【正文】 behind spectators作定語，修飾nations，前置是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)。67. At the international level, sport is frankly mimic warfare.【譯文】在國際比賽中，體育簡直是模擬戰(zhàn)爭?！締卧~和短語】do one’s utmost：竭力（tried as hard as one could），例如：The coach did his utmost to make us into a winning game.教練竭盡全力使我隊(duì)成了常勝隊(duì)。deduce聯(lián)想到deduction（演繹法）、induce（歸納）和induction（歸納法）。t know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that international sporting contests lead to orgies of hatred, one could deduce if from general principles.【譯文】人們即使不能從具體的事例（如1936年奧運(yùn)會）了解到國際運(yùn)動(dòng)比賽會導(dǎo)致極度仇恨，也能從常理中推出結(jié)論。其中的if從句是非真實(shí)條件從句。【單詞和短語】conceited：自負(fù)的，自高自大的，驕傲自滿的（someone who is conceited thinks they are very clever, skillful, beautiful etc），名詞形式為conceit。to turn to…for …為……求助于……。in violent and lovely contrast with作定語修飾cosmic beings?！締卧~和短語】devotion：專心，熱心，專心（the loyalty that you show towards a person, job etc, especially by working hard），例如：sb.’s devotion of time and money to the project某人對這一項(xiàng)目所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間和金錢Two devotions have filled her life.她的生活被兩樣他所專注的事情占據(jù)了。56. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.【譯文】因?yàn)檫@至少使我具有某種個(gè)性，這正是年輕人孜孜以求的事情之一。55. When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain—that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem.【譯文】我十幾歲時(shí)，總覺得自己年輕，懵懵懂懂——我感到我就像一所大學(xué)校里的新生，假如我當(dāng)時(shí)真的極為有趣地被人看作是個(gè)問題，我真會感到非常得意?！締卧~和短語】fundamentals：基本原則（或原理），根本法則（或規(guī)律）；基礎(chǔ)。52. If there is one—which I take leave to doubt—then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves.【譯文】假如確有這個(gè)問題的話——我冒昧對此表示懷疑——那么這個(gè)問題是由老年人而非青年人臆造的。I got acquainted with him while I was on a visit to New York.我在訪問紐約期間與他結(jié)識?！締卧~和短語】sensitivity的形容詞形式為sensitive。printed on it是過去分詞短語，修飾figures and colours，it指Lotto。4月，俄羅斯聯(lián)邦共和國衛(wèi)生部的一個(gè)特別委員會對她進(jìn)行了一系列測試?！局v解】locked away there作kept的賓語補(bǔ)足語?！締卧~和短語】normal的反義詞為abnormal。course：（一）道（菜）（one of the separate parts of a meal），例如：The first course was soup.第一道是湯。【講解】same后的冒號引出同位語。often twelve months old作定語，修飾bread。impoverish：使窮困，使赤貧（to make some one very poor），形容詞為impoverished，名詞形式為impoverishment?！局v解】it是形式主語，to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers是真正的主語。【單詞和短語】perilous：充滿危險(xiǎn)的；瀕臨毀滅的（very dangerous），例如：a perilous rate of inflation 危機(jī)四伏的通貨膨脹率perilous的名詞形式為peril。they sought是定語從句，作prize的定語，指“他們追求的目標(biāo)”。by a route中by意為“沿，經(jīng)”。not前省略了and they are?！締卧~和短語】authority：學(xué)術(shù)權(quán)威，專家，泰斗（someone who knows a lot about a subject and whose knowledge and opinions are greatly respected）。He is engaged on that book.他正忙于寫那部書。翻譯這一插入語時(shí)，必須注意它在句中的位置。意即“它們?nèi)釉谝黄鹣麥纭薄Ｈ绻皇鞘诚x動(dòng)物的保護(hù)，則這些昆蟲會吞噬我們所有的莊稼，殺死我們成群的牛羊。111. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.【譯文】石頭不會腐爛。形容詞為legendary。另舉例如下：the peoples of the world 世界各國人民a hardworking people 勤勞的民族the Jewish people 猶太民族Each people builds a culture adapted to its particular needs. 