【正文】 Society 閱讀、了解 欣賞 分析、詮釋 文學(xué)批評 理論化 What is it about? Do you like it? Why? What does it mean? And how? How are its meanings produced? What else does it mean from a certain perspective or in some context(s)? 由賞析到批評理論 : a Hermeneutic Circle New Criticism on Poetry ? 1. Pay close attention to the text?s diction its meanings (connotation and denotation) and even its etymological roots. ? 2. Study the poetic elements closely. （ prosody）、比喻語言（明喻、暗喻、擬人法、頓呼法） ? 3. Search for structure and patterns。 above: her photo source: 1) 2) ) Text amp。 The bliss of solitude or romance Text Example II: “She Walks in Beauty” ? Questions for close analysis: ? 1. What are the similes and images used to describe this lady? ? 2. How is the lady characterized and described? How do the sound effects (. open vowels, r l and m sounds) help convey the meanings? ? 3. Does the fact that the actual lady is in mourning and is Byron39。 ? Repetion of words –daffodils, they, saw, dance, gaze, etc. Text Example I: “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” Possible interpretation: Thesis statement: The poem describes and embodies the working of a poet?s imagination, which first describes his action and the daffodils metaphorically, and then presents his ?mental? dancing with the flowers. The description is actually all an embodiment of the poet?s imagination, since we don?t really get to see the flowers described physically, and, at the end, their appearance in the poet?s mind is actually a disappearance. Text amp。 3. Framework 4. What we have done today Starting Questions (1) What do YOU think? What do you think ? About the following images and music? ? (1) Earth + “Sedona Spirit” (Sedona in Arizona: features the wonder of what Native Americans consider the spiritual vortex of the Southwest and absolutely sublime red rock formations ) ? (2) Lotus + “To The Rising Sun” ? (Sources: ppt files, unknown, from circulation。 music from Heat: Summer Nights –?a relaxation sampler with nature sounds?) What do you think About the following statements? ? Human nature is part of “ Nature.” ? In Wilderness lies the preservation of the world. ?自然就是美 ?蕾黛絲 真水胸罩：我愛大自然 大自然篇(阿雅) ?貴夫人 生機(jī)調(diào)理 自然飲食篇 – 和自然越MATCH, 生機(jī)就會VERY MUCH. ?LP333優(yōu)酪乳 可調(diào)整體質(zhì)，輕鬆面對大自然 Nature . . . ? As Signs: “Nature,” “wilderness” and the “natural” have always been human constructions. We tend to romanticize nature so that “the natural” bee the signs that sell. ? As Commodities: Nature is not landscape, definitely not picaresque landscapes which get to be sold to us as modities. (In Taiwan, unless you are very strong and experienced mountaineers, it takes money