【正文】 to achieve success. It is nearly five decades after the establishment of new China, but the traditional rule does not change. Traditional concept in Chinese people?s minds is still entrenched. Father, in the eyes of son?s eyes, teachers, in the eyes of the students, have the absolutely authority. Family background in human development still plays an important role. Chinese people attach importance to the traditional concept of seniority, Therefore, what is regarded as an act of politeness in the Chinese culture might simply be considered as an intrusion upon one?s privacy in Western culture. The different value systems impose dissimilar rules of munication on their people. What is thought of as an imposition in the Western culture can be looked on as polite and sincere in the Chinese culture. 4. Things to do to improve crosscultural munication Respecting the other’s culture In the crosscultural munication, people may meet different persons from different countries with different cultural backgrounds. The most important thing during this process is 成都 XX學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 10 that people should respect the other?s culture. Admitting the culture?s diversity, people can build a good relationship only when the relation is based on the respect, and mutual understanding. In this way they will have more opportunities to be successful in their crosscultural munication. Creating more chances to municate with the people from the different cultures The increasing of the cultural sensitivity has to be related with the practical performance. Culture is a plex and prehensive system, which is difficult to understand and master. Communicating with the people from the different cultural backgrounds is the most efficient way to make crosscultural munication successful, it will be very useful to improve the people?s ability in the crosscultural munication. Avoiding the cultural prejudice There is a mon phenomenon that people habitually and unconsciously regard the thinking style or customs from other culture the same as those from their own culture. Macionis offers a detailed definition of prejudice while explaining its damaging effect on the intercultural munication. “Prejudice amounts to a rigid and irrational generalization about a category of people. Prejudice is irrational to the extent that people hold inflexible attitudes supported by little or no direct evidence. Prejudice may target people a particular social class, sex, sexual orientation, age, political affiliation, race or ethnicity. ” (Samovar amp。 it conducts people39。 (c)titles, including social titles, official titles and occupational mon social titles in English are Mr., Miss, sir。本文試圖從稱謂語、問候語、稱贊語、禁忌語四方面入手，重點(diǎn)探究中西方文化禮貌現(xiàn)象的差異，差異形成的原因以及對跨文化交際的啟示，并從地理因素，文化因素和價(jià)值觀的角度，對造成中西方禮貌差異的深層原因進(jìn)行剖析，以期加深對禮貌現(xiàn)象的認(rèn)識，旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)中西方文化的折中，實(shí)現(xiàn)正確的使用禮貌用語， 提高跨文化交際能力 。 crosscultural munication 成都 XX學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 ii 從禮貌用語看中西文化差異 摘要 ：語言既是文化的載體，又是文化的一部分， 語言受到文化的影響，是文化的一面鏡子。 cultural difference。禮貌用語在跨文化 交際中使用的是否得體 ,將直接關(guān)系著交際是否能夠順利進(jìn)行下去 ,甚至是否能夠達(dá)到交際目的。 (b) kinship terms like father, uncle, aunt in English and Ge(ge)哥哥 , Jie(jie)姐姐 in Chinese。 both sides must support the behavior. By means of presenting somebody with good words, the speaker offers friendship and goodwill to the hearer. Thus the hearer, who is praised, must show his acceptance or refusal out of social behavior regulations. As we all know, the Chinese and the western people quite different in cultural backgrounds, world views and thinking patterns. Such differences are also reflected in their different types of responses to pliments. For example, if you meet an American young woman and say: “You are so pretty” she will respond with two words “Thank you”. While in China, if you say the same thing to a Chinese young woman， she will also respond with two words, but not thank you, it is “Buzz off”. Taboo Taboo is a word changed from “tabu”. “It was borrowed from Tongan, a Polynesian language. It refers to acts that are forbidden or to be avoided. Taboo is a mon social and cultural phenomenon in China and Western countries。 Porter, 2021, ). The effective way to avoid cultural prejudice is to learn how to behave openmindedly and flexibly. In fact, during the crosscultural munication, native people usually behave the tolerance of unconventional usage from foreigners at some degree. Seeking cultural similarities during the crosscultural munication Besides the various hidden gaps in different cultures, the similarities of the cultures are often neglected. Actually the similarities of the cultures are the preconditions for the mutual understanding, trust and munication. On the contrary, lack of the similarities often brings about the uncertainties and hesitation in the crosscultural munication. Providing that the municators find the similarities for their cultures, the discourse distance will be greatly narrowed. The increasing of the familiarity and intimacy will do the contribution to the smooth munication. 成都 XX學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 11 5. Conclusion The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze the differences between English and Chinese courtesy language, and the causes of the differences. It begins with the differences, later discusses the causes and finally, it suggests about the things that people should keep in mind during the crosscultural munications. To summarize, although there are many differences in courtesy language between the different county?s culture, people from the different cultural backgrounds can establish a good relationship with each other very well. Mutual understanding is also needed. Admitting the diversity of the cultures is another important key in the crossmunications. People can improve their ability to deal with the people from other counties by keeping this thing in their mind. .