各民族都建立起一種適應(yīng)其獨(dú)特需要的文化。【講解】now living in the Pacific Islands是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作peoples的定語。recount：詳細(xì)敘述，描述，說明（to tell someone a story or describe a series of events），例如：recount a story with real wit 妙趣橫生地講故事The explorer recounted his adventures in a number of books.探險(xiǎn)家在好幾本書中描述自己的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷。另一為“盡管這樣，雖然情況如此”（in spite of what has happened），例如：I have explained everything，but even now she doesn’t understand.我什么都解釋了，但是盡管如此她還是不明白。【單詞和短語】read：此處為不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“讀到，獲悉”（to find out information from books，newspapers etc.），后接of或about，例如：He reads about the war. 他讀到關(guān)于戰(zhàn)爭的消息。12. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write.【譯文】但時(shí)至今日世上某些地方的人還不會書寫。another后省略了generation of storytellers?！局v解】none可指可數(shù)名詞，亦可指不可數(shù)名詞。形容詞remote的常用意為“遙遠(yuǎn)的，久遠(yuǎn)的”（far from towns or other places where people live），例如：the remotest corners of the earth 天涯海角a custom of remote antiquity 遠(yuǎn)古遺風(fēng)remote亦可作名詞，常用意為“遙控器”（remote controller）。modern men39。【講解】may also have used意為“可能使用過”，may＋完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)表示對過去情況的推測。22. Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race.【譯文】因?yàn)樗鼈兿麥缌四敲炊嗬ハx，包括一些屬于人類最大敵人的昆蟲。we get…animals作protection的定語。It didn’t take me long to arrange my belongings；for I had brought little.因?yàn)樾醒b帶得不多，我沒花多少時(shí)間就把東西整理好了。nor even nearly承前省略了are spiders，完整的句子應(yīng)是：nor are the spiders even nearly related to them。29. One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre。211. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day.【譯文】它們消滅了多少昆蟲，我們簡直無法猜測，它們是吃不飽的動(dòng)物，不滿足于一日三餐。Lesson 3 Matterhorn man第三課馬特霍恩山區(qū)人by WALTER UNSWORTHfrom Matterhorn Man 31. Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded.【譯文】現(xiàn)代登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員力圖沿著一條能從中得到鍛煉樂趣的路線登山?！締卧~和短語】pioneering：創(chuàng)新的，先驅(qū)的（introducing new and better methods or ideas for the first time）。但他們并非故意尋求這種刺激。這叫修正法（epanorthosis）。因此可以把such…Chamonix視為修飾places的定語。the food simply…中food和simply中間，all與washed中間都省略了was。found shelter with…與……住在一起，這里的破折號引出被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分?！局v解】accustomed to…at home作定語修飾men。42. One case concerns an elevenyearold schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls.【譯文】有一例涉及11歲學(xué)生維拉【單詞和短語】happened to do something：碰巧做某事（if you happen to do something, you do it by chance），例如：I happened to look in that direction and caught him in the act of doing it.我碰巧朝那個(gè)方向看，正好目睹他在做那事?！締卧~和短語】do up：捆，包（to fasten something，or to be fastened in a particular way）。更奇怪的是，她把肘部在兒童玩的“樂透”紙牌上移動(dòng)便能說出印在紙牌的數(shù)字和顏色。hidden under a carpet作pictures的定語。某些時(shí)間狀語從句中，如果謂語動(dòng)詞是be，主語又與主句的主語一致或是it，就常?？梢园褟木渲械闹髡Z及be省略。Lesson 5 Youth第五課青年by FIELDEN HUGHESfrom Out of the Air, The Listener 51. People are