【正文】 ________(5)most famous lawmakers___________(6)antiquity, devised edicts regulating water inspired the Chinese___________(7)build a 1,000 mile canal, a plex system___________(8), after nearly 2,500 years, ___________(9)still partly in use and still mands the awe of the ancients never found plete solutions ____________(10)their water Hwang Ho, or Yellow River, is also known___________(11)“China’s Sorrow”。its routes link him to____________(17)fellows。這是語言學(xué)家們普遍認(rèn)同的定義。說語言是任意性的，意思是，某個(gè)詞(如“狗”)與它所指的物體之間通常沒有本質(zhì)的內(nèi)在的固有的聯(lián)系。換言之，人們用一定的音和語言形式去象征地表達(dá)和交流事物。s and groom39。表示自己決定自己的對象。主要是看前后兩句的含義，前面是說“他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關(guān)事務(wù)，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對象。5.[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案] [C]After[考點(diǎn)分析] 上下文語義[選項(xiàng)分析]根據(jù)下文“______a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other??”知道，只有對象選擇好后，父母才會(huì)去調(diào)查研究對方的背景。這里marry into就是指嫁到，而其他選項(xiàng)均沒有這層含義。8． [標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案] [C]recite [考點(diǎn)分析] 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 [選項(xiàng)分析]空格處需要填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，和后面的prayers of blessing所搭配，C選項(xiàng)recite 為背誦的意思，與所給短語搭配最為合理，譯為“為祈禱者做祈?！?。本句語義為“這些受尊敬的夫妻祈禱?”根據(jù)語境，結(jié)婚是一種夫妻二人的結(jié)合，因此，選項(xiàng)[D]結(jié)合更符合語境。14．[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案] [D]obtain [考點(diǎn)分析] 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 [選項(xiàng)分析] Divorce is legal and relatively easy to __14__, but not ， 。這說明離婚在現(xiàn)實(shí)中肯定是不太受到人們的歡迎的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A whenever“無論何地；任何（地方）=any place where(定從)”。因此，選擇B =retains any property that he or she ?.17.[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案] [B]brought [考點(diǎn)分析] 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞義辨析[選項(xiàng)分析] Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A changed“改變”。18.[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案] [B]divided [考點(diǎn)分析] 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞義辨析[選項(xiàng)分析] ?and jointlyacquired property is __18__ invested投資.[B]divided平分 [C] donated 捐贈(zèng)[D]withdrawn撤出，提取。20.[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案] [A]while [選項(xiàng)分析] 上下文語義 [考點(diǎn)分析] 很明顯的兩類人的對比比較關(guān)系。and is trying to instil a valuesbased culture, in which employees can be trusted to do theright thing because they know what the firm stands ，沃爾瑪正嘗試逐漸培養(yǎng)一種以價(jià)值觀為基礎(chǔ)的公司文化，在這種文化中，員工了解公司的主張，所以能夠得到公司的信任，去做他們認(rèn)為正確的事情。Nearly every big firm claims to be building a more caring and ethical 幾乎每一家大型企業(yè)都宣稱自身正在發(fā)展更為關(guān)懷體貼、合乎道德的企業(yè)文化。The largest category, 54%, saw their employer s culture as topdown, but with skilledleadership, lots of rules and a mix of carrots and sticks, which Mr Seidman calls ，即有54%的人認(rèn)為其公司文化自上而下型的，但公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)也有技巧可言，只是規(guī)則繁多并存在軟硬兼施的手段，塞德曼先生稱這種為 知情服從型。Yet only a quarter of those in the blindobedience firms said they were likely to blow thewhistle, pared with over 90% in selfgoverning ，在盲目服從型企業(yè)中只有約四分之一的員工說他們可能會(huì)揭發(fā)這種行為，而在自我管理型企業(yè)中卻有90%的員工會(huì)進(jìn)行揭發(fā)。Tragiically, the study found that bosses often believe their own guff, even if theirunderlings do ，研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)老板們時(shí)常對自己瞎掰的那一套信以為真，即便員工們不以為然?？射J教育官網(wǎng)Likewise, 41% of bosses say their firm rewards performance based on values rather thanmerely on financial ，41%的老板稱其公司對績效的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)是建基于價(jià)值觀之上的，而不僅是業(yè)績。