外文翻譯--一個良好的公路的基礎(chǔ)-公路隧道-免費閱讀
【正文】 道路排水描述用于道路排水，肩膀，溝渠，涵洞。介紹了良好的道路十誡。知道了道路的建設(shè)，生活和修復(fù)歷史讓我們更容易的未來計劃和預(yù)算 維修 。選擇一個改進(jìn)技術(shù)，以解決問題。 7． 準(zhǔn)備工作做好才能鋪設(shè) 這是沒有必要所有的道路鋪平立即。 農(nóng)村道路可能攜帶日志卡車，牛奶車，消防部門消防車卡車，或施工設(shè)備。這意味著更少的水可以進(jìn)入的結(jié)構(gòu)。他們也可能迫使你以取代道路過早。在春天，檢查并清除耕耘任何死去的植物材料，從秋天離開淤泥。 處理 —水 溝，涵洞系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行水離路面結(jié)構(gòu)。 轉(zhuǎn)移 攔截溝渠，坐落在道路和路線較高的位置，從而使水能夠遠(yuǎn)離道路。 過多的水積攢 在道路的 結(jié)構(gòu) 層 內(nèi)，這樣 會減弱結(jié)構(gòu)層與基層的穩(wěn)定性，從而導(dǎo)致路基的破壞。河南理工大學(xué) 09 級交通工程專業(yè)外文翻譯 2020 1 河南理工大學(xué) 交通工程專業(yè) 中英文翻譯 Road Design 專 業(yè)： 交 通 工 程 學(xué) 生： 曹 陽 威 指導(dǎo)老師： 宋 暉 穎 河南理工大學(xué) 2020 屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計中英文翻譯 2020 年 6 月 河南理工大學(xué) 09 級交通工程專業(yè)外文翻譯 2020 2 英文原文 The Basics of a Good Road We have known how to build good roads for a long time. Archaeologists have found ancient Egyptian roadsthat carried blocks to the pyramids in 4600 BCE. Later,the Romans built an extensive road system, using the same principles we use today. Some of these roads are still in service. If you follow the basic concepts of road building, you will create a road that will last. The ten mandments of a good road are: （ 1） Get water away from the road （ 2） Build on a firm foundation （ 3） Use the best materials （ 4） Compact all layers properly （ 5） Design for traffic loads and volumes （ 6） Design for maintenance （ 7） Pave only when ready （ 8） Build from the bottom up （ 9） Protect your investment （ 10） Keep good records 1． Get water away from the road We can’t overemphasize the importance of good estimate that at least 90% of a road’s problems can be related to excess water or to poor waterdrainage. Too much water in any layer of a road’sstructure can weaken that layer, leading to failure. In the surface layer, water can cause cracks and potholes. In lower layers it undermines support, causing cracks and potholes. A mon sign of water in an asphalt road surface is alligator cracking — an interconnected pattern of cracks forming small irregular shaped pieces that look like alligator skin. Edge cracking, frost heaves, and spring breakup of pavements also point to moisture problems. To prevent these problems remember that water: ? flows downhill ? needs to flow someplace ? is a problem if it is not flowing Effective drainage systems divert, drain and dispose of water. To do this they use interceptor ditches and slopes,road crowns, and ditch and culvert systems. Divert — Interceptor ditches, located between the road and higher ground along the road, keep the water from reaching the roadway. These ditches must slope so they carry water away from the road. Drain — Creating a crown in the road so it is higher along the centerline than at the edges encourages water to flow off the road. Typically a paved crown should be 1?4 higher than the shoulder for each foot of width from the centerline to the edge. For gravel surfaces the crown should be 1?2 higher per foot of width. For this flow path to work, the road surface must be relatively water tight. Road shoulders also must be sloped away from the road to continue carrying the flow away. Superelevations (banking) at the outside of curves will also help drain 河南理工
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