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【正文】 ? 2) 漸變動(dòng)詞,如: get, run, grow, bee, begin及 die。 had not succeeded B. would not give。 ? 典型例題 ? 1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. ? A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes ? 答案 C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。t. 33 ? 典型例題 ? The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office. A. had written, left B, were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left ? 答案 D. “把書忘在辦公室”發(fā)生在“去取書”這一過去的動(dòng)作之前,因此“忘了書”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去,用過去完成時(shí)。 30 ? 典型例題 ? 1. You don39。 ? He has pleted the work. 他已完成了那項(xiàng)工作。 ? (錯(cuò)) I have received his letter for a month. ? (對(duì)) I haven39。 ? This is the first time (that) I39。) ? She has returned from Paris. ? 她已從巴黎回來了。 15 比較過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) ? 1)過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的,強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。 ? When Bill es (不是 will e), ask him to wait for me. ? I39。 ? will 在陳述句中用于各人稱,在爭求意見時(shí)常用于第二人稱。 ? Mother used not to be so forgetful. ? Scarf used to take a walk. (過去常常散步 ) ? be used to + doing: 對(duì) …… 已感到習(xí)慣,或 習(xí)慣于 , to是介詞,后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。 ? would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示‘寧愿某人做某事’ ? I39。 ? 注意:此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時(shí),從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 ) ? Christine has been an invalid all her life. ? (含義:她現(xiàn)在還活著 ) 5 ? Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. ? (含義:達(dá)比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。t D. can39。m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安排 ) 11 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來 ? 1)下列動(dòng)詞: e, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。m leaving tomorrow. ? Are you staying here till next week? 14 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) ? 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。) 18 ? Why did you get up so early? ? (強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過了。 ? 錯(cuò)) Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. ? (對(duì)) Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 20 用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型 ? 1) It is the first / second time…. that… 結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +thatclause 的句型中,從句要用完成時(shí)。 ) 25 ? 小竅門: 當(dāng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) +一段時(shí)間,這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,我們用下面的公式轉(zhuǎn)化,很容易就能排除非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)中的誤使。clock. ? 他到 10 點(diǎn)才回來。 31 過去完成時(shí) ? 概念:表示過去的過去 ? |||其構(gòu)成是 had +過去分詞 那時(shí)以前 那時(shí) 現(xiàn)在 用法 ? a. 在 told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句。 ? When I heard the news, I was very excited. 35 ? 3) 敘述歷史事實(shí),可不用過去完成時(shí),而只用一般過去時(shí)。 句中的 fell (fall的過去時(shí) ),是系動(dòng)詞,后跟形容詞,如: fall sick。主句用過去將來時(shí),故選 B. 此處用一般現(xiàn)在式代替了過去將來時(shí)。 ? He thought that I need not tell you the truth. 46 時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語 ? 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) every …, sometimes, at …, on Sunday, ? 一般過去時(shí) yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in
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