周的一段時(shí)間內(nèi) ， 通過二極管對(duì)電容充電 ， 使電容 上的電壓逐漸趨近于峰值電壓。 而 人機(jī)交互采用觸摸彩屏輸入，通過觸摸彩屏可設(shè)置波形類型、頻率等參數(shù)。 to implement , do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision。t be narrowminded. Poke to care, is a kind of 多功能信號(hào)發(fā)生器 19 openminded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people。 you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth, Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same。t envy him A sum of, don39。 to get, must work to。 life is a simple, calm and peaceful. Always not to choose their own path and regret, life is like a train, the scenery and then the United States will retreat, the passage of time and encounter will eventually drifting further and further away, before is always himself. 25, everyone has a weakness, weakness is true humanity. That has no weakness, a shallow person. That people think there is no weakness, mostly false. Life has shortings, there are shortings is the real life. That no 多功能信號(hào)發(fā)生器 24 one regret, or childish or numbness or Self deception. It is in tolerance of weakness and so on to accept, people live happil