Find a way to battle the bulge and a huge profit might be ，說必定就此大賺一筆。However, the pill s longawaited final approval may not e until April, if at 但是，如果獲得批準(zhǔn)，該藥品的漫長的最終肯定直到四月份才會(huì)到來。This is not for lack of 。Allergan, best known for selling Botox, has tried to use its LapBand to tap the ，嘗試用產(chǎn)品LapBand打入減肥市場。Some patients have had bands removed because they slipped or proved ，因?yàn)槭鴰Т蚧蛘邲]有效果。There is some scepticism about his chances of success: The fact that banding is not as goodas bypass has been known by everybody except the PR firms for the band, says LeeKaplan, director of the Weight Centre at Massachusetts General ：“事實(shí)上使用束帶不必胃繞道手術(shù)好，所有人都知道，除了束帶的公關(guān)公司，”馬薩諸塞州中心醫(yī)院體重中心主任Lee Kaplan如是說。The FDA rejected Vivus s Qnexa in 2010 over concerns for the safety of pregnant women andthe quickening of patients heart ，因?yàn)閾?dān)心該藥對孕婦的安全造成傷害，擔(dān)心該藥會(huì)加快患者的心率。Qnexa bines two treatments that are already on the 。On November 29th America s Federal Trade Commission announced that it hadreached a draft settlement with the giant social network over allegations that it hadmisled people about its use of their personal 、濫用用戶個(gè)人信息的控訴初步達(dá)成解決方案。The regulator s findings e at a sensitive time for Facebook, which is said to be preparingfor an initial public offering next year that could value it at around $100 。Announcing the agreement, the FTC said it had found a number of cases where Facebook hadmade claims that were unfair and deceptive, and violated federal ，F(xiàn)TC說發(fā)現(xiàn)有好幾回臉譜的聲明都是 不公平，虛假并觸犯聯(lián)邦法 的，F(xiàn)or instance, it passed on personally identifiable information to advertisers, even though itsaid it would not do ，它把用戶身份信息透露給廣告商，但是嘴上卻聲稱不會(huì)做此類事情。In a blog post published the same day, Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook s boss, tried to play downthe impact of the ，臉譜老板Mark Zuckerberg在一篇博文上極力淡化這份協(xié)議的影響。Among other things, the pany will now have to seek consumers approval before itchanges the way it shares their it has agreed to an independent privacy auditevery two years for the next 20 ，在改變用戶信息共享方式前，它還必須征詢用戶的同意，并且它也同意在未來二十年里每兩年進(jìn)行一次獨(dú)立的隱私審核。The audits can be used to tweak the framework in the light of new ，這些審核有助于打破原本框架。二．Drugmakers Cliffhanger制藥企業(yè) 懸念Big Pharma struggles to protect its blockbusters as they lose patent protection大型制藥企業(yè)艱難保護(hù)著專利失效的 重磅炸彈 藥物FOR some years the big drugmakers have been dreading an approaching patent cliff —aslump in sales as the patents on their most popular pills expire or are struck down by legalchallenges, with few new potential blockbusters to take their ，大型制藥企業(yè)一直擔(dān)心 專利懸崖 出現(xiàn)——最暢銷藥品的專利到期或?qū)＠蛟V訟而中止，而市場上鮮有新的 重磅炸彈 藥物，這時(shí)企業(yè)的銷售額將會(huì)銳減。Patients and healthcare payers should reap the ，而輝瑞的收入會(huì)縮水。More important, researchbased drug firms are using a variety of tactics to make the patentcliff slope more ，以研發(fā)為基礎(chǔ)的制藥公司正使用各種方法緩沖 專利懸崖 效應(yīng)。American and European regulators are looking into these 美國和歐洲的監(jiān)管部門也開始調(diào)查這些協(xié)議。According to BernsteinResearch, under the deal between the two drugmakers Pfizer willreceive about 70% of Watson s revenues from its approved copy of ，在此交易期間，華生公司獲得立普妥的仿制權(quán)，輝瑞將獲得華生公司年收入的70%。Patients with a special discount card from Pfizer will make copayments of just $4 for a month s worth of the originalLipitor, pared with about $10 for many generic ，若使用一種特殊打折卡，通過共同支付方式，只花4美元就可以獲得一個(gè)月用量的立普妥專利藥，而其他仿制品需要花費(fèi)約10美元。Others fear that Pfizer s tactics may drive up costs for the employers who sponsor healthplans, thanks to the plexities of copayment sc