【正文】 llites in orbits at a greater inclination to the equatorial plane than GPS, GALILEO will achieve better coverage at high latitudes.（由于比起 GPS，其衛(wèi)星放置相對赤道面軌道有一個更大的傾角， GALILEO 將在高緯度獲得更好的覆蓋） This will make it particularly suitable for operation over northern Europe, an area not well covered by GPS.（這將使得它特別【 particularly】適合【 suitable 適合的】北歐地區(qū)使用，該地區(qū) GPS 覆蓋率不很好） GPS,GLONASS and GALILEO, the three systems will be fully interoperable, which means that a user on Earth will be able to determine a position with any receiver picking up signals from any bination of satellites belonging to any of the three systems.（ GPS,GLONASS 和 GALILEO，這三個系統將能夠完全的共同使用【 interoperable能共同使用的】【這里指三個系統兼容】，這意味著一個地球上的使用者將可以使用任一接收機從屬于任一三個系統的任一衛(wèi)星組【 bination 聯合體，指 4 顆衛(wèi)星形成的定位組】接收信號確定一個位置） BEIDOU（北斗） BEIDOU is a satellite positioning and navigating system developed and deployed independently by China.（北斗是一個由中國獨立發(fā)展和部署【 deploy部署、配置】的衛(wèi)星定位和導航系統） The space segment of this system consists of 3 (2 operational +1 spare) geosynchronous satellites orbiting 360,000km high above the Earth.（這個系統的太空部分由 3顆（ 2顆運行＋ 1 顆備用）地球同步衛(wèi)星【 geosynchronous satellite】運行于【 orbit 軌道運行v.】 距地球 360000 公里 的軌道上 ） The two operational satellites were both launched in 2021 and they have operated stably since then.（兩顆工作衛(wèi)星都在 2021 發(fā)射，它們從那時起一直運行穩(wěn)定） The spare one was successfully launched on May 25, 2021.（ 備用的一個在 2021年 3月25日被成功發(fā)射） Although developed for defense purpose, the system will also be applied in civilian uses and will afford considerable advantages in many sectors of the economy of our country.（盡 管為國防【 defense】目的而發(fā)展，這套系統也用于民用，將 在我國許多經濟【 economy】部門【 sector】 提供【 afford】相當可觀的 【 considerable】利益【 advantage】）【將為我國許多經濟部門帶來可觀的效益】 Compared with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GPS, GLONASS and GALILEO), BEIDOU should in fact be called a Local Navigation Satellite System.（與全球導航衛(wèi)星系統（ GPS,GLONASS 和 GALILEO）相比，北斗實際應該被叫做區(qū)域導航衛(wèi)星系統） It covers the territory and territory sea of China and around longitude 70~140 east, latitude 5~55 north.（它覆蓋了中國的領土和領海以及周邊地區(qū) —— 東經 70－ 140，北緯 5－ 55） The positioning principles of BEIDOU and GNSS are different.（ 北斗 與 GNSS【 Global Navigation Satellite System 全球導航衛(wèi)星系統】的定位原理不同） GPS, GLONASS and GALILEO are all passive positioning systems that do not require the transmission of signals from users to satellites.（ GPS， GLONASS 和 GALILEO 都是被動式定位系統【 passive positioning system】，不需要從使用者向衛(wèi)星發(fā)送信號） But BEIDOU is an active positioning system.（但是北斗是一個主動式定位系統） To make use of this system for positioning or navigating, users need to transmit signals to the satellites at first and then signals are retransmitted to the Ground Control Center.（ 用這套系統來定位和導航， 使用者需要首先向衛(wèi)星發(fā)射信號，然后信號被轉送【 retransmit轉發(fā)、轉播】至地面控制中心） GCC putes out the users’ position based on the signals transmitted from the satellites.（ GCC以從衛(wèi)星傳來的信號為基礎，計算出使用者的位置） At last, the users get their position information via the satellites.（最后，經由【 via】衛(wèi)星使用者得到它們的信息） Observation data acquisition and position putation are both carried out by GCC.（觀測數據獲取和定位計算都是由 GCC來實現【 carry out實現、完成】） So it is required that both satellites and receivers own the functions of receiving and sending or retransmitting the signals.（ 因此，這就需要衛(wèi)星和接收機都有接收和發(fā)射或轉發(fā)信號的功能）