無機(jī)化合物的命名-預(yù)覽頁
【正文】 3 Sulfur trioxide ? SF6 Sulfur hexafluoride PCl5phosphorus pentachloride Base = (Element ( ) + hydroxide) Names of Bases for example: Al(OH)3 Aluminum hydroxide NaOH Sodium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 Calcium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 Barium hydroxide Co(OH)2 Cobalt(II) hydroxide 25 Naming Acids (1). Per, hydro,normal acid (its saltate,ide) Acid = Central element’s root ic + acid for example: H2CO3 Carbonic acid H2SO4 Sulfuric acid HNO3 Nitric acid HClO4 Perchloric acid HCl Hydrochloric acid 無氧酸 命名規(guī)則： hydro詞根 ic acid 26 (2). Meta and hypoacid ( its saltite) Acid = Central element’s root ous + acid for example: H2SO3 Sulfurous acid H3PO3 Phosphorous acid HNO2 Nitrous acid HClO Hypochlorous acid HClO2 Chlorous acid 27 含氧酸與含氧酸根陰離子 采用前后綴的不同組合顯示不同價(jià)態(tài)的含氧酸和含氧酸根陰離子，價(jià)態(tài)相同的含氧酸及含氧酸根陰離子具有相同的前綴，不同的后綴。 Mixed salt = Cation + cation’ + anion for example: AlK(SO4)2 aluminium potassium sulfate KFe(SO4)2 ferric potassium sulfate 同正鹽的讀法，并且陽離子按英文名稱 的第一個(gè)字母順序讀 。 37 Exercise H2SO4 HCl HNO3 HNO2 HCN Na2S CuSO4 Fe(NO3)3 HClO4 KCN NH4Cl NaClO NaOH Mn(OH)2 Fe2O3 P2O5 H2O2 K2Cr2O7 Cu2(OH)2CO3 CaHPO4 38 Answer ? H2SO4 sulfuric acid ? HCl hydrogen chloride or hydrochloric acid ? HNO3 nitric acid ? HNO2 nitrous acid ? HCN hydrogen cyanide or hydrocyanic acid ? Na2S sodium sulfide ? CuSO4 copper (II) sulfate or cupric sulfate ? Fe(NO3)3 iron (III) nitrate or ferric nitrate ? HClO4 perchloric acid ? KCN potassium cyanide ? NH4Cl ammonium chloride 39 ? NaClO sodium hypochlorite ? NaOH sodium hydroxide ? Mn(OH)2 Manganese(II) hydroxide ? Fe2O3 iron(III) oxide or ferric oxide ? P2O5 Diphosphorus pentoxide ? H2O2 hydrogen peroxide ? K2Cr2O7 potassium dichromate ? Cu2(OH)2CO3 Dicopper(II) dihydroxycarbonate ? CaHPO4 calcium hydrogen phosphate Answer
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