【正文】 記住，如果在維修過程中修改參數(shù)、線路等，很可能安裝出錯(cuò)或破壞其他元件。 如果虎鉗將工件壓彎，不要懷疑機(jī)床精度。 每兩年更換控制箱上的空氣過濾器。 ．清理 A 軸和上料工位上的定位墊。 ．卸下冷卻箱蓋子，清除其中的沉淀物。 機(jī)床維護(hù)和故障診斷 臥式加工中心維護(hù) 畢 業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯 ） 7 圖 5 以下是臥式加工中心（如圖 5 所示）的常規(guī)維護(hù)事項(xiàng)，有保養(yǎng)頻率、冷卻液容量與類型。 對(duì)于鋼和鑄鐵來說，這種溫度降低不大。 復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品 零件多功能表面增加了，例如新設(shè)計(jì)的渦輪機(jī)葉片有新的、優(yōu)化的功能與特性。 質(zhì)量 對(duì)質(zhì)量的高要求是空前激烈競爭所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。 加工的主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是模具的尺寸和表面粗糙度方面的質(zhì)量水平。 FMC 一般由下列部分組成： ．單元控制器 ．可編程邏輯控制器（ PLC） ．一臺(tái)以上的機(jī)床 ．物流設(shè)備（機(jī)器人或托盤） FMC 按順序?qū)α慵鲌?zhí)行固定的加工操作。（較老的）一種方法是在程序中指定編程零點(diǎn)。用這種方法指定軸運(yùn)動(dòng)，編程員往往會(huì)問“我該將刀具移動(dòng)多遠(yuǎn)的距離？”，盡管增量方式多數(shù)時(shí)候很有用，但一般說來，這種方法指定軸運(yùn)動(dòng)較麻煩、困難，初學(xué)者應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)使用絕對(duì)方式。 如果編程員希望刀具移動(dòng)到編程零點(diǎn)右方 1 英寸（ 毫米）的位置，則用這種方法指令 即可。與臺(tái)虎鉗相比，數(shù)控機(jī)床的直線 軸是非常精確的，軸的驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)精確控制直線軸的移動(dòng)距離。這些軸沿著其長度方向精確、自動(dòng)定位。由于這些機(jī)床在程序的控制下工作，加工不同的工件易如在數(shù)控系統(tǒng)中裝載一個(gè)不同的程序而己。零件制造過程中的人為干預(yù)減少或者免除了。t replace the spindle drive if the belt is broken. Find the problem first。s technology, high speed is generally accepted to mean surface speeds between 1 and 10 kilometers per minute or roughly 3 300 to 33 000 feet per minute. Speeds above 10 km/min are in the ultrahigh speed category, and are largely the realm of experimental metal cutting. Obviously, the spindle rotations required to achieve these surface cutting speeds are directly related to the diameter of the tools being used. One trend which is very evident today is the use of very large cutter diameters for these applications and this has important implications for tool design. There are many opinions, many myths and many different ways to define HSM. Maintenance and troubleshooting Maintenance for a horizontal MC The following is a list of required regular maintenance for a Horizontal Machining Center as shown in . Listed are the frequency of service, capacities, and type of fluids required. These required specifications must be followed in order to keep your machine in good working order and protect your warranty. 畢 業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯 ） 9 fig. 5 Daily Top off coolant level every eight hour shift (especially during heavy TSC usage). Check way lube lubrication tank level. Clean chips from way covers and bottom pan. Clean chips from tool changer. Wipe spindle taper with a clean cloth rag and apply light oil. Weekly ? Check for proper operation of auto drain on filter regulator. On machines with the TSC option, clean the chip basket on the coolant tank. Remove the tank cover and remove any sediment inside the tank. Be careful to disconnect the coolant pump from the controller and POWER OFF the control before working on the coolant tank . Do this monthly for machines without the TSC option. Check air gauge/regulator for 85 psi. For machines with the TSC option, place a dab of grease on the Vflange of tools. Do this monthly for machines without the TSC option. Clean exterior surfaces with mild cleaner. DO NOT use solvents. Check the hydraulic counterbalance pressure according to the machine39。畢 業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯 ） 1 英文原文 CNC machine tools While the specific intention and application for CNC machines vary from one machine type to another, all forms of CNC have mon benefits. Here are but a few of the more important benefits offered by CNC equipment. The first benefit offered by all forms of CNC machine tools is improved automation. The operator intervention related to producing workpieces can be reduced or eliminated. Many CNC machines can run unattended during their entire machining cycle, freeing the operator to do other tasks. This gives the CNC user several side benefits including reduced operator fatigue, fewer mistakes caused by human error, and consistent and predictable machining time for each workpiece. Since the machine will be running under program control, the skill level required of the CNC operator (related to basic machining practice) is also reduced as pared to a machinist producing workpieces with conventional machine tools. The second major benefit of CNC technology is consistent and accurate workpieces. Today39。s specifications. Place a dab of grease on the outside edge of the fingers of the tool changer and run through all tools. Monthly Check oil level in gearbox. Add oil until oil begins dripping from over flow tube at bottom of sump tank. Clean pads on bottom of pallets. 畢 業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯 ） 10 Clean the locating pads on the Aaxis and the load station. This requires removing the pallet. ? Inspect way covers for proper operation and lubricate with light oil, if necessary. Six months Replace coolant and thoroughly clean the coolant tank. Check all hoses and lubrication lines for cracking. Annually ? Replace the gearbox oil. Drain the oil from the gearbox, and slowly refill it with 2 quarts of Mobil DTE 25 oil. ? Check oil filter and clean out residue at bottom for the lubrication chart. Replace air filter on control box every 2 years. Mineral cutting oils will damage rubber based ponents throughout the machine. Troubleshooting This section is intended for use in determining the solution to a known problem. Solutions given are intended to give the individual servicing the CNC a pattern to follow in, first, de